Glyphuchus Stål, 1860

López, Guilherme E. L., Carrenho, Renan & Schwertner, Cristiano F., 2023, Over 170 years later: redescription of the genus Glyphuchus Stål (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae: Discocephalinae), with the first description of the male, Zootaxa 5263 (3), pp. 401-410 : 402-406

Glyphuchus Stål, 1860

( figs. 1–3 )

Glyphuchus Stål, 1860: 16 ; Stål, 1872: 12; Kirkaldy, 1909: 221; Petrulevičius & Popov, 2014: 28, 29; Kment & Garbelotto, 2016: 207; Grazia et al., 2023.

Type species. Glyphuchus sculpturatus Stål, 1860 , by monotypy.

Diagnosis. Glyphuchus can be recognized by its curved, swollen labrum, head longer than wider, with a short acute preocular projection, pronotum with flattened, lateral expansions and a small projection in the anterolateral angles, and abdominal segments with serrated aspect, pronounced laterally.

Redescription.

General morphology and color. Body oval, longer than wide. General body color mostly green when alive ( fig. 1 ), mottled, with markings varying from dark brown to black on head, pronotum, scutellum, hemelytra, and connexival segments; scutellum with 1+1 yellowish calli on either side of disk and four spots of same color on pronotal cicatrices. Preserved specimens ( figs. 2 , 3 ) green-yellowish; dark and yellowish markings present.

Head. Subrectangular, longer than wide, with dark punctures scattered throughout; eyes rounded, globose, ocelli closer to eyes than to each other.Acute preocular projection present, not exceeding half the length of scape.Mandibular plates longer than clypeus, convex in outline, apices rounded, contiguous in front of clypeus. Labrum large, thick, strongly curved forward ( fig. 3D ). Bucculae elevated, rounded anteriorly and posteriorly, widened posteriorly, much shorter than rostral segment I. Rostrum reaching base of abdominal segment III (2 nd visible segment). Antennae 5-segmented, segments I-III cylindrical, segment IV claviform, segment V fusiform. Antennal segment I shorter than mandibular plates. Antennal segments I and II yellowish with black dots, antennal segment III dark brown at basal two thirds and lighter at apex, segment IV dark brown, segment V basally yellow and apically dark brown.

Thorax. Pronotum subrectangular, declivent anteriorly ( fig. 3D ), laterally expanded (expansions flattened); anterior angles projecting acutely laterad, lateral margins sinuate. Transversal line behind the cicatrices of pronotum elevated ( fig. 3D ), with four light spots ( fig. 2A ) slightly elevated. Scutellum long, reaching almost to apex of abdominal segment VI ( fig. 3A ), with lighter outlines in the lateral margins of the frenal lobe. Scutellar fovea depressed, scutellar disk more elevated than the postfrenal lobe. Apical margins of scutellum elevated on both sides, but not in the middle. Mesosternum slightly depressed medially, metasternum flat, hexagonal. Spout-like peritreme short, not reaching middle width of evaporatorium ( fig. 3B , per).

Hemelytra. Lateral margins convex, longer than scutellum. Dark punctures scattered across coria, forming three dark patches on each corium: one near the scutellar fovea, one in the middle of corium, and one at apex of the radial vein. Membrane short, not reaching the apex of connexival segment VII, darker in live specimen.

Legs. Yellow in preserved specimens, with many large brown dots on femora and tibiae. Forecoxae much closer to each other than middle and hindcoxae. Tibia strongly sulcate, excavated dorsally. Femora with a subapical dark brown annulus. Tarsi 3-segmented, middle segment shortest, apical segment longer than basal; middle and apical segments dorsally yellow, ventrally apex of middle segment and apical segment dark brown. Claws dark brown with yellowish base.

Abdomen. Spiracles II partially concealed by metaepimeron, spiracles III–VII oval with black outline. Abdominal venter light yellow with many dark scattered punctures, most of which bear a thick brownish seta; middle portion of venter almost unpunctured. Middle of sternite VII with a dark brown longitudinal patch, occupying the whole sternite length in male, and restricted to a small anterior semilunar area in female. Sternites III–VII projected laterally, serrated. Connexival segments III–VII yellow, with black markings on anterior and posterior portions; same color pattern on lateral margins of sternites. In male, abdominal segment VIII ( fig. 2D , VIII) bearing spiracles VIII, these circular with black outline ( fig. 2D , sp), smaller than spiracles III–VII.

Male genitalia. ( figs. 2C–E ) Genital capsule subquadrangular, laterally sinuous. Dorsal rim (dr) concave, darker than adjacent dorsal area; posterolateral angles (pla) strongly projected posteriorly, apically rounded, slightly sinuous in posterior view ( fig. 2C ). Ventral rim (vr) with deep, U-shaped, median excavation, presenting brownish bristles along the rim ( figs. 2D, E ). Segment X (X) longer than wide, projected posteriorly but not reaching apex of posterolateral angles. Parameres (par) apically dark, acute, not projecting beyond posterolateral angles.

Female genital plates. ( fig. 3C ) Valvifers 8 (vf8) trapezoidal, base larger than apex, mesially contiguous from base to apex.Apical portion of valvifers 8 almost straight, angulated to each other, edges rounded. Laterotergites 8 (lt8) triangular, apically rounded, shaped like apical portion of sternites III–VII. Laterotergites 9 (lt9) small, barely exceeding the mediotergite 8, contiguous for half of their length; apically rounded. Valvifers 9 and segment X not visible.

Distribution. Brazil (Rio de Janeiro: Itatiaia [National Park]).

Figures

FIGURE 1. Living male of Glyphuchus sculpturatus Stål, 1860 on the bark of a tree at the Parque Nacional do Itatiaia, Brazil. Detail showing closely the specimen. Photographed by Edgar B. Crispino.

FIGURE 2. Male of G. sculpturatus. (A) dorsal view; (B) ventral view; (C) pygophore, dorsal view; (D) pygophore, ventral view, segment VIII outlined; (E) pygophore, posterior view. Scale bars: 2.0mm (A, B), 1.0mm (C‒E). Lettering: dr, dorsal rim; lr, lateral rim; par, paramere; pla, posterolateral angle; sp, spiracles of abdominal segment VIII; VIII, segment VIII; vr, ventral rim; X, segment X.

FIGURE 3. Female holotype of G. sculpturatus deposited at NHRS. (A) dorsal view; (B) ventral view; (C) genital plates; (D) lateral view of the head, arrow indicating the curved labrum; (E) original labels. Scale bars: 1.0mm. Lettering: lt8, laterotergites 8; lt9, laterotergites 9; per, peritreme; vf8, valvifers 8. Photographed by Gunvi Lindberg (© 2022 Naturhistoriska riksmuseet). Original photos cropped, labelled, and reorganized.