Tricyrtis suzukii Masamune, J. Trop. Agr., 1826

Chen, Yu-Huan, Huang, Ting-Hsuan, Lu, Chang-Tse & Shen, Rong-Show, 2024, Taxonomic revision of Tricyrtis (Liliaceae) in Taiwan and a new species, Tricyrtis lingyunyanensis, Phytotaxa 655 (3), pp. 231-248 : 245-246

5. Tricyrtis suzukii Masamune, J. Trop. Agr. 3: 21. 1931;

Liu & Ying, Fl. Taiwan 5: 82. 1978; S.S. Ying, Fl. Taiwan 2nd. ed. 5: 69. 2000. Fig. 10 .

Type:— TAIWAN. Ilan: Taipingshan, 28 Sep 1930, Suzuki 6274 (holotype: TAI!).

Deciduous perennial herbs with 10–20 contractile roots, 5.0–13.0 × 0.1–0.3 cm, rhizomes 0.5–0.6 × 0.2–0.3 cm and bulbs, 0.5–0.7 cm in diameter. Stems arcuate, flexuous and branched, 30.0–100.0 cm long; lower stem hirsute; upper stem hirsute. Leaves lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, sessile, apex acuminate or caudate, entire, 12.0–14.0 × 3.5– 5.0 cm, nearly glabrous or pubescent, main veins impressed adaxially, raised abaxially, dark green, no purple spots. Inflorescence 1–6; terminal and axillary in the distal part of the stem; pedicels 1.0–3.0 cm long, densely hirsute, stiff; peduncles 0.8–4.0 cm long, densely hirsute, stiff. Flowers open for 2–4 days; outer tepals spathulate, white, with purple dots and no yellow speckle on the base, 2.0– 2.3 cm × 6.0–7.0 mm; inner tepals narrowly oblong-elliptic or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, white, with purple dots and no yellow speckle on the base, 2.3–2.5 × 6.0–7.0 mm; spur short, single and no bifurcation, 3.0–4.0 mm long, slightly raised midrib, pale green; stamens 6, filaments white with small pink spots, distally strongly recurved, 1.5–2.5 cm long; anthers oblong, 3.0– 3.5 mm long; ovary oblong, pale green, 3-celled; style white with small pink spots; stigmas 3, bifurcate, distally strongly recurved and long. Capsule erect, densely hirsute, 2.5–2.7 cm long, septicidal dehiscent. Seeds ovate-elliptic to lanceolate, light brown, 2.5–3.0 mm long.

Phenology:— Flowering and fruiting July–November, deciduous, winter dormant.

Distribution and habitat:— Moist shady limestone crevices or calcareous gravelly places, northern and eastern Taiwan, 800–1600 m.

Chromosome numbers:— 2 n = 26 ( Kono et al., 2015).

Additional specimens examined:— TAIWAN. Ilan: Taipingshan, 26 Mar 1930, Suzuki 3800 ( TAI). Hualien: Luanshan, 8 Aug 1956, Liu, Chen & Kao 17 ( TAI) ; Mukuashan , 26 Jul 1961, Kao 4120 ( TAI) .

Notes:— This species can be distinguished from other species in Taiwan by having a midrib on the spur, and rhizome consisting of a series of bulbs ( Fig. 10C ).As a result, an individual’s age can be estimated with the enumeration of these bulb-like residuals.

Figures

FIGURE 10. Tricyrtis suzukii. A. Habitat. B. Densely hirsute pedicel (arrowhead). C. Bulbs and rhizome, the bulb-like residuals (arrows), bulb of the current year (arrowhead) and new bulb (asterisk). C-1. New bulb magnified. D. Capsule. E. Spur with slightly raised midrib (arrowhead). Photos taken by Y.H. Chen.