Paratanais paraoa Bird, 2011

BIRD, GRAHAM J. & BAMBER, ROGER N., 2013, New littoral, shelf, and bathyal Paratanaidae (Crustacea: Peracarida: Tanaidacea) from New Zealand, with descriptions of three new genera, Zootaxa 3676 (1), pp. 1-71 : 43-46

Paratanais paraoa Bird, 2011

Figures 25–26

Paratanais paraoa: Bird (2011) : 34 –41, figs 18–22.

Material examined. One non-ovigerous ♀, CR.21817, Stn Cooper-A26, Evans Bay, Wellington Harbour, 9–15.5 m, 41.2908°S, 174.8072°E 1966; six non-ov. ♀♀, CR.23407, Stn Cooper, East of Ward Island, Wellington Harbour clumps of weed, July 1966?; one manca-II, one non-ov. ♀, Stn GJB/2-11, Blackpool Bay, Waiheke Island, LW, Corallina-Hormosira on sandy rock & boulders, 36.7925°S, 175.0172°E, 5 January 2011; three manca-II, two manca-III, ten non-ov. ♀♀, Stn GJB/7-11, Omiha Bay, Waiheke Island, LW, silt among Corallina-Hormosira and stones, 36.8201°S, 175.0596°E, 7 January 2011; two manca-III, eleven non-ov. ♀♀, one post-ov. ♀, CR.23408, Stn GJB/8-11, Omiha Bay, Waiheke Island, LW, silt among Corallina-Hormosira and stones, 36.8201°S, 175.0596°E, 7 January 2011; one non-ov. ♀, Stn GJB:RW/26-11, Wahine Park Reserve foreshore, Wellington, LWS, stones and gravel wash, 41.3437°S, 174.8219°E, 20 March 2011; four non-ov. ♀♀, CR.23409, Stn GJB:RW/29-11, N end of Worser Bay, Karaka Bays, Wellington, LWS, Colpomenia mat, 41.3084°S, 174.8325°E, 20 March 2011; one manca-II, Stn GJB:RW/30-11, N end of Worser Bay, Karaka Bays, Wellington, LWS, Pomatoceros encrust, 41.3084°S, 174.8325°E, 20 March 2011; seven non-ov. ♀♀, one ♀, Stn GJB/45-11, Point Halswell, Miramar Peninsula, Wellington, ELWS, Corallina , 41.2839°S, 174.8260°E, 1 September 2011; two non-ov. ♀♀, GJB/47-11, Point Halswell, Miramar Peninsula, Wellington, ELWS, Carpophyllum , 41.2839°S, 174.8260°E, 1 September 2011; one manca-III, one non-ov. ♀, one ♀, Stn GJB/49-11, Kau Bay, Miramar Peninsula, Wellington, ELWS, algal encrusts/holdfasts ( Codium , filamentous reds, Corallina , Undaria , etc.) on stones, 41.2888°S, 174.8332°E, 1 September 2011; 44 manca-II, 77 manca-III, two non-ov. ♀♀, Stn GJB/1-12, Waima, Tokomaru Bay, Eastland, LWS, silt with Corallina on flat bedrock, 38.1092°S, 178.3443°E, 12 January 2012; 247 non-ov. ♀♀, 27 ov. ♀♀, 13 ♂♂, Stn GJB/2-12, Waima, Tokomaru Bay, Eastland, LWS, Corallina , outer reef, 38.1100°S, 178.3465°E, 12 January 2012; one ov. ♀, one ♂, Stn GJB/3-12, Waima, Tokomaru Bay, Eastland, LWS, Cystophora wash, outer reef, 38.1100°S, 178.3465°E, 12 January 2012; three manca-III, 15 non-ov. ♀♀, three ov. ♀♀, CR.23410, Stn GJB/ 4-12, Waima, Tokomaru Bay, Eastland, LWS, Carpophyllum plumosum holdfasts, outer reef, 38.1100°S, 178.3465°E, 12 January 2012; four non-ov. ♀♀, two ♂♂ [one partly dissected on microslide], Stn GJB/5-12, Waima wharf, Tokomaru Bay, Eastland, LWS, silt on flat bedrock, 38.1064°S, 178.3525°E, 13 January 2012; one ♀♀, one ov. ♀, one post-ov. ♀, Stn GJB/7-12, Ongaruru beach, Tokomaru Bay, Eastland, LWS, sand with Corallina , Cladostephus, Microzonaria , etc on rocks, 38.1492°S, 178.3217°E, 15 January 2012; one manca-III, two non-ov. ♀♀, Stn GJB/9-12, bay on Kaitawa headland, Whitireia Park, Porirua, ELWS, algal scrapes [not Corallina ], 41.0893°S, 174.8504°E, 8 April 2012; one ov. ♀, Stn GJB/10-12, bay on Kaitawa headland, Whitireia Park, Porirua, ELWS, Corallina turf, 41.0893°S, 174.8504°E, 8 April 2012; one manca-III, thirteen non-ov. ♀♀, Stn GJB/21-12, Point Halswell, Miramar Peninsula, Wellington, ELWS, algal encrusts, 41.2839°S, 174.8260°E, 2 August 2012; one non-ov. ♀, one ♂, Stn GJB/32-12, Plimmerton, LWS, boat ramp, mixed algal turf, 41.0745°S 174.8552°E, 15 December 2012; four non-ov. ♀♀, Stn GJB/34-12, Plimmerton, LWS, leeward of boat club, Undaria holdfasts, 41.0745°S 174.8562°E, 15 December 2012; two non-ov. ♀♀, Stn GJB/1-13, Mount Maunganui, Tauranga, Bay of Plenty, LWS, Corallina -mytilid sand turf [exposed], 37.6289°S 176.1765°E, 1 January 2013; one manca-III, six non-ov. ♀♀, Stn GJB/2-13, Mount Maunganui, LWS, Corallina turf (sheltered), 37.6287°S 176.1765°E, 1 January 2013; one non-ov. ♀, Mount Maunganui, LWS, ‘ Gracilaria ’ turf on boulders, 37.6289°S 176.1765°E, 1 January 2013.

