Aphelopus mediocarinatus (Benoit, 1951)

Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. & Noort, Simon Van, 2019, Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 4630 (1), pp. 1-619 : 42-45

2. Aphelopus mediocarinatus (Benoit, 1951)

( Figs 12E , 16E, F )

Antaphelopus mediocarinatus Benoit 1951d: 23 ; 1954: 430. Antaphelopus madagascariensis Benoit 1954: 429 (synonymized by Olmi 1984); type locality: Esira ( Madagascar). Aphelopus mediocarinatus (Benoit) : Olmi 1984: 60; Fiori 1984: 2; Olmi 1990b: 403; 1994c: 9; Guglielmino & Olmi 1997: 223; Olmi & van Harten 2006: 314; Olmi 2006: 34; Guglielmino & Olmi 2006: 48–49; Olmi 2009b: 456; Azevedo et al. 2010: 883; Olmi & Copeland, 2011: 192; Guglielmino et al. 2013: 79–81; Olmi et al. 2015: 337; 2016: 50.

Description. ♀ ( Fig. 16F ). Fully winged; body length 1.8–1.9 mm. Head black, except mandible testaceous (occa- sionally clypeus white; occasionally frons partly white; in specimen from Botswana, Serowe, head completely whit- ish, except one brown ocellar spot); antenna brown, except antennomeres 1–3 testaceous; mesosoma and metasoma black (in specimen from Kenya, 3.47908°S 38.34162°E, mesoscutum partly ferruginous); legs testaceous. Antenna clavate; antennomeres in following proportions: 4:4:5:6:5.5:5:5:5:5:8. Head dull, granulate; frontal line incomplete; occipital carina complete; POL = 6.5; OL = 4; OOL = 3.5; OPL = 3; TL = 3. Mesoscutum dull, granulate. Notauli absent, or very short and only visible near anterior margin of mesoscutum. Mesoscutellum and metanotum shiny, unsculptured or very slightly granulate; occasionally mesoscutellum and metanotum dull and distinctly granulate. Metapectal-propodeal disc reticulate rugose, with wide areolae, usually with strong transverse posterior keel; propodeal declivity with two longitudinal keels and median area dull and completely reticulate rugose or with smooth central area. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; 2r-rs&Rs vein regularly curved. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

