Paralaophonte (Paralaophonte) Lang 1948

Gómez, Samuel & Nazari, Fatemeh, 2021, A new species of Paralaophonte Lang 1948 (Harpacticoida: Laophontidae), with notes on the phylogeny of the genus and its relationships with Loureirophonte Jakobi 1953 using Bayesian inference, Zootaxa 5032 (2), pp. 195-215 : 199-200

Subgenus Paralaophonte (Paralaophonte) Lang 1948 subgen. nov.

Syn.: Paralaophonte Lang 1948

urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:4A8D3DE8-B9A8-4D36-A333-10AA6C38622F

Type species. Cleta brevirostris Claus 1863 (= Paralaophonte (Paralaophonte) brevirostris ( Claus 1863) , by subsequent designation).

Other species. Paralaophonte (Paralaophonte) aenigmaticum Wells, Hicks & Coull 1982 ; Pa. (Pa.) asellopsiformis Lang 1965 ; Laophonte congenera Sars 1908 (= Pa. (Pa.) congenera congenera ( Sars 1908)) ; La. congenera mediterranea Lang 1948 (= Pa. (Pa.) congenera mediterranea ( Lang 1948)) ; La. dieuzeidei Monard 1936 (= Pa. (Pa.) dieuzeidei ( Monard 1936)) ; Pa. (Pa.) echinata Fiers 1986 ; Pa. (Pa.) galapagoensis Mielke 1981 ; La. gracilipes Brady 1910 (= Pa. (Pa.) gracilipes ( Brady 1910)) ; La. gurneyi Lang 1934 (= Pa. (Pa.) gurneyi ( Lang 1934)) ; Pa. (Pa.) harpagone Gheerardyn, Fiers, Vincx & De Troch, 2006 ; La. hyperborea Sars 1909 (= Pa. (Pa.) hyperborea ( Sars 1909)) ; Pa. (Pa.) innae Chislenko 1977 ; La. karmensis Sars 1911 (= Pa. (Pa.) karmensis ( Sars 1911)) ; Pseudonychocamptus kolarovi Apostolov, 2008 (= Pa. (Pa.) kolarovi ( Apostolov, 2008)) ; Pa. (Pa.) lacerdai, Jakobi 1953 ; La. lamellipes Nicholls 1944 (= Pa. (Pa.) lamellipes ( Nicholls 1944)) ; Pa. (Pa.) livingstoni Apostolov, 2004 ; La. longipes Scott T. 1894 (= Pa. (Pa.) longipes (Scott T. 1894)) ; La. lunata Willey 1932 (= Pa. (Pa.) lunata ( Willey 1932)) ; La. macera Sars 1908 (= Pa. (Pa.) macera ( Sars 1908)) ; Pa. (Pa.) majae Petkovski 1964 ; La. meinerti Brady 1899 (= Pa. (Pa.) meinerti ( Brady 1899)) ; Pa. (Pa.) obscura Vervoort 1962 ; La. octavia Monard 1935 (= Pa. (Pa.) octavia (Monard 1935)) ; Pa. (Pa.) ormieresi Raibaut 1968 ; Pa. (Pa.) pacifica Lang 1965 ; Pa. (Pa.) pacificaemulator Gómez & Morales-Serna, 2013 ; Pa. (Pa.) pacificavicinum Gómez & Morales-Serna, 2013 ; Pa. (Pa.) pallaresae Huys & Lee, 2009 ; Pa. (Pa.) panamensis Mielke 1982 ; La. perplexa Scott T. 1899 (= Pa. (Pa.) perplexa (Scott T. 1899)) ; Pa. (Pa.) pilosoma Vervoort 1964 ; Pa. (Pa.) problematica Mielke 1981 ; La. quaterspinata Brian 1917 (= Pa. (Pa.) quaterspinata ( Brian 1917)) ; La. royi Jakubisiak 1932 (= Pa. (Pa.) royi ( Jakubisiak 1932)) ; Pa. (Pa.) sculpta Hamond 1973 ; Pa. (Pa.) septemarticulata Chislenko 1978 ; Pa. (Pa.) spitzbergensis Mielke 1974 ; La. taurina Monard 1928 (= Pa. (Pa.) taurina ( Monard 1928)) ; La. tenera Sars 1920 (= Pa. (Pa.) tenera ( Sars 1920)) ; Pa. (Pa.) ullama sp. nov.; La. zimmeri Douwe 1929 (= Pa. (Pa.) zimmeri ( Douwe 1929)) .

Diagnosis. Laophontidae : Paralaophonte . Female antennule six- or seven-segmented; male antennule subchirocer or chirocer; second antennulary segment with or without outgrowth, the latter a spinous process or a small blunt conical protuberance when present. Mandibular palp one-segmented (basis, exopod and endopod fused) or uniramous (basis and endopod distinct; exopod fused to basis). Maxilliped subchelate; syncoxa with one to three setae, never unarmed; relative position of the maxilliped ventral or lateral (the latter only in Pa. (Pa.) harpagone ). P1 EXP two- or three-segmented; P1 ENP two-segmented, first segment elongate, longer than second segment, the latter with strong claw and small slender seta; P2–P4 EXP three-segmented; P2–P4 ENP two-segmented. P5 EXP and baseoendopod separated in both sexes, outer basal seta arising from well-developed setophore; female P5 EXP truncated or oblique. Armature formula of P1–P5 as follows:

Genital and third urosomites fused in female forming genital double-somite. Caudal rami cylindrical or lamelliform (the latter in Pa. (Pa.) aenigmaticum and Pa. (Pa.) asellopsiformis ); with seven setae; caudal setae IV and V whip-like or spiniform (the latter in Pa. (Pa.) aenigmaticum ).

Sexual dimorphism expressed in antennule, P2 ENP2 (subdistal inner seta of ENP2 thickened, with lamellar outgrowths in distal third), P3 EXP (segments and armature stronger than in the female), P5, and P6; P3 ENP with sexual dimorphism in most species (three-segmented, with apophysis on ENP2), but without sexual dimorphism in some others.