Anastrepha lambda Hendel, 1914

Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A., 2009, A revision of the Anastrepha robusta species group (Diptera: Tephritidae) 2182, Zootaxa 2182 (1), pp. 1-91 : 34-35

Anastrepha lambda Hendel

Figs. 43 , 78 , 124 , 175

Anastrepha lambda Hendel 1914a: 67 [description in key, Peru]; Norrbom et al. 1999a: 80 [in catalog]; Norrbom et al. 1999b: 333 [classification].

Anastrepha lambda Hendel 1914b: 17 [preoccupied by Hendel 1914a: 67; description, wing, Peru]; Greene 1934: 164 [wing]; Lima 1934: 503; Hering 1941: 137 [in key], 139; Stone 1942a: 109; Foote 1967: 12 [in catalog]; Korytkowski & Ojeda 1970: 53; Steyskal 1977: 33; Norrbom 1985: 155 [mesonotum, aculeus tip]; Korytkowski 1997: 48 [in key]; Korytkowski 2001: 124 [type data]; Korytkowski 2004: 56 [in key].

Diagnosis. Anastrepha lambda and nigrivittata differ from all other species of Anastrepha in having the base of the S-band interrupted along vein Cu 1, but with a posterior extension to the wing margin in cell cu 1 that is connected to the proximal arm of the V-band. A few other species of the robusta group have a similar extension, but in those species the base of the S-band is uninterrupted. Anastrepha lambda and nigrivittata also differ from all other species of Anastrepha except A. cordata Aldrich by their scutal color pattern, which includes 3 pairs of dark brown vittae ( Fig. 15 ), of which the postsutural sublateral pair is fused to a dark band on the posterior margin to form a U-shaped mark, although the band does not extend laterally to include the intra-alar seta as in A. cordata . Anastrepha lambda differs from A. nigrivittata in having more of the scutellum brown, longer terminalia (oviscape 3.13 mm long, 0.78 times as long as mesonotum; aculeus 2.3 mm long), and the aculeus tip longer (0.33 mm long, 2.2 times as long as wide) and with barely perceptible serrations.

Description. Mostly orange, with dark brown and white to pale yellow markings. Setae dark brown to black.

Head: Mostly yellow to orange. Frons with narrow reddish medial vitta, but without brown markings except ocellar tubercle. Median occipital sclerite with 3 moderate brown vittae, the medial one broader dorsally and extending to ocellar tubercle. 3 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, slightly concave dorsally and medially. Antenna extended 0.75 distance to ventral facial margin.

Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange with dark brown markings. Typical white or pale yellow areas (postpronotal lobe; paired sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to intra-alar seta; medial scutal vitta; apex of disk and all of sides of scutellum; dorsal margin of anepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite) poorly differentiated in lectotype, probably present in live or fluid preserved material. Scutum with 3 paired brown vittae; submedial vitta between acrostichal and dorsocentral lines, extended from anterior margin to slightly more than half distance from transverse suture to posterior margin, isolated, anteriorly as broad as space between vittae, narrower near midlength; narrow, mostly presutural, sublateral vitta, slightly oblique, extended almost to postsutural supra-alar seta; postsutural sublateral vitta between dorsocentral and intra-alar lines, extended anteriorly almost to transverse suture, connected to band on posterior scutal margin to form U-shaped mark; posterior band narrowest medially, extended to acrostichal seta anteriorly and broadly onto basal 0.67 of disk of scutellum (almost but not including basal seta), fading posteriorly, laterally not extended to intra-alar seta. Subscutellum and mediotergite dark brown except very narrowly medially. Posteroventral spot on anatergite and katatergite also brown. Mesonotum 4.01 mm long. Scutum entirely microtrichose; setulae mostly brownish. Katepisternal seta weak, yellowish, barely longer than setulae.

