Paratanais caterae, Bird & Bamber, 2013

BIRD, GRAHAM J. & BAMBER, ROGER N., 2013, New littoral, shelf, and bathyal Paratanaidae (Crustacea: Peracarida: Tanaidacea) from New Zealand, with descriptions of three new genera, Zootaxa 3676 (1), pp. 1-71 : 23-24

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.3676.1.1
publication LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:pub:7AB2D8F5-62F2-46D1-BDE4-BF91D6513797
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/93A7DAB1-FC56-4794-99DD-513835D084C7
taxon LSID	lsid:zoobank.org:act:93A7DAB1-FC56-4794-99DD-513835D084C7
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Paratanais caterae
status	sp. nov.

Treatment

Paratanais caterae View in CoL sp. nov.

Figures 10–16 View FIGURE 10 View FIGURE 12 View FIGURE 14 View FIGURE 15 View FIGURE 16 , 36L, Q–R, X View FIGURE 36

Material examined. Holotype: ovigerous ♀, CR.23398, Stn GJB:RW/25-11, Te Raekaihau Point, East of Houghton Bay , Wellington, ELWS, Caulerpa geminata Harvey washing, 41.3465°S, 174.7916°E, 20 March 2011. GoogleMaps

Allotype: swimming ♂, CR.23399, Stn GJB/47-11, Point Halswell, Miramar Peninsula , Wellington, ELWS, Carpophyllum , 41.2839°S, 174.8260°E, 1 September 2011. GoogleMaps

Paratypes: one manca-III, nine non-ovigerous ♀♀, two ov. ♀♀, one partly dissected on microslide CR.23400, Stn GJB:RW/17-11, bay on Kaitawa headland, Whitireia Park , Porirua , ELWS, mixed algal turf and holdfasts, 41.0907°S, 174.8538°E, 20 February 2011 GoogleMaps ; one non-ov. ♀, one ov. ♀ CR.23401, latter partly dissected on microslide CR.23401/1, Stn GJB:RW/24-11, Te Raekaihau Point, E of Houghton Bay, Wellington, ELWS, Cystophora wash, 41.3465°S, 174.7916°E, 20 March 2011 GoogleMaps ; five non-ov. ♀♀, two ov. ♀♀, CR.23402, Stn GJB:RW/25-11, details as for holotype; one non-ov. ♀, CR.23403, Stn GJB/42-11, Old Quarry Bay , Wellington south coast, ELWS, Cystophora , 41.3483°S, 174.7417°E, 31 August 2011 GoogleMaps ; two non-ov. ♀♀, CR.23404, Stn GJB/ 44-11, Old Quarry Bay , Wellington south coast, ELWS, washed stones/gravel, 41.3483°S, 174.7417°E, 31 August 2011 GoogleMaps ; two manca-III, 85 non-ov. ♀, one ov. ♀, one post-ov. ♀, four preparatory ♂♂ (?), five ♂♂ [one partly dissected on microslide CR.23405], Stn GJB/47-11, details as for allotype; nine non-ov. ♀♀, one ♂, Stn GJB/9-12, bay on Kaitawa headland, Whitireia Park , Porirua , ELWS, algal scrapes [not Corallina ], 41.0893°S, 174.8504°E, 8 April 2012 GoogleMaps ; four non-ov. ♀♀, CR.23406, Stn GJB/21-12, Point Halswell, Miramar Peninsula , Wellington, ELWS, algal encrusts, 41.2839°S, 174.8260°E, 2 August 2012 GoogleMaps ; one non-ov. ♀ [fragment], NIWA 27338 View Materials , Stn Z. 15252, Island Bay , Wellington, intertidal, 41.3448°S, 174.7758°E, 1 August 1950, coll. J. G. Gibbs. GoogleMaps

Diagnosis. Female: with pleon as long as pereonites 5–6 combined. Antennule with cap-like terminal segment. Antenna article-2 distally expanded, with small pedestal-based inferodistal seta, with small lateral seta; article-3 superior spine acute. Mandible lacinia mobilis with crenulated distal margin. Maxilliped palp article-2 with specialised serrulate medial seta; endite spines rounded. Cheliped basis longer than broad; palm with sinuate spine near dactylus; dactylus with inferior peg-like spine. Pereopod-1 basis with superoproximal seta; merus three times ltb. Pereopods 2–3 basis with superoproximal seta. Pereopods 2–6 carpal and meral spines coarsely serrate; Pereopods 4–6 merus without seta. Uropod shorter than pleotelson, endopod one-segmented, as long as or shorter than peduncle, exopod one-segmented, small.

