Arctosa jibarosa, Paredes-Munguía & Brescovit & Teixeira, 2024

Paredes-Munguía, Williams, Brescovit, Antonio D. & Teixeira, Renato A., 2024, Revision of Neotropical wolf spider genus Arctosa C. L. Koch, 1847 (Araneae: Lycosidae), with description of seven new species, Zootaxa 5414 (1), pp. 1-83 : 23-28

Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov.

Figs 2g , 17‒21 , 64

Type Material. Male holotype form Yuracyacu , 5°57'0.91"S 77°14'1.34"W, 828 m, 9.ix.2008, Moyobamba, San Martín, Peru, W. Paredes & C. Albujar leg., ( MUSM-ENT 500410 ). Female paratype from Campamento Cashiriari 2, La Convención, Cusco, Peru, 11°51'51.3"S 72°45'45.6"W, 578 m, 2.ix.1997. S. Cordova leg. ( MUSM-ENT 505269 ) .

Other material examined. COLOMBIA: Meta: 5♂, Acacias, Vereda La Esmeralda, Finca Versalles , 4°01'14.85"N 73°42'32.37"W, 514 m, 21–25.iv.2004, E. Florez et al. leg. (ICN-Ar 2754) ; 1♂, Cubarral, Vereda Vergel Alto , ca. 3°47'47.92"N 73°51'12.99"S, 1100 m, 1–3.vi.1996 (ICN-Ar 2723) ; 1♂, ditto, (ICN-Ar 6622) ; 2♂, Villavicencio, Vereda la Vanguardia, Pozo Azul , ca. 4°10'42.45"N 73°37'18.09"W, 16–17.iv.2005, (ICN-Ar 5642) ; 8♂, San Martín, Vereda el Manantial, Finca la Marina , ca. 3°40'44.91"N 73°40'58.24"W, 28.x.2006, N. Rodríguez leg. (ICN-Ar 5650) . Boyacá: 5♂, Santa María, Vereda Caño Negro, Cuchilla Negra (pastizal), ca. 5°57'51.12"N 74°19'52.86"W, A. Gomez leg. (ICN-Ar 5642) . ECUADOR: Napo, 1♀, Tena, Puerto Napo, Estación Biológica Jatun Sacha , 1°03'57.5"S 77°37'00.2"W, 410 m, 1–5.xii.2009, C. Grismado & F. Labarque leg. (MACN-Ar 37822) . PERU: San Martín: Moyobamba, Yuracyacu , 5°56'34.11"S 77°08'53.44"W, 805 m, 7.ix.2008, W. Paredes & C. Albujar leg. ( MUSM-ENT 500411 ) ; 1♂ 1♀, Moyobamba, Yuracyacu. 5°57'41"S 77°14'01.34"W, 828 m, 09.ix.2008, C. Albujar leg. ( MUSM-ENT 505000 ) . Huánuco: 7♂ 2♀, Panguana Biological Station Rio Yuyapichis , 9°37'S 74°56'W, ca. 236 m, 21.i–18.ii.1984, M. Verhaagh leg. ( MUSM-ENT 504111 ) ; 1♂, ditto, 26.xi–24.xii.1983, M. Verhaagh leg. ( MUSM-ENT 505001 ) . Junin: 1♀, Chanchamayo, Fundo La Génova, Campo Guaba , ca. 11°05'S 75°20'W, ca. 771 m, xi.2009, A. Giraldo leg. ( UNALM 326 ) . Madre de Dios: 1♂, Nueva Arequipa, 12º54'24.3"S 69º59'32.2"W, 231 m, C. Penha & F. Meza leg. ( MUSM-ENT 500975 ) .

Etymology. The specific name is a noun in apposition honoring the “Jibaros” indigenous people, who established populations after leaving their Chachapoyas native area in the northern of Peru. “Jibaros” were famous for shrinking the heads of enemies, which are kept as trophies ( Karsten 1923). This name is chosen in reference to the reduced size of the species, if compared to other Arctosa recorded herein.

Diagnosis. Males of Arctosa jibarosa resembles those of Arctosa sapiranga Silva & Lise, 2009 by the shape of the median apophysis, but can be distinguished by the posterior arm (pa) of the median apophysis with a wider base and a pointed tip ( Fig. 17a ); the terminal apophysis beak-shaped ( Fig. 18b ), and a minute, triangular palea protuberance ( Fig. 18b, d ). Females of Arctosa jibarosa are easily recognizable among all the neotropical species by the MS elevated, visibly larger than the small transversal septum, which is straight in the outer border ( Fig. 19a ), and the atrium triangular and sinuous ( Fig. 19a ). Additionally, the stalk of spermatheca (SS) is thrice as narrow than the head of spermatheca ( Figs 2g , 19b , 20b ).