♂ ( Fig. 16E ). Fully winged; body length 1.2–1.6 mm. Head black, except mandible testaceous (occasionally clyp- eus brown-testaceous or whitish; occasionally frons partly white); antenna brown, except scape and pedicel testaceous; mesosoma and metasoma black; legs testaceous. Antenna filiform; antennomeres in following proportions: 3:3:4:5:6:7:6.5:7:6:10. Head dull, granulate; frontal line absent; occipital carina complete; POL = 6; OL = 3; OOL = 4; OPL = 0.5; TL = 2. Mesoscutum , mesoscutellum and metanotum dull, granulate. Notauli absent, or very short and only visible near anterior margin of mesoscutum. Metapectal-propodeal disc reticulate rugose, with transverse posterior keel; propodeal declivity with two longitudinal keels, median area dull or shiny, reticulate rugose or granulate, lateral areas granulate, usually not reticulate rugose. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands; 2r-rs& Rs vein long and regularly curved. Basivolsella ( Fig. 12E ) usually with two subdistal bristles (in specimen from Yemen, Al Kadan , left basivolsella with one subdistal bristle, right basivolsella with two subdistal bristles; specimens from Mozambique, Cuamba , with one subdistal bristle; specimen from South Africa, 34°02’S 18°23.5’E and 32°57’817’’S 18°06’837’E, with one subdistal bristle; in one specimen from South Africa, Pretoria, with two subdistal bristles on lefth basivolsella and three subdistal bristles on right basivolsella; in one specimen from South Africa, 34°27.41’S 19°21.39’E, both basivolsellae with one subdistal bristle). Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Material examined. Types: ♀ holotype of A. mediocarinatus : DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: Haut-Uele, Paulis (= Isiro ), III.1947, P.L.G. Benoit leg. ( MRAC ); ♀ holotype of A. madagascariensis : MADAGAS-CAR: Toliara, III.1940, A. Seyrig leg. ( MNHN). Paratypes of A. madagascariensis : MADAGASCAR: Fianarantsoa, Fianarantsoa, XI.1936, A. Seyrig leg., 1♂ allotype ( MRAC). Other material: BOTSWANA: Central District, Serowe, Farmer’s Brigade ( USNM); Serowe, III.1990 ( CAS). BURUNDI: Bururi National Forest, 3.93022°S 29.61697°E, 1955 m, 19.X–2.XI.2010, MT, indigenous forest, near stream, R. Copeland leg., 1 ♀ ( NMK). CAM- EROON: South Region, near Ebolowa, Nkoemvon, 24.VIII–7.IX.1980, cocoa plantation, D. Jackson leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK); Cameroon ( MCZ). CENTRAL AFRICAN REPUBLIC: Sangha-Mbaéré Pref., Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, Mabéa Bai, 21.4 km 53° NE Bayanga, 03°02’01’’N 16°24’57’’E, 510 m, 3–4.V.2001, MT, lowland rainforest, marsh clearing, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); Sangha-Mbaéré Pref., Dzanga-Ndoki National Park, 38.6 km 173° S Lidjombo, 2°21.60’N 16°03.20’E, 350 m, 22.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♂, 4♀♀ ( SAMC); Sangha-Mbaéré Pref., Reserve Speciale de Forêt Dense de Dzanga-Sangha, 12.7 km 326° NW Bayanga, 3°00.27’N 16°11.55’E, 420 m, 13.V.2001, sweep, lowland rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 4♂♂ ( SAMC). DEMO- CRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: Haut-Uele, Wamba Territory, Kikongo Mission, 04°15’S 17°10’E, 2. IV.2006, MT, forest edge, S.L. Heydon & S.E. Stevenson leg., 1♂ ( UCDC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Ruwenzori, Aff. Butahu, Riv. Katauleko, Kalonge ( MRAC); North Kivu, Virunga National Park (=Albert National Park), Mt. Hoyo ( MRAC); North Kivu, N of Kivu Lake, Rwankwi ( MRAC); Haut- Uele (= Haut-Zaire), Garamba National Park ( MRAC). ETHIOPIA: Amhara, Zhara Church Forest, 11°47.976’N 37°34.044’E, 1925 m, 6–8.I.2012, forest core, MT, E. McAlister leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK). GAMBIA: Upper River Divi- sion, Wuli Kantora, Fatoto ( KJHC). IVORY COAST: Vallée du Bandama Region, Bouaké, IV.1980 ( CNC). KE- NYA: Coast Prov., Marenje Forest, 4.52814°S 39.24028°E, 76 m, 25.VII–8.VIII.2014, MT, indigenous forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ ( NMK); Coast Prov., Muhaka Forest, 4.32530°S 39.52345°E, 