Conganteon vulcanicum Benoit, 1951

Olmi, Massimo, Copeland, Robert S. & Noort, Simon Van, 2019, Dryinidae of the Afrotropical region (Hymenoptera, Chrysidoidea), Zootaxa 4630 (1), pp. 1-619 : 76-78

9. Conganteon vulcanicum Benoit, 1951

( Figs 21A, B , 23 A–F, 26 F, 29 B)

Conganteon vulcanicus Benoit 1951c: 12 .

Conganteon vulcanicum Benoit : Olmi 1984: 103; 1994c: 9; Azevedo et al. 2010: 888; Olmi et al. 2015: 340; 2016: 52.

Description. ♀ ( Figs 21A, B , 23 A–C). Fully winged; body length 2.4–3.0 mm. Head black, except mandible testa- ceous (in specimen from South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, head black, except mandible, clypeus and ante- rior third of frons yellowish); antenna brown, except scape and pedicel testaceous (in specimen from South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, antenna totally testaceous); mesosoma and metasoma black; legs testaceous, except coxae and metafemora partly black (in specimen from South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, legs totally yellow). Antenna clavate; antennomeres in following proportions: 9:5:10:7:7:6:6:6:5.5:8. Head shiny, setose, completely reticulate rugose; occipital carina complete; temple distinct, completely reticulate rugose; POL = 2.5; OL = 5; OOL = 8; OPL = 6. Pronotal tubercle reaching tegula. Mesoscutum shiny, setose, completely reticulate rugose (in specimen from South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, mesoscutum reticulate rugose, except posterior third punctate, unsculptured among punctures). Notauli absent. Mesoscutellum shiny, with anterior half unsculptured and posterior half reticulate rugose. In ♀ from Kenya, Kisere Forest, mesoscutellum completely reticulate rugose; in ♀♀ from South Africa, Asante Sana Game Reserve, mesoscutellum unsculptured. Metanotum reticulate rugose. Metapectalpropodeal disc and propodeal declivity completely reticulate rugose, without keels. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands. 2r-rs&Rs vein angled between proximal and distal parts; distal part slightly longer than proximal part (9:7); pterostigma brown, short and oval. Protarsomeres of holotype in following proportions: 11:2:2:3:7; protarsomere 3 produced into hook. In ♀ from Kenya, Kisere Forest, protarsomere 1 twice as long as 4. Enlarged claw ( Fig. 26F ) without teeth, or bristles, or setae, or lamellae. Protarsomere 5 ( Fig. 26F ) with 1 long row of 27 lamellae extending continuously to apex; apex with 5 lamellae, one of these very long. Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

