Echinolittorina (Amerolittorina), Reid, 2009

Reid, David G., 2011, 2974, Zootaxa 2974, pp. 1-65 : 15-16

publication ID

1175­5334

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5286049

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E387CB-FF8D-7F73-FF76-4075FF54FD35

treatment provided by

Felipe

scientific name

Echinolittorina (Amerolittorina)
status

 

Subgenus Amerolittorina Reid, 2009

Echinolittorina (Amerolittorina) Reid, 2009: 33–35 (type species by original designation Trochus ziczac Gmelin, 1791 ).

Diagnosis: Shell with spiral ribs and grooves, sometimes a pseudumbilicus, never granulose or nodulose; colour white with spots, oblique axial or spiral lines of brown to black; aperture brown with white band at base and usually also at shoulder. Penis usually bifurcate with mamilliform gland and penial glandular disc, but either or both may be absent. Pallial oviduct: copulatory bursa opens at posterior or anterior end of straight section. Atlantic and eastern Pacific. (Diagnosis from Reid 2009.)

Remarks: This subgenus is phylogenetically distinct, but there is no diagnostic morphological synapomorphy ( Reid 2009). It is restricted to the Atlantic and eastern Pacific Oceans, and consists of several morphologically and phylogenetically distinct complexes of species: the porcata group (6 species in the eastern Pacific); E. peruviana ( Lamarck, 1822) ( Peru and Chile); the punctata group (3 species in the eastern Atlantic); and the ziczac group (14 species in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic) ( Reid 2009). Each group is monophyletic, but their relationships are not resolved in the most recent phylogenetic analysis ( Williams & Duda 2008). The eastern Atlantic members are the three species in the punctata group, and the sister species of E. ziczac ( Gmelin, 1791) , described below.

Since the early account by Adanson (1757) and its formal description by Gmelin (1791), E. punctata has been a well-known species in the Mediterranean and northwest Africa. Dunker (1845, 1853) introduced the name Litorina pulchella for colourful specimens from Angola, and some subsequent authors recognized this as distinct (Philippi 1847; Weinkauff 1882, 1883). Specimens from the Cape Verde Islands were usually assigned to one or other of these species, but Reeve (1857) considered them distinct (as L. guttata ). From the late nineteenth century the punctata group has widely been considered to comprise a single species ( Tryon 1887; Dautzenberg 1912; Nicklès 1950; Rosewater 1970, 1981), extending from the Mediterranean to Angola. Reid (2002) suggested on morphological grounds that three species were present and resurrected the name pulchella . This conclusion was subsequently confirmed by DNA sequence analysis ( Williams & Reid 2004; Williams & Duda 2008). In addition to the similarity of their shells, members of the E. punctata group share an unusually small first loop of the albumen gland.

Shells of the new species E. soroziczac from the islands of the Gulf of Guinea are superficially similar to those of the E. punctata group and were included with them until Reid (2002) pointed out their relationship with E. ziczac .

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Mollusca

Class

Gastropoda

Order

Littorinimorpha

Family

Littorinidae

Genus

Echinolittorina

Loc

Echinolittorina (Amerolittorina)

Reid, David G. 2011
2011
Loc

Echinolittorina (Amerolittorina)

Reid, D. G. 2009: 35
2009
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