52 m, 27–30.V.2013, 6 m MT, in- digenous forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ ( NMK); Coast Prov., Muhaka Forest, 4.32664°S 39.52462°E, 41 m, 27.XII.2014 – 10.I.2015, MT, indigenous forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ ( NMK); same locality label, 5–19.XI.2015, 1♂ ( NMK); Coast Prov., Taita Hills, Mwatate area, 3.48444°S 38.33251°E, 1011 m, 24.VIII–7.IX.2011, MT, below Bura Bluff, riverine forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ ( NMK); same locality label, 21.II–7.III.2012, 1♀ ( NMK); same locality label, 27.VII–10.VIII.2011, 1♀ ( NMK); Coast Prov., Taita Hills, Chawia Forest, 3.47908°S 38.34162°E, 1614 m, 5–19.IV.2012, MT, next to small forest pond, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ ( NMK); Rift Valley Prov., Matthews Range, 0.97984°N 37.34599°E, 1459 m, 26.XII.2015 – 9.I.2016, MT, riverine forest, near Wamba, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ ( NMK); Western Prov., Kakamega District, Kakamega Forest, Kisere Forest Reserve, 00°23.73’N 34°53.165’E, 5400 feet, XI.2001, Manfred Kraemer & Co. leg., 1♂ ( MTC). MADAGASCAR: Antsiranana, Ankarana Special Reserve, 13.6 km 192° SSW Anivorano Nord, 12°51.49’S 49°13.33’E, 210 m, 16–20.II.2001, MT, tropical dry forest, Fisher, Griswold et al. leg., BLF 3011, 2♀♀ ( CAS); Antsiranana, Sakalava Beach, 12°15.46’S 49°23.51’E, 10 m, 16–31.V.2001, dwarf littoral forest, MT, across sandy trail, MA-01-04B-10, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♂ ( MOLC); Antsiranana, Montagne d’Ambre National Park, 12°31.13’S 49°10.45’E, 1125 m, 11.II–4.III.2001, MT, MA-01- 01D-04, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♂ ( MOLC); Antsiranana, Montagne d’Ambre National Park, 12.2 km 211° SSW of Joffreville, 12°35.47’S 49°9.34’E, 1300 m, 2–7.II.2001, MT, montane rainforest, Fisher, Griswold et al. leg., 1♀ ( CAS); Fianarantsoa, Ranomafana National Park, Vohiparara, 21°13.57’S 47°22.19’E, at broken bridge, 1110 m, 21–28.I.2002, MT in high altitude rainforest, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♂ ( CAS); same locality label, 22–28.XI.2001, 1♂ ( CAS); same locality label, 19–26.II.2002, 2♀♀ ( CAS, MOLC); Fianarantsoa, Ranomafana, JIRAMA water works, 21°14.91’S 47°27.13’E, 690 m, 28.I–4.II.2002, MT near river, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-02-09A-14, 1♀ ( CAS); Fi- anarantsoa, Ranomafana National Park, Belle Vue at Talatakely, 21°15.99’S 47°25.21’E, 1020 m, 19–26.II.2002, MT, secondary tropical forest, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♂ ( MOLC); same locality label, 14–22.VII.2002, MA-02-09C- 35, 1♂ ( MOLC); same locality label, 10–14.I.2002, MA-02-09C-11, 2♀♀ ( CAS);same locality label, 13–23.VI.2002, MA-02-09C-32, 1♀ ( CAS); Fianarantsoa, Ranomafana National Park, radio tower at forest edge, 21°15.05’S 47°24.43’E, 1130 m, 4–12.III.2002, MT, mixed tropical forest, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-02-09B-19, 1♂ ( MOLC); same locality label, 15–21.XII.2001, MA-02-09B-07, 1♀ ( CAS); same locality label, 27.VI–7.VII.2003, MA-02- 09B-65, 1♀ ( CAS); Mahajanga, Sofia District, 45 km S Antsohihy, 5 km W of Anjiamangirana, elev 97 m, 27 Jan – 2 Feb 2011, 15 ° 09.42’ S 47° 47.05’ E, M.Irwin, R.Harin’Hala leg, MT, Analagnambe dry degraded forest, MG- 61-08, 1♀ ( CAS). Toamasina, Andasibe National Park, 18°55.58’S 48°24.47’E, botanic garden near entrance to park, 1025 m, 1–5.IX.2001, MT, tropical forest, R. Harin’Hala leg., 1♂ ( CAS); Toamasina, Betampona Reserve, Camp Rendrirendry, 34.1 km 332° Toamasina, 17°55.26’S 49°11.59’E, 390 m, 28.XI.2005, MT, rainforest, Brian L. Fisher et al. leg., BLF13127, 1♂ ( CAS); Toliara, 60 km NE of Morondava, Bereboka ( MOLC); Toliara, Andohahela National Park, Tsimelahy, parcelle II, 24°56.21’S 46°37.60’E, 180 m, 28.III–8.IV.2003, MT in transitional forest, M. Irwin, F. Parker & R. Harin’Hala leg., MA- 02-20-20, 2♂♂ ( CAS, MOLC), 1♀ ( CAS); same locality label, 30.X–9.XI.2003, 2♂♂ ( CAS, MOLC); same locality label, 26.I–5.II.2003, 1♂ ( MOLC). MOZAMBIQUE: Niassa Prov., Cuamba, Farm of the Catholic University