Schultesia bahiensis Guimarães & Fontella (2001: 260)

Tanajura, Jéssica Leão Barbosa, Pinho, Carolina Santos, Silva, Rilquer Mascarenhas Da & Carvalho, Maria Luiza Silveira De, 2021, Integrative assessment of the floristic diversity of Gentianaceae in an area of campo rupestre of the Espinhaço Range in the state of Bahia, northeastern Brazil, Phytotaxa 500 (2), pp. 61-94 : 74

Schultesia bahiensis Guimarães & Fontella (2001: 260) Fig. 2F .

Herbs, 15–50 cm tall. Branches green, cylindrical, costate. Leaves opposite, sessile, discolorous, blades 1.3–2 × 0.6–1 cm, elliptical to narrowly ovate, chartaceous, glabrous, at base attenuate, at apex acute, at margin entire. Inflorescence in terminal cymes, 1-flowered, peduncle 4–10 cm. Flowers homostylous, 4-merous, pedicel 0.2–0.5 cm; calyx 1.4–1.9 × 0.6–0.8 cm, green, winged, not keeled, tubular, glabrous; corolla yellowish, infundibuliform, tube 1.6–2.3 × 0.6–1.1 cm, lobes 1–1.8 × 1.9–3.2 cm, obovate at base, retuse at apex; stamens 1.5–2.7 cm, isodynamous, adnate, conation 0.7–1.1 cm, anthers basifixed; ovary 1–1.2 × 0.2–0.6, style ca. 2 cm, stigma bilobed. Fruit septifragal capsule.

Habitat and distribution:— Schultesia bahiensis is endemic to Bahia ( Guimarães & Pereira 2001, Siqueira et al. 2014, Calió et al. 2015), occurring in Chapada Diamantina in the cities of Abaíra, Barra da Estiva, Ibicoara, Inubia, Jacobina, Lençóis, Morro do Chapéu, Mucugê, Palmeiras, Piatã, Rio de Contas and Utinga in areas of “campo rupestre”, “gallery forests” and Cerrado, usually at altitudes above 800 meters ( Siqueira et al. 2014). It is considered a rare species ( Calió & Guimarães 2009). Our analysis of distribution modeling pointed out low suitability in areas other than next the region of the locations already recognized in the aforementioned literature, and moderate suitability for occurrence to the north of the Bahia portion of the ER, without extrapolations to the southern strip of the ER ( Fig. 1 , Fig. 2D , Fig. 4D , Appendix 1).

Comments:—It can be identified and differentiated from Schultesia crenuliflora by the chartaceous leaves (vs. coriaceous leaves), and generally larger than internodes (vs. almost always smaller than internodes) and the corolla with longer tube. It can be collected with flowers and fruits throughout the year ( Siqueira et al. 2014). Unlike this study, another taxonomic study points to a greater amount of flowers in its inflorescence, with up to 14 flowers ( Siqueira et al. 2014).

Specimens examined:— BRAZIL. Bahia: Mucugê, Trilha do Tiburtino , 18. June 2018, fl., M . L .S. Carvalho et al. 603 ( ALCB!); Caminho da estufa, depois da subida da garagem, 05 June 2006, fl., A . G . Coelho 1 ( HUEFS!); 29 July 2005, fl. & fr., A . Ferreira-Silva 28 ( HUEFS!); November 2010, fl., A . F .P. Machado 1001 ( HUEFS!); Sede do Parque Municipal de Mucugê, caminho para Tiburtino , 14 February 2002, fl., E . C . Oliveira 21 ( HUEFS!); 31 December 2011, fl. & fr., R . P . Oliveira 1918 ( HUEFS!); Trilha da Cachoeira do Piabinha , 25 January 2003, fl., N . Roque & Alunos de Botânica IIII ( ALCB!); Corda do rio, 11 December 2003, fl., N . Roque et al. ( ALCB!); 25 December 2008, fl., N . Roque & Alunos de Botânica IIII 1871 ( ALCB!); Beira do Rio Tomboro , 24 December 2000, fl., E . R . de Souza et al. 90 ( HUEFS!, HUFSJ) .

Figures

FIGURE 1. Parque Municipal de Mucugê—Projeto Sempre Viva (PMM), Bahia, Brazil. Map of the study area, evidencing the location of PMM and other areas of the Espinhaço Range (ER) used for comparison in this study (A), “campo rupestre” phytophysiognomy (B). Photo B by Ariane Leite. Legend: (Lilac area) ER above 1000 m a.s.l.

FIGURE 2. Maps of occurrence with localities used for the species distribution modeling, showing the study area location within South America. Curtia diffusa (A), Macrocarpaea illecebrosa (B), Prepusa montana (C), Schultesia bahiensis (D), Schultesia crenuliflora (E), Schultesia minensis (F), Schultesia pachyphylla (G).

FIGURE 4. Maps of environmental suitability of native/endemic species of Gentianaceae in the Espinhaço Range (ER): Curtia diffusa (A), Macrocarpaea illecebrosa (B), Prepusa montana (C), Schultesia bahiensis (D), Schultesia crenuliflora (E), Schultesia minensis (F), Schultesia pachyphylla (G).