Barbarosia, KIYAK, 1995

Tatarnic, Nikolai J. & Cassis, Gerasimos, 2012, The Halticini of the world (Insecta: Heteroptera: Miridae: Orthotylinae): generic reclassification, phylogeny, and host plant associations, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 164 (3), pp. 558-658 : 578-582

BARBAROSIA KIYAK, 1995 ( FIGS 3 , 11–12 )

Halticidea Reuter, 1901: 172 (gen. nov.; junior homonym of Halticidea Hohrn, 1893 [ Coleoptera ]; type species: Halticidea punctulata Reuter, 1901 by monotypy); Kirkaldy, 1906: 130 (list); Oshanin, 1910: 802 (Palaearctic cat.); Reuter, 1910: 147 (cat.); Kiritshenko, 1951: 127 (key); Carvalho, 1952: 73 (list); Carvalho, 1955: 68 (key); Carvalho, 1958: 11 (cat.); Wagner, 1973: 13 (descr.; key); Schuh, 1995: 53 (world cat.).

Barbarosia Kiyak, 1995: 216 (nom. nov. for Halticidea Reuter, 1901 ).

Diagnosis: Barbarosia is recognized by the following combination of characters: coleopteroid; mostly shiny black; white scale-like setae on laterotergites; frons extending beyond clypeus; eyes substylate; antennae short, subequal to body length; left paramere L-shaped; endosoma with single S-shaped spicule; and, female DLP exaggerated, sclerotized ring strongly convoluted. It is similar to Halticus but with shorter antennae, which in the male are slightly longer, and in the female slightly shorter than the body. The female sclerotized rings are unlike those of any other halticine.

Redescription: Coleopteroid, 2.3–3.35 mm, male slightly smaller than female. Coloration ( Fig. 3 ): body mostly shining dark brown to black with paler markings. Surface and vestiture ( Figs 3 , 11A–E ): body sparsely clothed in pale decumbent simple setae and slightly thicker, white scale-like setae on laterotergites. Antennae with semidecumbent, spine-like setae, AI with several black spines. Legs with black spines. Frons (both sexes) and AI (males) sometimes with long white setae ( punctulata ). Head mostly smooth, pronotum rugulopunctate, scutellum rugulose, hemelytra finely punctate. Structure: head ( Figs 3 , 11A– C ): Short, transverse; vertex broad, posterior margin not carinate; frons bulbous, extending beyond clypeus; genae tall, approximately twice height of eye;

Genus Species Host plant Family Reference

Anapomella arnoldii Helichrysum arenarium Asteraceae Kerzhner, 1964a arnoldii Helichrysum arenarium Asteraceae Putshkov, 1961

Anapus dorsalis Alyssum calycinum Brassicaceae Seidenstücker, 1959 freyi Agropyron sp. Poaceae Kerzhner, 1964a kirshbaumi Artemisia sp. (Seriphidium) Asteraceae Kerzhner, 1964a longicornis unknown sp. Apiaceae Kerzhner, 1964a rugicollis Medicago sp. Fabaceae Kerzhner, 1964a

Barbarosia punctulata Elymus junceus Poaceae Kerzhner, 1964a

Chorosomella jakowleffi unknown sp. Poaceae Kerzhner, 1964a jakowleffi unknown sp. Poaceae Wagner, 1973 jakowleffi Crimea sp. Poaceae Wagner, 1973

Compositocoris senecionus Senecio laxus Asteraceae Schwartz et al., 2008 Leysera tenella Asteraceae Schwartz et al., 2008 Ursinia sp. Asteraceae Schwartz et al., 2008