of Mozambique, M. Olmi reared from Molopopterus alfa Dworakowska and Empoascanara ethiopica Dworakowska , parasitized host collected 4.III.2005, dryinid cocooning 9.III.2005, dryinid adult emergence 5.IV.2005, 9♀♀, 2♂♂ ( MOLC), 2♀♀ ( SAMC). NIGERIA: Abia, Umuahia CRIN (Child Rights Information Network), 9.IV.1975, J.T. Medler leg., 1♂ ( NHMUK); Osun, Ile-Ife, X.1973, J.T. Medler leg., 2♂♂ ( NHMUK, MOLC); Oyo, Ibadan, I. Amah Pash leg., 2♀♀ reared from Empoasca sp. ( NHMUK, CNC). SENEGAL: Casamance, 10 km WSW of Velingara ( ZIL); Casamance, 20 km N of Kolda ( ZIL). SIERRA LEONE: Northern Prov., 5 km W of Kabala, 11°35’W 09°35’N, 28.XI.1993 ( ZIL). SOMALIA: Lower Shebelle, Afgooye (= Afgoi) ( AMNH). SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape, Februarie Farm (40.2 km 267° W Kirkwood), 33°33.124’S 25°03.043’E, 12–14.II.2001, MT, VB01-R1N-M36, Valley bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ ( SAMC); same locality label, M22, 10–12.II.2001, 1♀ ( SAMC); Eastern Cape, Schilpad Laagte Farm (15.4 km 226° W Kirkwood), 33°31.653’S 25°22.620’E, 9–11.II.2001, MT, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1♂ ( SAMC); Eastern Cape, Marais Hoop Farm (25.6 km 254° W Kirkwood), 33°32.635’S 25°13.678’E, 10– 12.II.2001, MT, VB01-R4N-M26, Valley Bushveld (non-trashed), S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); Eastern Cape, Somerset East, X.1930, R. E. Turner leg., 1♀ ( NHMUK); Eastern Cape, Winterberg, The Hoek Farm, 32°21.260’S 26°23.001’E, 1879 m, 22.II–9.IV.2010, MT, Amathole Mistbelt Grassland, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ ( SAMC); same locality label, 22.II–9.IV.2010, YPT, 1♀ ( SAMC); Eastern Cape, Asante Sana Game Reserve, 32°14.990’S 24°55.962’E, 2183 m, 23.II–7.IV.2010, MT, Karoo Escarpment Grassland, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); Gauteng, Pretoria, garden, 8–11.II.2005, YPT, V. Kolyada leg., 1♂, 2♀♀ ( NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Pietermaritzburg ( AEIC); Drakensberg, Van Reenen, 23–26.I.1927, R.E. Turner leg., 1♂ ( NHMUK); KwaZulu-Natal, Estcourt, Cathedral Peak ( UCDC); KwaZulu-Natal, Cathedral Peak Nature Reserve, Rainbow Gorge, 28°57.60’S 29°13.61’E, 1480 m, 3–15.XII.2005, MT, M. Mostovski leg., 1♀ ( NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Eshowe, near Ntumeni Nature Reserve, 28°52.08’S 31°22.41’E, 680 m, 23.II–20.IV.2007, MT, Kolyada & Mostovski leg., 1♀ ( NMSA); same locality la- bel, 20.IV–26.X.2007, MT, Kolyada & Mostovski leg., 2♂♂ ( NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Royal Natal National Park, Mahai Camp, 28°41.27’S 28°56.86’E, 1450 m, 24.XI–6.XII.2005, YPT, M. Mostovski leg., 1♂, 1♀ ( NMSA); same locality label, 25.XI–12.XII.2005, MT, 2♂♂ ( NMSA); KwaZulu-Natal, Ashburton, 29°39’23’’S 30°27’41’’E, 15– 30.III.2006, MT, G. Whiteley leg., 1♂ ( DJBC); same locality label, 14–27.II.2006, 1♂ ( DJBC); KwaZulu-Natal, Anyskop Farm, 5.5 km 290° W Langebaanweg, 32°57.394’S 18°05.324’E, 2–9.X.2002, MT, Sand Plain Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); KwaZulu-Natal, Hlogoma, 4.4 km 127° SE Underberg, 29°48.308’S 29°32.293’E, 4–7.XII.2001, MT, Moits Upland Grassland on dolerite, livestock grazed, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ ( SAMC); Limpopo, 30 km E of Nylstroom ( PMA); Limpopo, Krüger National Park, Pafuri, Jct. Limpopo River–Levuvhu River ( PMA); Limpopo, Trichardtsdal, 15 km W of Malta, 900 m, ( PMA); Limpopo, 15 km NW of Klaserie, Guernsey Farm ( PMA); Mpumalanga, Krüger National Park, Skukuza ( PMA); Mpumalanga, Graskop, 1500 m ( PMA); Northern Cape, Nieuwoudtville, Hantam National Botanical Garden, 31°24.845’S 19°09.443’E, 787 m, 17.III–21.IV.2008, MT, Nieuwoudtville Dolerite, Koppie Renosterveld, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); same locality label, 22.X– 18.XI.2008, 1♀ ( SAMC); Northern Cape, Avontuur Farm, 16 km NW Nieuwoudtville, 1°16.249’S 19°02.900’E, 764 m, 28.IX–29.XII.2010, MT, Bokkeveld Sandstone Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., GL07-FYN1-M152, SAM-HYM- A035785, 