Description. Male. Holotype (MUSM-ENT 500410). Carapace light brown with an irregular, yellow longitudinal median band with two wider parts, the first one behind the ocular area and the second, surrounding the thoracic groove ( Fig. 20a ), and with discontinuous submarginal bands ( Fig. 20g ). Carapace covered with short white setae, except in the longitudinal median band. Ocular area black, covered with long white setae and some black ones. Sternum yellow, sparsely covered with brown bristles, more abundant on the margins ( Fig. 20d ). First row of eyes slightly procurved and shorter than the second row ( Fig. 20h ); AME equal in size with ALE, ALE on small tubercles, PME separated by more than half their radii. Labium light brown, covered with brown bristles the same color as the endites; endites light brown at the base and yellow at the borders. Boss short and poorly visible, chillum membranous and divided. Legs yellow, darker distally. All femora yellowish with annuli; patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi darker than the femora, with annuli ( Figs 20d, g ). All tarsi without scopula, nor spinules on tarsi III and IV; trichobothria in tibiae, tarsi and metatarsi distally increasing in size. Dorsum of opisthosoma olive-gray, darker near the pedicel, with long white bristles in the middle and black on both sides, cardiac mark pale-yellow, lanceolate; venter yellow with some brown dusk patches; spinnerets yellow, AS larger than PS.

Pedipalp ( Figs 17‒18 , 21 ) with a cylindrical tibia, about two times longer than wide, a ventral patch of thin bristles on the femur. Cymbium piriform ( Figs 17a , 18c ); subtegulum rounded, tegulum with a curved basal notch with a membranous distal border. Terminal apophysis sclerotized, palea protuberance a sharp projection directed distally ( Figs 18b , 21a ), rounded and membranous at the base. Base of the embolus lobulated, straight and tapering towards its thin extreme and directed transversally, not twisted in any part; median apophysis with a Pa pyramidal, with a wide base, dorsal groove poorly visible in apical view ( Figs 17c , 18g ,); retrolateral arm projection of the median apophysis rounded in retrolateral view ( Fig. 17b ). Sperm ducts slightly sinuous through the tegulum in a clockwise way. Conductor membranous ( Fig. 18e, g ).

Leg formula IV>II>III>I. Spination pattern: femur I p 0-0-1, d 1-1-1, II p 0-0-1 d 1-1-1, r 0-0-1, III p 0-1-1, d 1- 1-1, r 0-1-1, IV p 0-1-1, d 1-1-1, r 0-0-1; patella I d 1bristle-1bristle ap, II d 1bristle-1bristle ap III p 1 d 1bristle-1 bristle ap r 1, IV p 1 d 1bristle-1ap r 1; tibia I p 1-1 d 1bristle v 2-2-2ap r 1v-1, II p 1-1 d 1bristle v 2-2-2ap III, p 1d-1

d 1r-1 r 1-1 v 2-2-2ap, IV p 1d-1 d 1r-1 r 1-1 v 2-2-2ap; metatarsus I p v1-1-2ap d 1bristle r 0-1-2ap v 2-2-2, II p 1-1-2ap r 0-1-2ap v 2-2-1ap, III p 1d-1d-2ap r 1d-1-2ap v 2-2-1ap, IV p 0-1d-1ap d 2-0-2 r 1d-v1-1d-1v-1ap v 2-2-1ap.

Measurements: TL 4.08, CL 2.16, CCW 0.80, CTW 1.50, CCH 0.70, CTH 0.76. Eyes: AME 0.08, ALE 0.08, PME 0.24, PLE 0.18, interdistances: AME-AME 0.06, AME-ALE 0.04; PME-PME 0.14, PME-PLE 0.20; POQ length 0.34, POQ posterior width 0.40, POQ anterior width 0.30. Chelicerae: length 0.80. Legs: length of segments femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length: pedipalp 0.74 + 0.36 +0.38 + - + 0.66 = 2.14, I 1.26 + 0.60 + 1.08 + 1.02 + 0.64 = 4.60, II 1.30 + 0.68 + 1.00 + 1.04 + 0.68 = 4.70, III 1.20 + 0.58 + 0.92 + 1.10 + 0.68 = 4.48, IV 1.64 + 0.74 + 1.38 + 1.76 + 0.90 = 6.42.

Female. Paratype (MUSM-ENT 505269). Prosoma, opisthosoma and leg coloration and setae arrangement as in male.

Genitalia ( Figs 19 , 20b, e ) with transversal septum broad and rounded laterally, anterior part of the MS depressed in apical view ( Fig. 19d ). Atrium narrow, parallel to median septum, which is longitudinally bulged. Copulatory opening located at border of the TS ( Fig. 19b ). Fertilization ducts thin, membranous, originated posterodorsally; spermatheca rounded, stalks short, curved distally, quite thrice as thin as the HS, base of spermatheca wide.