Wing ( Fig. 43 ): Length 9.80 mm, width 3.97 mm, ratio 2.47. Apex of vein R 1 at 0.53 wing length. Cell c 1.25 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 3.95 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 without sharp bends or undulations. Crossvein r-m at 0.67 distance from bm-cu to dm-cu on vein M. Vein M only slightly curved apically; cell r 4+5 1.20 times as wide at apex as at level of dm-cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.54 times as long as anterior margin. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band with cell bc yellowish; cell c yellowish basally and anteriorly, posteriorly fading to subhyaline elongate medial area; pterostigma and anterodistal corner of cell c orange brown; cell r 1 proximal to fork of Rs and cell br moderate to dark brown; remainder of band in cells r 1 and r 2+3 orange except narrow brown distal margin. C-band and S-band broadly connected along vein R 4+5; hyaline area in cell br small, reaching vein R 4+5 but 0.52 times as long as distal orange area of cell; cell dm with basal hyaline area moderately large. Base of Sband completely interrupted in cells dm and cu 1; basal section brown; medial section mostly orange with narrow brown margins, except proximal margin in cell dm; with brown, lobelike projection to posterior wing margin in middle of cell cu 1, broadly connected to proximal arm of V-band along wing margin; distal section of S-band orange with brown margins, moderately broad, at apex of vein R 2+3 0.76 times width of cell r 2+3, slightly broadening in cell r 2+3, well separated from apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to it ending at vein R 2+3. Hyaline basomarginal spot in cell r 1 triangular with blunt apex, distal side slightly elongated, extended to R 4+5, its apex aligned proximal to crossvein r-m. V-band complete, mostly brown, separated from S-band along vein R 4+5; proximal arm with slender medial orange area bordering anterior 0.67 of dm-cu and extending slightly into cell r 4+5; moderately broad anteriorly, gradually broadening posteriorly, at level of vein M 1.23 times as wide as distal arm and about as wide as hyaline area proximal to it in cells r 4+5 and dm; distal arm moderately broad.

Abdomen: Mostly orange. Syntergite 1+2 with diffuse moderate brown sublateral mark on distal half ca. 0.25 width of tergite, tergites 3 and 4 with similar but progressively paler sublateral brownish areas.

Male terminalia: Unknown.

Female terminalia: Oviscape 3.13 mm long, 0.78 times as long as mesonotum; entirely orange brown; spiracle at basal 0.39. Eversible membrane ( Fig. 78 ) with ca. 15 relatively short, stout, hooklike dorsobasal scales in 2–3 rows distal to similar number of shorter stouter scales in triangular pattern. Aculeus ( Fig. 124 ) slightly ventrally curved in lateral view, 2.30 mm long; in ventral view base 0.36 mm wide; shaft 0.17 mm wide at midlength; tip ( Fig. 175 ) 0.33 mm long, 0.15 mm wide, 2.2 times as long as wide, 0.11 mm wide in lateral view, 0.73 times ventral width, in ventral view elongate triangular, apical 0.39 with barely perceptible serrations. Spermathecae spherical.

Distribution. Anastrepha lambda is known only from Amazonian Peru.

Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of A. lambda are unknown.

Type Data. Lectotype female [here designated] of lambda Hendel 1914a and holotype female of lambda Hendel 1914b ( SMT USNMENT00216173), with following labels: “ Peru Pinipini, O. Garlepp c.” [green]; “Coll. W. Schnuse 1911 – 3” [green]; “Typus Anastrepha lambda Hend ” [red]; “ Anastrepha lambda H. [Hendel’s writing] det. Hendel”; “ LECTOTYPE ♀ Anastrepha lambda Hendel 1914a: 67 by Norrbom & Korytkowski” [Norrbom’s writing]. This species was twice described as a new species by Hendel (1914a, b), but as neither description mentions the other, technically there are two available names that are primary homonyms. The 1914a name, included in Hendel’s key but not extensively described, was based on specimens (number, sex, and depository unstated) from Peru. The 1914b name was based on a single female (holotype by monotypy) from “ Peru, Pini-Pini, Dresd. Mus.” To avoid any possible confusion about the status of these names, the holotype of lambda Hendel 1914b is here designated as lectotype of lambda Hendel 1914a . The type locality is presumably the Río Piñipiñi on or near the border of Cusco and Madre de Dios Departments. According to Papavero (1973), Otto Garlepp collected with Schnuse in Chile, Bolivia and Peru during 1902–1904. The above locality is not mentioned in Schnuse’s itinerary, but the closest places listed were visited in July and August, 1903.

