Colletes fulvipes Spinola, 1851

Ferrari, Rafael R., 2017, Taxonomic revision of the species of Colletes Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera: Colletidae: Colletinae) found in Chile, Zootaxa 4364 (1), pp. 1-137 : 59-63

Colletes fulvipes Spinola, 1851

( Figs. 28A–F )

Colletes fulvipes Spinola, 1851: 225 ; Ruiz & Stuardo 1935: 322; Toro 1986: 122, 1999: 27; Rojas & Toro 1993: 86; Moure & Urban 2002: 9; Moure et al. 2007: 681; Montalva & Ruz 2010: 21; Ascher & Pickering 2017.

Lectotype ♂ (examined) designated by Moure & Urban (2002: 9). {MNHP}.

Colletes fulpis (sic); Dalla Torre 1896: 41. Colletes flavipes (sic); Ruiz 1935: 271.

Diagnosis. The combination of pale-orange tibiae and tarsi, and metallic blue mesosoma differentiates C. fulvipes from all Colletes species found in Chile, except C. quelu . However, these species can be readily distinguished by the following combination of female features (as the male C. quelu is still unknown): body length about 12mm in C. fulvipes ( C. quelu is about 9mm long); facial and mesosomal pubescence ferruginous in C. fulvipes (pale-yellow in C. quelu ); and clypeal mid-longitudinal carina very short in C. fulvipes , restricted to the lower 1/4 of clypeus (clypeal carina very long in C. quelu , extending almost throughout, absent for upper 1/5 only).

Redescription. FEMALE ( Figs. 28A, 28C, 28E ): Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 11.2–12.1; head width 3.5–3.9; head length 2.6–2.9; intertegular distance 3.3–3.7; forewing length 7.4–8.0.

Colouration: Black except pale-orange on distal ring of front and mid femora, tibiae, tarsi, distal half of hind femur, proximal half of tarsal claws, stigma, wing veins enclosing marginal cell. Reddish-brown on distal half of tarsal claws; marked on distal 1/3 of mandible. Dark-orange on apical ring of pedicel and flagellum ventrally. Paleorange on tibial spurs, tegula, wing veins (except those enclosing marginal cell). Metallic-blue on T1–T5 (with purple and blueish-green reflections on discs). Metallic dark-blue on mesoscutal disc, metasomal sterna.

Structure: Labrum medially convex; convexity not margined by ridges. Clypeal mid-longitudinal area neither depressed nor carinate; adjacent lateral area convex; apicomedial ridge present. Malar area subequal to basal depth of mandible (34:32). F1 ~1.5x as long as its apical width (56:38). UID:LID (83:76). Genal area flat behind upper summit of compound eyes in lateral view. Dorsolateral angle of pronotum triangular acute. Horizontal surface of metapostnotum ~0.4x as long as metanotum (26:62); propodeal pits well-delimited; posterior transverse carina sinuous and narrowly interrupted medially. Posteromedial surface of front coxa without spine. Posterior hind tibial spur ciliate. Hind basitarsus 3.2x longer than broad (58:18). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws 4x as long as inner rami (32:8). Posterolateral area of S6 flat and lacking carina; marginal zone depressed.

Pubescence: Ferruginous, plumose, erect, long on lateral slopes of supraclypeal area, interantennal, upper paraocular, frontal and vertexal (behind lateral ocellus) areas, pronotal lobe, mesoscutum, scutellum; such hairs very long on metanotum, upper margin of lateral surface of propodeum. Black, plumose, erect, long on lower paraocular area, upper genal area, lateral surface of propodeum, T1; such hairs very long on lower genal area, mesepisternum, metepisternum, ventral surface of front and mid coxae, trochanters. Pale-yellow, very long hairs, which are branched only apically on anterior surface of hind femur and tibia. Fulvous, erect, moderately long setae on mandible, clypeal mid-longitudinal area, posterior surface of front coxa, ventral surface of front trochanter, dorsal surface of mid tibia. Ferruginous, suberect, moderately long setae on dorsal surface of mid and hind basitarsi and hind tibia; such hairs erect, very long on posterior margin of mid and hind basitarsi. Pale-orange, moderately short, thick setae on ventral surface of mid and hind tarsi; thickest towards distal margin. Black, erect, moderately short setae on T2–T5 (except longer on T4–T5 laterally), S2–S6.