Etymology. Named for Ruth Cater, who “ was a long-time resident of Titahi Bay, active in the community and passionate about the beach. She was a member of the Titahi Bay Residents Association, and the Titahi Bay Beach Reserves Management Plan working group. She helped us advocate for the protection of the plants unique to the area. She died earlier this year [2011], about the time that the [Mana] BioBlitz was underway ” (courtesy of Christine Jacobson—see Acknowledgments).

Description. Female: Habitus ( Figs 10A–B View FIGURE 10 , 14 D,F View FIGURE 14 ) fairly stout to fairly slender, 5.3–6.6 times ltb [depending on relaxed-contracted state), length 1.3–3.7 mm (ovigerous females 2.5–3.0 mm); off-white, some individuals with pigment patches posterior to eyelobes. Cephalothorax longer than pereonites 1–2 combined, 1.1 times ltb, subhexagonal. Pereon usually with distinct and wide interpereonal gaps, pereonites 2 and 6 subequal, pereonites 3–5 longest, subequal; pereonite-1 with four anterior setae. Pleon longer than broad, 20% of body length; smallest individuals lack simple epimeral setae on pleonites 1–4. Pleotelson ( Fig. 10D View FIGURE 10 ) about as long as pleonites 5–6.

Antennule (Fig. 11A) three-quarters length of cephalothorax; article-1 stout, 1.9 times ltb, about 50% of total length; cap-like segment present. Antenna (Fig. 11B) article-2 distal width 1.6 times basal width, superodistal seta as long as article-3; article-4 twice as long as article-3; article-6 with three setae, one long and complex (distally serrate and formed of fusion of two setae?).

Labrum ( Fig. 12A View FIGURE 12 ) typical, but small, only half length of mandible. Mandibles ( Fig. 12B–F View FIGURE 12 ) typical; left mandible molar with about six spines; right mandible incisor weakly bifid. Labium ( Fig. 12G View FIGURE 12 ) distolateral margin with small group of setae longer than rest. Maxillule ( Fig. 12H View FIGURE 12 ) with nine terminal spines. Maxilla not observed. Maxilliped ( Fig. 12J–M View FIGURE 12 ) bases twice as long as broad (mid-length), unfused in distal third, with long seta overreaching palp article-1; palp article-2 with modified medial seta ( Figs 12N View FIGURE 12 , 36R View FIGURE 36 ), with most proximal setules held perpendicular to shaft, on oral aspect; one of five terminal setae of article-4 half size of others. Epignath not as carpus, palm almost twice as long as broad, medial comb with three spines; fixed finger short, 0.21 times as long as chela, distal tooth broad, weakly bifid; dactylus with peg-like spine on incisive margin.

Pereopod-1 (Fig. 13A–B) basis 3.7 times ltb; merus with small stiff superior seta and two inferior setae; carpus 0.7 times as long as merus, with four distal setae; propodus longer than merus; dactylus-unguis combined about two-thirds length of propodus. Pereopod-2 (Figs 13C, 36Q) 0.7 times length of pereopod-1; basis stout, 2.5 times ltb; merus with one stiff and one simple inferodistal seta; carpus slightly longer than merus; propodus 2.75 times ltb, with two unequal superodistal seta; dactylus-unguis combined slightly shorter than propodus. Pereopod-3 (Fig. 13D) similar to pereopod-2, but slightly shorter and 0.6 times length of pereopod-1; carpus inferodistal spine longer and narrower than other two.

Pereopod-4 (Figs 13E, 36Q) basis only slightly wider than pereopod-3; merus with inferior spinulation; propodus slightly longer than carpus, superodistal spine longer than dactylus; dactylus with distal row of setules. Pereopod-5 (Fig. 13F) similar to pereopod-4, but slightly longer. Pereopod-6 (Figs 13G, 36X) typical, similarly proportioned to pereopod-5.