Leg formula IV>I>II>III. Spination pattern: femur I p 0-0-d1 d 1-1-1 r 0-0-1d, II p 0-0-1d d 1-1-1 r 0-1-1, III p 0-1d-1d d 1-1-1 r 0-1d-1d, IV p 0-0-1d d 1-1-1 r 0-0-1d; patella I p 1 d 1bristle-1bristle ap, II p 1, d 1bristle-1bristle ap, r 1; III p 1 d 1bristle-ap1 r 1, IV p 1 d 1bristle-ap1 r 1; tibia I p 1-0 d 1bristle-1bristle v 2-2-2 r 0-1-0, II p 0-1d-1 d 0-1bristle v 2-2-2ap; III, p 1-1 d 1r-1 r 1-1 v 1-2-2ap, IV p 1-1 d 1r-1 r 1d-1 v 1-2-2ap; metatarsus I p d1-v1-1d-0-2 r 0-1-2 v 2-0-1, II p 1d-1d-2ap r 0-2-2ap v 2-0-1ap, III p 1d-1-2ap d 1bristle-0 r 1-1-2ap v 2-2-1ap, IV p 1-1-2ap r d1- 1v-1d-1v-2ap v 2-2-1ap.

Measurements: TL 4.25, CL 2.00, CCW 0.84, CTW 1.44, CCH 0.68, CTH 0.66. Eyes: AME 0.12, ALE 0.08, PME 0.24, PLE 0.16, interdistances: AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.04; PME-PME 0.12, PME-PLE 0.20; POQ length 0.36, POQ posterior width 0.54, POQ anterior width 0.30. Chelicerae: length 0.78. Legs: length of segments femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length: pedipalp 0.70 + 0.34 + 0.42 + - + 0.54 = 2.00, I 1.30 + 0.64 + 1.10 + 0.98 + 0.66 = 4.68, II 1.22 + 0.60 + 0.96 + 0.98 + 0.60 = 4.36, III 1.10 + 0.52 + 0.82 + 0.94 + 0.54 = 3.92, IV 1.60 + 0.68 + 1.34 + 1.64 + 0.76 = 6.02.

Variation. Males N = 9 (range, mean±s.d.): TL 3.41 – 3.92, 3.57±0.06; CL 1.92 – 2.17, 2.00±0.03; CW 1.33 – 1.58, 1.44±0.03.

Distribution. Colombia (Meta), Ecuador (Napo) and Peru (San Martín, Huánuco, Junín, Cusco and Madre de Dios) ( Fig. 64 ).

Figures

FIGURE 2. Epigynum. a, c, f. Arctosa villa sp. nov (a, ventral; c, dorsal; f, posterolateral). b. Arctosa ayaymama sp. nov. d. Arctosa villa sp. nov. (anterior). e. Arctosa mineira sp. nov. (posterior). g. Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. (posterolateral). Scale bars: a–g, 0.25 mm. AT, atrium, BS, base of spermatheca, CO, copulatory opening, FD, fertilization duct, H, hood, HS, head of spermatheca, MS, median septum, SS, stalk of spermatheca, TS, transversal septum, VC, vulval chamber.

FIGURE 17. Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. Male pedipalp holotype (MUSM-ENT 500410) a–c (a, ventral; b, retrolateral; c, anterior). Scale bars: a–c, 0.25 mm. CMS, cymbium macrosetae, E embolus, Pa posterior arm, Pp palea protuberance, Ra Retrolateral arm, TA terminal apophysis.

FIGURE 18. Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. Male pedipalp (MUSM-ENT 504111) a–c (a, prolateral; b, ventral; c, retrolateral). Pedipalp bulb d–i (d, prolateral; e, ventral; f, retrolateral; g, anterior; h, basal expanded; i, posterior). Scale bars: a–c, 0.2 mm, d–i, 200 µm. C conductor, DMA depression of median apophysis, E embolus, Pp palea protuberance, Pa posterior arm, Ra retrolateral arm, RS row of setae, ST subtegulum, TA terminal apophysis.

FIGURE 19. Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. Epigynum, paratype (MUSM-ENT 505269) a–d (a, ventral; b, lateral; c, posterior; d, anterior). Scale bars: 91–97, 0.25 mm. CD copulatory duct, FD fertilization duct, H hood, HS head of spermatheca, MS median septum, SS stalk of spermatheca, TS transversal septum, VC vulval chamber.

FIGURE 20. Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. Male habitus (MUSM-ENT 504111) a, d, g–h (a, dorsal; d, ventral; g, lateral; h, frontal). Epigynum (MUSM-ENT 504111) b, e (b, dorsal; e, ventral). Female habitus paratype (MUSM-ENT 505269) c, f, i (c, dorsal; f, ventral; i, lateral). Scale bars: a, d, g, 1 mm, b, e, 0.1 mm, h, 200 µm, c, f, i, 1 mm. SS stalk of spermatheca.

FIGURE 21. Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. Male pedipalp SEM (MUSM-ENT 504111) a–e (a, ventral; b, TA detail; c, MA detail; d, apical cymbium setae; e, papillae on MA). Scale bars: a, 100 µm, b–d 50 µm, e, 15 µm. E embolus, C conductor, P palea, Pa posterior arm, Ra retrolateral arm, ST subtegulum, T tegulum, TA terminal apophysis.

FIGURE 64. Geographic distribution records of Arctosa costenola sp. nov. (orange dot), Arctosa jibarosa sp. nov. (white dot), Arctosa tenebrosa comb. nov. (yellow diamond), Arctosa villa sp. nov. (blue diamond).