Surface sculpture: Clypeal mid-longitudinal area densely and moderately finely punctate; lower 1/5 longitudinally striate. Supraclypeal area impunctate and imbricate (except smooth upper 1/5). Malar area substrigulate on lower 1/5; costulate elsewhere. Vertexal interspaces rugulose but somewhat shiny. Mesoscutum moderately coarsely punctate; very densely punctate on anterior and lateral areas; moderately sparsely punctate on disc and posterior margin; interspaces smooth and shiny throughout. Scutellum moderately coarsely and densely punctate on disc; denser and finer on posterior margin. Metanotal punctation difficult to discern from the dull rugulose interspaces. Mesepisternum evenly densely and moderately coarsely punctate; interspaces imbricate. Metepisternum obliquely striate medially; rugulose above and below. Lateral surface of propodeum sparsely and finely punctate; interspaces imbricate. Vertical surface of metapostnotum rugulose medially. Metasomal terga very finely punctate; moderately dense on T1; dense on T2–T5; interspaces smooth throughout.

MALE ( Figs. 28B, 28D, 28F ). As in female, except for usual secondary sexual characteristics and as follows:

Dimensions (mm): Approximate body length 8.6–9.2; head width 3.1–3.4; head length 2.2–2.4; intertegular distance 2.2–2.5; forewing length 6.6–7.0.

Colouration: Mid 2/4 of dorsal surface of front tibia dark-brown. Stigma, wing veins enclosing marginal cell pale-orange. Ventral surface of antenna, mid 1/3 of hind femur black.

Structure: Clypeal lower mid-longitudinal area slightly swollen but lacking ridges. Malar area 1.75x as long as basal depth of mandible (42:24). F1 ~1.3x as long as its apical width (38:30). UID:LID (88:76). Genal area concave behind upper summit of compound eyes in lateral view. Horizontal surface of metapostnotum ~0.4x as long as metanotum (26:64). Hind basitarsus ~3.2x longer than broad (55:17). Outer rami of hind tarsal claws ~1.7x as long as inner rami (20:12). Marginal zone of S6 not depressed. S7, S8 and genital capsule as in Figs. 29A, 29B, 29C , respectively.

Pubescence: Ferruginous on mesepisternum, metepisternum, lateral surface of propodeum, T1 ferruginous. Pale-yellow on face (except paraocular area), genal area (near proboscidial fossa), trochanters, anterior surface of front femur and tibia, ventral margin of mid femur. Fulvous, plumose, moderately long on T2.

Surface sculpture: Clypeal mid-longitudinal depression punctures crowded. Supraclypeal area with very sparse moderately coarse punctures. Mesoscutal mid-posterior area sparsely punctate. Mesepisternum densely punctate. T1interspaces rugulose.

Material studied. Primary type specimen: Lectotype ♂ —“ MUSEUM PARIS; CHILI; GAY 15-43 ”. “♂”.

“288”. “TYPE”. “ Colletes ; fulvipes ; ♀ Spin”. “LECTOTYPE; Colletes fulvipes ♂; Spinola, 1851; labelled R. Ferrari, 2017”. {MNHP}.