1♀ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Mossel Bay, V.1921, VI.1921, 1–3.VII.1921, X.1921, VI–VII.1930, 28.III.1939, R. E. Turner leg., 1♀, 6♂♂ ( NHMUK); same locality label, 1♂ ( AMNH); Western Cape, Ceres, I.1921, 2–21.III.1921, IV.1925, R.E. Turner leg., 2♀♀, 2♂♂ ( NHMUK); Western Cape, Cape Town, Tokai State Forest, Constantiaberge, above Donkerboskloof, 34°02’S 18°23.5’E, 460 m, 25.I–2.II.1994, MT, Mountain Fynbos on Sandstone, Protea dominated, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ ( SAMC); same locality label, 12–17.IX.1993, 1♂ ( SAMC); same locality label, 2–9.II.1994, Mesic Mountain Fynbos, Protea coronata dominated, 1♂ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Walker Bay Nature Reserve, 34°27.41’S 19°21.39’E, 14.VI–12.VII.1997, 4.X–1.XI.1997, 29.XI–26.XII.1997, 24.I–21.II.1998, YPT, S. van Noort & B. Fisher leg., 1♀, 4♂♂ ( SAMC); same locality label, 11.VIII–6.IX.1997, S. van Noort leg., 30♂♂, 1♀ ( SAMC); same locality label, IX–XII.1997, MT, S. van Noort leg., 6♀♀, 10♂♂ ( SAMC); same locality label, 17–31.V.1997, MT, S. van Noort leg., 6♂♂ ( SAMC); same locality label, 6.IX–4.X.1997, MT, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 2♂♂ ( CAS); same locality label, 9.VIII–6.IX.1997, 1♂ ( CAS); Western Cape, Walker Bay Nature Reserve, 34°27.414’S 19°21.393’E, 28.XII.1997 – 21.III.1998, MT, South Coast Strandveld, 57 m, S. van Noort leg., 2♂♂ ( SAMC, MOLC); same locality label, 21.III–18.IV.1998, 1♀ ( SAMC); same locality label, 31.V.1997, sweep, 1♀ ( MOLC); same locality label, 4.X.1997, sweep, 1♀ ( SAMC); same locality label, 21.II– 21.III.1998, 1♂ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Koeberg Nature Reserve, 33°37’622’’S 18°24’259’’E, 20.III–17.IV.1998, MT, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC): Western Cape, Langberg Farm, 3 km 280° W Langebaanweg, 32°58.045’S 18°07.418’E, 9–16.X.2002, MT, Sand Plain Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°57’402’’S 18°05’438’’E, 5.5 km 290° W Langebaanweg, 11–18.IX.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); Western Cape, West Coast Fossil Park, 32°57’817’’S 18°06’837’’E, 4 km 280° E Langebaanweg, 11–18.IX.2002, MT, rehabilitated mine dump, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ ( MOLC); same local- ity label, 2–9.X.2002, 1♀ ( SAMC); same locality label, 18–25.IX.2002, 1♀ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Gamkaberg Nature Reserve, 33°43.745’S 21°56.972’E, 1000 m, 10.IX–4.XI.2009, MT, Renosterveld, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Gamkaberg Nature Reserve, 33°44.090’S 21°55.654’E, 997 m, 4.X.2010 – 25.I.2011, YPT, Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., GB09-FYN2-Y77, 1♂ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Gamkaberg Nature Reserve, 33°43.663’S 21°57.600’E, 940 m, 4.X.2010 – 25.I.2011, MT, Rooiberg Sandstone Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., GB09-FYN1-M52, 1♂ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Kogelberg Nature Reserve, 34°16.481’S 19°01.033’E, 16.I– 16.II.1999, MT, Mesic Mountain Fynbos, last burnt c. 1978, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC); same locality label, 16.XI–16.XII.1998, 1♀ ( SAMC); Western Cape, 45 km SE Sutherland, 32°44.773’S 20°55.624’E, 31.III.2010, MT, Sweep of green herbaceous verge along dry river course with pools of water, Suculent Karoo, MDK10-SUC1-S01, S. van Noort leg., 1♂ ( SAMC); Western Cape, Fynbos Estate, Dragonridge, 33°34.092’S 18°47.680’E, 635 m, 28.IX–28.XII.2010, MT, Boland Granite Fynbos, S. van Noort leg., DRA09-FYN1-M05, 1♂ ( SAMC). TANZA- NIA: Arusha, Serengeti National Park Hqts. ( USUC); Korogwe, 10 mi. E of Korogwe, 300 m, 11.XI.1957 ( CAS). UGANDA: Wakiso, Entebbe ( CNC). YEMEN: Al Kadan, X.2001, I.2003, light trap, A. van Harten & T. Abdul-Haq leg., 1♀, 1♂ ( MOLC); Al Lahima, 9.IV–5.VI.2001, MT, A. van Harten leg., 1♂ ( MOLC); Ta’izz, X.2001, light trap, A. van Harten & A.R. Al Yarimi leg., 1♀, 1♂ ( MOLC). ZIMBABWE: Harare, 23.X.1970, A. Watsham leg., 1♂ ( NHMUK); Harare (= Salisbury), Chishawasha, III.1978, A. Watsham leg., 1♂ ( NHMUK).