Dampierella schwartzi Dampiera incana incana Goodeniaceae Tatarnic, 2009

Dasyscytus sordidus Rhanterium epapposum Asteraceae Linnavuori, 1986

Dimorphocoris bleusi Stipa tenacissima Poaceae Wagner, 1973 cilix unknown sp. Poaceae Wagner, 1973 lateralis unknown sp. Poaceae Wagner, 1973 lurensis unknown sp. Poaceae Wagner, 1973 osellai Lotus sp. Fabaceae Tamanini, 1975 osellai Trifolium sp. Fabaceae Tamanini, 1975 pygmaeus unknown sp. Poaceae Wagner, 1973 schmidti unknown sp. Poaceae Franz & Wagner, 1961 seidenstueckeri unknown sp. Asteraceae Linnavuori, 1984 seidenstueckeri Teucrium sp. Lamiaceae Linnavuori, 1984 seidenstueckeri Trifolium sp. Fabaceae Linnavuori, 1984 tauricus Festuca beckeri Poaceae Kerzhner, 1964b tauricus Festuca sulcata Poaceae Kerzhner, 1964b tauricus Festuca taurica Poaceae Kerzhner, 1964b tauricus Poa sp. Poaceae Kerzhner, 1964b tomasi Festuca sp. Poaceae Tamanini, 1975 tomasi Stipa sp. Poaceae Tamanini, 1971 tomasi Stipa sp. Poaceae Tamanini, 1976 tristis Anthemis sp. Asteraceae Linnavuori, 1992

Euryopicoris nitidus unknown sp. Poaceae Wagner, 1973

Goodeniaphila Cassisi Coopernookia strophiolata Goodeniaceae Tatarnic, 2009

Goodeniaphila schuhi Goodenia amplexans Goodeniaceae Tatarnic, 2009 Scaevola basedowii Goodeniaceae Tatarnic, 2009 Scaevola ovalifolia Goodeniaceae Tatarnic, 2009

Halticus apterus Vicia striata Fabaceae Hoberlandt, 1956 apterus Vicia sp. Fabaceae Wagner, 1973 apterus Ononis sp. Fabaceae Wagner, 1973 beganus Phaseolus vulgaris Fabaceae Alayo, 1974 beganus ‘rotten oak’ Fagaceae Henry & Smith, 1979 insularis cucumber Cucurbitaceae Carvalho, 1956 insularis Ipomoea sp. Convolvulaceae Carvalho, 1956 intermedius Anemone canadensis Ranunculaceae Knight, 1968 intermedius Clematis ligusticifolia Ranunculaceae Knight, 1968 luteicollis unknown sp. Poaceae Ehanno, 1960 luteicollis unknown sp. Fabaceae Josifov, 1974 luteicollis Clematis vitalba Ranunculaceae Wagner, 1973 macrocephalus Carduncellus sp. Asteraceae Wagner, 1973 macrocephalus Clematis sp. Ranunculaceae Wagner, 1973 pusillus Ononis sp. Fabaceae Göllner-Scheiding, 1972 pusillus Galium verum Rubiaceae Wagner, 1973 saltator cucumber Cucurbitaceae Wagner, 1973 saltator Calendula sp. Asteraceae Wagner, 1973 saltator Althaea sp. Malvaceae Wagner, 1973 tibialis Ipomoea sp. Convolvulaceae Carvalho, 1956 tibialis Phaseolus sp. Fabaceae Carvalho, 1956 tibialis unknown sp. Cucurbitaceae Carvalho, 1956

Labops hesperius Agropyron cristatum Poaceae Kelton, 1980 hesperius Rosa arkansana Rosaceae Kelton, 1980 hesperius unknown sp. Poaceae Fuxa & Kamm, 1976 hesperius Koeleria cristata Poaceae Mills, 1939 hesperius Poa secunda Poaceae Mills, 1939 hesperius Stipa comata Poaceae Mills, 1939 hesperius Stipa williamsi Poaceae Mills, 1939 hesperius Hordeum sp. Poaceae Mills, 1939 hesperius Triticum sativum Poaceae Mills, 1939 hesperius wheat ( Triticum sp. ) Poaceae Mills, 1939 hirtus wheat ( Triticum sp. ) Poaceae Mills, 1939 hirtus wheat ( Triticum sp. ) Poaceae Mills, 1939