Figures

FIGURES 42–53. Wings: 42, A. jamaicensis (holotype); 43, A. lambda (holotype); 44, A. miza (Venezuela: Cuchime, USNMENT00214907); 45–46, A. nigra (Panamá: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215489; Chayotera, USNMENT00671160); 47–49, A. nigrifascia (USA: Key West, USNMENT00056328; Big Pine Key, USNMENT00216419; USNMENT00216755); 50, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 51, A. partita (holotype); 52, A. phaeoptera (holotype, copied from Lima 1937, estampa 1, fig. 3); 53, A. pittieri (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT0052102).

FIGURES 73–81. Eversible membranes: 73–74, A. furcata (Brazil: Manaus, USNMENT00216209; Panamá: La Fortuna, USNMENT00216175); 75, A. fuscata (holotype); 76, A. isolata (Ecuador: Onkone Gare Camp, USNMENT00054600); 77, A. jamaicensis (holotype); 78, A. lambda (holotype); 79, A. miza (Venezuela: Cuchime, USNMENT00214907); 80–81, A. nigra (Panamá: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215490, USNMENT00215491).

FIGURES 108–130. Aculei (ventral or lateral): 108, A. amazonensis (holotype); 109, A. bella (Panamá: Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT00671175); 110, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00216097); 111, A. cordata (Guatemala: Poptún, USNMENT00050350); 112, A. cryptostrepha (Surinam: Paramaribo, USNMENT00216571); 113, A. disticrux (holotype); 114, A. fenestrata (Brazil: Rio Trombetas, USNMENT00052104); 115, A. fenestrella (Costa Rica: La Selva, USNMENT00104276); 116–117, A. furcata (Brazil: Manaus, USNMENT00216209); 118–119, A. fuscata (holotype); 120–121, A. isolata (Ecuador: Onkone Gare Camp, USNMENT00054600); 122–123, A. jamaicensis (holotype); 124, A. lambda (holotype); 125, A. miza (Venezuela: Cuchime, USNMENT00214907); 126–127, A. nigra (Panamá: Altos de Pacora, USNMENT00215490); 128–129, A. nigrifascia (Key Largo, USNMENT00216379).

FIGURES 164–185. Aculeus tips (ventral or lateral): 164–165, A. amaryllis (from Tigrero 1998, figs. 82, 81); 166, A. bella (Panamá: Altos de Pacora); 167, A. binodosa (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00216097); 168, A. concava (Brazil: Santarem, USNMENT00671170); 169–170, A. cordata (Panama: El Cermeño, USNMENT00104297); 171, A. cryptostrepha (Surinam: Paramaribo, USNMENT00216571); 172, A. fenestrella (Panamá: Arraijan, USNMENT00216308); 173–174, A. furcata (ventrolateral, Brazil: Cachoeira Paciencia, from Lima 1937, fig. 17; Brazil: Muritiba, USNMENT00052098); 175, A. lambda (holotype); 176–177, A. nigrifascia (USA: Torch Key, USNMENT00216376; Big Pine Key, USNMENT00216421); 178, A. nigrivittata (holotype); 179, A. pittieri (Venezuela: Rancho Grande, USNMENT00216181); 180, A. pseudorobusta (Venezuela: C. Bolivar, USNMENT00216401); 181, A. robusta (Panamá: El Cermeño, USNMENT00216356); 182–184, A. simulans (holotype, paratype drawings by R.A.Zucchi; Brazil: Tijuca, USNMENT00216398); 185, A. speciosa (from Stone 1942a, fig. 20C); bar = 0.05 mm.

FIGURES 14–17. Head and thorax, dorsal: 14, A. fenestrella (Costa Rica: Zurquí, USNMENT00048495); 15, A. nigrivittata (holotype); thorax, dorsal: 16, A. pseudorobusta (holotype); thorax, posterodorsal: 17, A. speciosa (Panamá: Migdalia Fuentes, USNMENT00213669).