Cyrtandromoea grandiflora C.B. Clarke (1883: 186)

Quang, Bui Hong, Bach, Tran The, Hai, Do Van, Hoan, Duong Thi, Huong, Nguyen Thi Thanh, Han, Le Ngoc & Nuraliev, Maxim S., 2023, Cyrtandromoea grandiflora, a new generic record for Vietnam, and a key to Vietnamese Phrymaceae, Phytotaxa 591 (2), pp. 147-154 : 148

Cyrtandromoea grandiflora C.B. Clarke (1883: 186) ( Fig. 1 , 2 )

Literature: — Clarke (1885: 371), Barnett (1962: 210), Burtt (1965: 86), Yamazaki (1990: 155, Fig. 44), Tao et al. (1995: 157, Fig. 2 ), Hong et al. (1998: 45), Kress et al. (2003: 368), IUCN (2013: 171).

TYPE: — BURMA [ MYANMAR]. Moulmein , s.d., Lobb T. s.n. (holotype: K: K001392709 photo!) .

Image of holotype available at: http://specimens.kew.org/herbarium/ K001392709

Notes:—The protologue of C. grandiflora ( Clarke 1883: 186) states the type location and type gathering as “Peninsula Malayana; Moulmein (Lobb in h. Kew)”. Clarke apparently indicated the Malay Peninsula by a mistake, which follows also from his later treatment ( Clarke 1885) describing the species to be known from “Tenasserim: at Moulmein”.

Additional specimens examined:— LAOS. Sainyabuli Province : Sainyabuli District, Mekong River, Na Konken village sacred forest, Huay Gawn Goy stream, shaded embankment along stream, primary evergreen seasonal hardwood forest, shale bedrock, 300 m, 29 April 2012, Maxwell J. F . 12-158 ( L: L.4320270). VIETNAM. Lai Chau Province : Muong Te District, Bum To Commune , wet place at roadside, 22°22’02.2’’N 102°46’48.4’’E, elev. 342 m, 23 May 2018, Bui H. Q . 217 ( HN); Lai Chau Province : Muong Te District, Pa U Commune , wet place at roadside, 22°33’23.8’’N 102°41’01.6’’E, elev. 1342 m, 27 May 2018, Bach T. T ., Bui H. Q ., Binh T . D., Son D. H ., Thuong V. A. VK 7170 ( HN, MW) ; Dien Bien Province: Muong Nhe District, Leng Su Sin Commune, Muong Nhe Nature Reserve , wet place in evergreen mountain forest, 22°19’40.5”N 102°22’44.8”E, elev. ca. 584 m, 22 April 2021, Bach T. T ., Bui H. Q ., Hai D. V ., Han N. L ., Hoan D. T ., Binh T . D., Thuong V. A. DB 2204202101 ( HN) .

Distribution:— Cyrtandromoea grandiflora is known in Myanmar (Mon), Thailand (Chiang Mai, Ratchaburi), China (NW and S Yunnan), Laos (Sainyabuli), Vietnam (Dien Bien Province: Muong Nhe Nature Reserve and Lai Chau Province: Muong Te District), Indonesia (Sumatra). The distribution of C. grandiflora in Vietnam is presented in Fig. 3 .

Ecology and phenology:— Cyrtandromoea grandiflora inhabits evergreen forests at elevations of 275–1800 m a.s.l. In each of the three Vietnamese locations, only several individuals were observed. Flowering: March–October; fruiting: August–October.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Cyrtandromoea grandiflora. A, B. Branches with inflorescences. C. Inflorescence on herbaceous stem. D, E. Inflorescences on woody stems. Bach et al. VK 7170 (A‒C) and Bui 217 (D, E). Photos by H.Q. Bui, correction and design by M. Nuraliev.

FIGURE 2. Cyrtandromoea grandiflora, floral structure. A. Flower bud, lateral view. B. Flower, oblique-adaxial view. C. Transversally opened flower. D. Adaxial (upper) half of corolla, adaxial stamens and gynoecium. E. Gynoecium, adaxial view. F. Pair of stamens. G. Young fruit in artificially opened calyx. H. Young fruit and calyx, longitudinal section. I. Flattened fruiting calyx, abaxial view. J. Young fruit, cross section. Bui 217 (A, E) and Bach et al. VK 7170 (B‒D, F‒J). Photos by H.Q. Bui, correction and design by M. Nuraliev.

FIGURE 3. Distribution map of Cyrtandromoea grandiflora in Vietnam.