eyes rounded and substylate, caudally directed, laterally not touching anterolateral margins of pronotum. Antennae ( Figs 3 , 11A–C ): antennal insertion in line with ventral margin of eye; thin, slightly longer than body in males, in females shorter than body; AI short, swollen in punctulata. Thorax ( Figs 3 , 11A, C–E ): pronotum rectangular, slightly broader posteriorly, pronotal collar indistinct, callosite region weakly defined, lateral margins deflexed, humeral angles rounded, posterior margin weakly concave medially; mesoscutum not visible; scutellum small and triangular; metathoracic spiracle large, exposed, with evaporative bodies posteriorly and dorsally; MTG efferent system broad, swollen, triangular, evaporative area extending to metathoracic spiracle, ostiole prominent, directed laterally, peritreme irregularly rounded. Hemelytra ( Figs 3 , 11A ): coleopteroid, shelllike; clavus and corium fused without subdivided appearance; posterior margins convex; elongate with abdominal tergites VII- IX exposed. Legs ( Figs 3 , 11F ): metafemora incrassate; hindlegs elongate. Male genitalia ( Fig. 12A–C ): pygophore conical; both parameres of roughly equal size; left paramere L-shaped, weakly concave, apex of apophysis hooked, sensory lobe swollen; right paramere clubbed, concave, club directed laterally; phallotheca elongateoval; ductus seminis relatively long and slender, with flexible ribbing ending prior to ductus seminis; secondary gonopore sclerotized, horseshoe-shaped basally, opens into less sclerotized, textured hood; endosoma with single, large, elongate S-shaped spicule, basally twisted and bifurcate. Female genitalia ( Fig. 12D, E ): sclerotized rings of DLP anteriorly narrowed and subcontiguous medially, highly convoluted and heavily sclerotized, narrow, posteriorly recurved forming sinuate short U-shaped canal, posterior margin of VLP sclerotized; posterior wall of bursa copulatrix simple, weakly sclerotized laterally, without processes, medially membranous; vestibular region slightly tumescent, bilaterally symmetrical, opening bordered by short, narrow paired sclerites.

582 N. J. TATARNIC and G. CASSIS

Diversity and distribution: Barbarosia includes two species and is restricted to eastern Turkey and the Ural Mountains in Russia.

Included species: Barbarosia declavata ( Seidenstücker, 1962) Turkey

Barbarosia punctulata ( Reuter, 1901) * Russia: Ural Mts.; Turkey

Biology and host plant associations: Barbarosia punctulata has been collected from a single species of grass ( Elymus junceus ) ( Kerzhner & Yachevskii, 1967; Wagner, 1973; Schuh, 1995) ( Table 1).

Remarks: The biology of Barbarosia is poorly known. It is most similar to Euryopicoris , sharing punctate, coleopteroid, shell-like forewings. Additionally, only in these two genera does the evaporative area of the MTG extend upward nearly to the dorsum (24-2). The apparent proclivity for grass-feeding by Barbarosia and Euryopicoris is also suggestive of a close relationship. However, the male aedeagus and female DLP are unique in Barbarosia , and these characters alone are deserving of genus-group status.

Figures

Figure 3. Photographs of Halticini genera: Acratheus–Halticus. Abbreviations: F, female; M, male.

Figure 11. Scanning electron micrograph images of Barbarosia punctulata (male). A, head and thorax, dorsal view; B, head, anterior view; C, head and thorax, lateral view; D, external efferent system of the metathoracic scent gland (MTG), detail; E, MTG efferent system; F, tarsus.

Figure 12. Male and female genitalia of Barbarosia punctulata. A, aedeagus; B, left paramere; C, right paramere; D, bursa copulatrix, dorsal view; E, first gonapophyses, ventral view; F, posterior wall.