Hosts. Typhlocybinae (Cicadellidae) ( Guglielmino et al. 2013): in Mozambique: Empoascanara ethiopica Dworakowska and Molopopterus alfa Dworakowska ; in Nigeria: Empoasca sp.

Distribution. Botswana, Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Ethiopia, Gambia, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Somalia, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda, Zimbabwe, Yemen.

Figures

FIGURE 12. A: head of Aphelopus sp. in frontal view. B: head of Crovettia sp. in frontal view. C, D, E: ♂ genitalia (right half removed). C: Aphelopus incisus Olmi from Madagascar, 22°13.59’S 43°21.59’E. D: Aphelopus incisus Olmi from Madagascar, 23°31.39’S 44°09.16’E. E: Aphelopus mediocarinatus (Benoit) from Botswana, Serowe. Scale bar:A, B: 0.16 mm; C: 0.07 mm; D: 0.05 mm; E: 0.06 mm.

FIGURE 16. Aphelopus incisus Olmi: ♂ from Central African Republic, 03°02.01’N 16°24.57’E in dorsal (A) and lateral (B) view; ♀ from Uganda, 00°33.784’N 30°21.617’E in dorsal (C; length of head + mesosoma 1.2 mm) and lateral (D) view. Aphelopus mediocarinatus (Benoit): E: ♂ in lateral view from South Africa, 34°27.414’S 19°21.393’E. F: ♀ in lateral view from South Africa, 33°43.745’S 21°56.972’E.