Pleopod ( Fig. 12O View FIGURE 12 ) endopod lateral margin with about seventeen plumose setae, medial margin setulate; exopod with about 24 plumose setae.

Uropod ( Figs 10E View FIGURE 10 , 14E,G View FIGURE 14 ) stout; peduncle slightly longer than broad; endopod just shorter than peduncle, segment-2 with five setae and one or two PSS; exopod two-thirds length of segment-1 of endopod, one third length of peduncle.

Manca-III: Habitus ( Fig. 14A View FIGURE 14 ) fairly stout, 5.1 times ltb, length 0.99–1.18 mm. Pleon ( Fig. 14B View FIGURE 14 ) with epimeral setae only on pleonite-5. Pereopod-6 and pleopods rudimentary (non-articulated, naked). Uropod ( Fig. 14C View FIGURE 14 ) endopod one-segmented, without PSS.

Male: Habitus ( Fig. 15A View FIGURE 15 ) typical, 4.4 times ltb, length 1.77–2.10 mm. Cephalothorax pear-shaped, eyes about a third length of cephalothorax. Pereonite-1 shortest, pereonites 2–4 subequal, pereonites 5–6 slightly longer. Pleon 25% of body length. Pleotelson ( Fig. 15B View FIGURE 15 ) with projecting apex.

Antennule ( Fig. 15C View FIGURE 15 ) flagellum five-segmented, segment-1 very short with about 20 aesthetascs; segment-2 longest; segments 3–4 progressively smaller, all with inferior bundle of aesthetascs, segment-4 with stiff distal seta; segment-5 short, with two stiff setae, two long setae and aesthetasc. Antenna. Similar to that of female.

Mouthparts largely reduced; epistome ( Fig. 15D View FIGURE 15 ) conical; maxilliped ( Fig. 15E–F View FIGURE 15 ) endite narrower than that of female, lateral margins smooth, palp setae more slender, article-4 without medial setules.

Cheliped ( Fig. 15G View FIGURE 15 ) typically dimorphic, stouter than female; chela longer than carpus, palm almost twice as long as fixed finger; fixed finger and dactylus with crenulate incisive margin, dactylus with two peg-like spines.

Pereopod-1 ( Fig. 16A View FIGURE 16 ) similar to that of female but carpus without long superodistal seta; dactylus- unguis combined proportionately shorter. Pereopod-2 ( Fig. 16B View FIGURE 16 ) similar to female but carpal spines weaker and less serrate; dactylus-unguis combined shorter. Pereopod-3 (not figured) similar to pereopod-2.

Pereopod-4 ( Fig. 16C View FIGURE 16 ) similar to that of female but carpus, propodus, and dactylus longer; carpus without inferior spinules; pectination of spines weaker. Pereopod-5 (not figured), similar to pereopod-4. Pereopod-6 ( Fig. 16D View FIGURE 16 ) similar to pereopod-4 but carpus without superior PSS, propodus with three superodistal spines and dactylus slightly more robust and setulate.

Pleopod (not figured) typical.

Uropod ( Fig. 16E View FIGURE 16 ) similar to that of female but endopod segment-2 with one very long setae.

Distribution and ecology. Paratanais caterae sp.nov. has been recorded from the Wellington-Cook Strait region in a variety of intertidal habitats, including the green alga Caulerpa sedoides f. geminata (Harvey) Webervan Bosse , the foliose brown Cystophora torulosa (R. Brown ex Turner) J. Agardh , and several species of fucoid Carpophyllum Greville. The holdfasts of the last appear to be a favoured habitat. It may be found sympatrically with Paratanais paraoa (see below).

Remarks. The females of Paratanais caterae are among the easiest of the taxa described in this paper to identify, and are best recognised by the combination of the stout uropods, short-fingered cheliped, and heavily serrate pereopodal spines. The antennal article-2 inferior seta is distal on a small apophysis, distinct from other NZ Paratanais species. The unusual maxilliped palp article-2 medial seta appears not to be homologous with that of Atemtanais or Aparatanais , being neither robust nor with aboral pectinations. The male is similar to that of P.