Remarks. New records of this species have been obtained from the Wellington region, the Wairarapa coast, Tokomaru Bay, western Bay of Plenty, and Waiheke Island from a variety of rocky shore habitats: under stones, in serpulid encrustations (usually Pomatoceros caeruleus (Schmarda)) , washings from Carpophyllum fucoids, among mats of the sac-like brown alga Colpomenia (Endlicher) Derbès & Solier , silt-covered bedrock, in the holdfast of the adventive Japanese alga Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar and in silty stands of Corallina Linnaeus and Hormosira banksii (Turner) Descaisne. It has also been found sympatrically with Paratanais caterae and Aparatanais timutimu among algae. The size ranges for various stages given by Bird (op.cit.) have to be modified: manca-II 0.8–1.0 mm; females 2.4–3.3 mm. The male mouthparts were not described by Bird (op.cit.) but are shown here, based on a specimen from Tokomaru Bay ( Fig. 25 ); they closely resemble those of the paratanaid male (species unknown) described by Sieg (1986b: fig.35) from Tierra del Fuego, but may be regarded as broadly representative of Paratanais species.

Since the original description of this species, the additional material from northern NZ at Tokomaru Bay and Waiheke Island has complicated the view of its identity and it is very similar in many respects to a new species, Paratanais puia , see below. As drawn for the holotype, the antenna article-2 of P. paraoa is distinctly inflated, the superodistal seta is relatively short, and the article-3 spine is stout ( Fig. 26A ; Bird 2011: fig.18f). However, there is variation in these characters and most specimens from Kaikoura northwards, through Cook Strait ( Fig. 26B–C ), Tokomaru Bay ( Fig. 26D, G ), and Waiheke Island ( Fig. 26H ) actually have longer setae and more acute spines. Additionally, smaller specimens tend to have one-segmented uropod exopods, rather than two-segmented.

Figures

FIGURE 25. Paratanais paraoa. Male from Tokomaru Bay (Stn GJB/5-12): A antennule; B epistome (arrowed) and labrum, lateral; C maxilliped (palps omitted), and maxilla; D maxilliped endite full profile; E maxilliped palp; F chela [right]; G cheliped propodus [left] medial comb. Scale bar: 0.25 mm.

FIGURE 26. Paratanais paraoa. Variation in antennae (non-ovigerous females). A paratype, Kaikoura; B–C Miramar Peninsula, Wellington (Stns GJB/45-11 and GJB-RW/29-11); D–G Tokomaru Bay (Stn GJB/2-12); H Waiheke Island (Stn GJB/ 8-11). Scale bar: 0.25 mm.