Additional specimens: ARGENTINA—Río Negro: El Bolsón, (-41.965, -71.544), 315m, x/1943, [A.Prosen], 1♂, {KUNHM}. CHILE—Region Metropolitana: E of El Volcan, (-33.828, -70.043), 1969m, 31/xii/2012, [Packer & Smith], 1♀, {PCYU}. Farellones, (-33.340, -70.291), 2700m, 2/i/1985, [L.Peña], 1♂, {AMNH}; idem, except 21/xii/1988, 1♀. Highway G- 455 km 18.1, (-33.694, -70.112), 2333m, 26/ii/2013, [Postlethwaite & Monckton], 1♀, {PCYU}. Río Blanco , 15/xi/1969, [H.Toro], 1♀, { PUCV}. SE of San José de Maipo, 1900m , 4/ii/ 1984, [L.Peña], 1♀, {AMNH}. Region VI: La Correana, 1400m, 16/ii/1977, [L.Peña], 1♀, {AMNH}. Las Cabras, 1400m, [L.Peña], 2♀♀ 1♂, { KUNHM}. Region VII: El Planchón, (-34.149, -70.530), 1149m , 1/ii/2003, [A.Ugarte], 1♀, { PCYU}. Laguna del Maule, (-36.020, -70.499), 2353m , 5/i/2009, [L.Packer], 2♀♀, {PCYU}. Region VIII: Las Trancas, (-36.913, -71.500), 1225m, 14/xii/1993, [Wood & Wood], 1♀, {CNC}. Shangri-la, 1650m, 19/i/1979, [L.Peña], 2♀♀1♂, {AMNH}. Termas de Chillán , (-36.909, -71.418), 1561m, 14/i/1993, 1♂, { PUCV}; idem, except 11/xii/2006, [L.Packer], 1♀ . Region IX: Cordillera de las Raices, (-38.523, -71.506), 1100m, 19/xii/1976, [L.Peña], 2♀♀, { AMNH}; idem, except 13/ii/1980, 1♂ . Passo de Pino Hachado , 1800m , [L.Peña], 1♀, { AMNH}. Questa las Raices , (-38.436, -71.507), 1260m , 4/i/2013, [Packer & Smith], 1♂, {PCYU}.

Range. Argentina (Río Negro), Chile (Regions Metropolitana–IX). See also Fig. 30A .

Biogeographic distribution. Andean region: Central Chilean sub-region (Coquimban and Santiagan provinces); Subantarctic sub-region (Maule province); Patagonian sub-region (Patagonian province). Central Chilean and western Argentinean species distributed at altitudes of 300–2700m a.s.l.

DNA barcode. Available. BOLD: AAO3473 (3♀♀1♂). Distance from the nearest neighbours: 2.8–3.13% ( C. flaminii ) and 3.53–3.69% ( C. chusmiza ).

Floral hosts. Leguminosae— Adesmia emarginata Clos ( Ruiz 1944) .

Comments. Uncommon species distributed in central Chile, but also found in Argentina. Toro (1999) recorded C. fulvipes as far south as Aisén (Region XI), however this could not be verified.

Unlike all the other type specimens of the Chilean Colletes species described by Spinola—which are deposited at the MRSN—the lectotype of C. fulvipes is currently deposited at the MNHP. Unfortunately, this specimen’s head is much damaged likely due to attack by dermestid beetles; however, the most important diagnostic characters for the species (i.e. the legs and metasoma) are in good condition. As noted in the “Material studied” section (see above), Spinola identified the specimen as a female, although an apparently older label correctly indicates that it is a male. The female C. fulvipes is here described for the first time, as only the male was known to Spinola at the time the species was described.

Figures

FIGURE 29.Dorsal view of the male terminalia of C. fulvipes. (A) S7; (B) S8; (C) genital capsule.Scale bars = 1mm.

FIGURE 30. Geographic distribution by Colletes species. (A) C. gilvus and C. fulvipes; (B) C. murinus and C. kuhlmanni n. sp.; (C) C. mastochila and C. lucens. Scale bars approximately 300 km.

FIGURE28.Colletes fulvipes Spinola, 1851. Female:(A) habitus, lateral view; (C)face, frontal view; (E)habitus,dorsal view. Male:(B) habitus, lateral view; (D)face, frontal view; (F) habitus, dorsal view.Scale bars = 2mm.