♂ ( Figs 23 D–F). Fully winged; body length 1.8–3.3 mm. Head black; mandible black, except distal half tes- taceous-brown (in ♂♂ from Kenya, 2.07846°S 38.22530°E and 2.01477°S 38.32618°E, clypeus, malar space and anterior margin of frons whitish; in ♂♂ from South Africa, 32°32.033’S 25°14.267’E, clypeus, malar space and anterior surface of frons between antennal toruli testaceous; in ♂♂ from Madagascar, 18°55.58’S 48°24.47’E, clyp- eus totally black); antenna brown (in specimen from South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, antenna testaceous); mesosoma and metasoma black (in ♂♂ from Kenya, 2.07846°S 38.22530°E and 2.01477°S 38.32618°E, pronotal tubercle testaceous; in specimen from South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, lateral regions of pronotum browntestaceous); legs black-brown, except tarsi testaceous (in specimen from South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, legs testaceous). In ♂♂ from Kenya, 2°27.90’S 37°54.91’E and 2.01477°S 38.32618°E, clypeus testaceous. An- tenna filiform; antennomeres in following proportions: 6:3:8:7:7:7:6:5:6:7. Head dull, completely reticulate rugose (in ♂♂ from Kenya, 2.07846°S 38.22530°E and 2.01477°S 38.32618°E, frons reticulate rugose and with some irregular longitudinal keels); frontal line present; occipital carina complete; POL = 4; OL = 2; OOL = 5; OPL = 4; TL = 7. In specimens from Kenya, 2.05111°S 38.32613°E, and South Africa, 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, vertex with longitudinal keels and areolae between lateral ocelli and occipital carina. Mesoscutum, mesoscutellum and metanotum dull, completely reticulate rugose (in ♂♂ from Madagascar, 18°55.58’S 48°24.47’E, posterior half of mesoscu- tum partly granulate and slightly or not rugose). In specimens from Kenya, 2.07846°S 38.22530°E and 2.01477°S 38.32618°E, mesoscutum with anterior half reticulate rugose and posterior half strongly punctate. Notauli absent (in specimens from Kenya, 2.07846°S 38.22530°E and 2.01477°S 38.32618°E, notauli hardly visible, incomplete, reaching about 0.5 × length of mesoscutum). Occasionally mesoscutellum and metanotum strongly punctate, unsculptured among punctures. In large ♂♂ (3.2–3.3 mm) from Madagascar, 18°55.58’S 48°24.47’E, mesoscutum almost smooth near posterior margin, mesoscutellum shiny, finely punctate and unsculptured among punctures, and metanotum reticulate rugose. Metapectal-propodeal disc reticulate rugose, without transverse posterior keel; propodeal declivity without longitudinal keels. Forewing hyaline, without dark transverse bands. 2r-rs& Rs vein angled between proximal and distal parts; distal part longer than proximal part (6:5). Paramere without proximal membranous process and without distal inner pointed process ( Fig. 29B ). Tibial spurs 1/1/2.

Material examined. Type: ♀ holotype: RWANDA: Burambi, Muhavura Volcano , 2325 m, 5.IX.1934, Mission G.F. de Witte ( MRAC) . Other material: DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: North Kivu, Virunga National Park (= Albert National Park ), Mt. Ruwenzori , Kyandolire , Bomboka ( MRAC) ; North Kivu , Virunga National Park (= Albert National Park ), Mt. Hoyo , 1280 m, 7–15.VII.1955, P. Vanschuytbroeck leg., 2♂♂, 1♀ ( AMNH); same locality label, many ♂♂, ♀♀ ( MRAC) . KENYA: Eastern Prov., Kibwezi Forest , 2°27.90’S 37°54.91’E, 13–20.XI.1999, MT, R. Copeland leg., 1♂ ( NMK) ; Eastern Prov. , Kasaala area, 2.07846°S 38.22530°E, 740 m, 28.XI–4.XII.2013, 6 m MT, just inside woodland patch, J. Bukhebi & R. Copeland leg., 12♂♂, 1♀ ( NMK), 2♂♂ ( MOLC) ; Eastern Prov. , Kasaala area, 2.07836°S 38.22517°E, 733 m, 5–19.XI.2015, MT, just inside isolated woodland patch, R. Copeland leg., 2♂♂ ( NMK) ; same locality label, 13–27.XI.2014, 1♂ ( NMK) ; same locality label, 11–25.XI.2016, 2♂♂ ( NMK) ; Eastern Prov., Simisi area , 2.01477°S 38.32618°E, 653 m, 1–4.XII.2013, MT, shru- bland near Kwandula Hill, J. Bukhebi and R. Copeland leg., 2♂♂ ( NMK, MOLC) ; Eastern Prov., Simisi area , 2.05111°S 38.32613°E, 710 m, 28.XI–1.XII.2013, MT, near base of Yamalu Hill, J. Bukhebi and R. Copeland leg., 1♂ ( NMK) ; Rift Valley Prov., Oloitokitok , 2.94456°S 37.50714°E, 1853 m, 30.IX–14.X.2011, MT, edge of indig- enous forest, R. Copeland leg., 1♀ ( NMK) ; Western Prov., Kakamega District, Kisere Forest , 28.VI–19.VII.2001, Manfred Kraemer leg., ex Michael von Tschirnhaus collection, 1♀ ( MOLC) . MADAGASCAR: Antananarivo, An- karatra ( MNHN) ; Antsiranana, Montagne d’Ambre National Park , 12°31S 49°11’’E, 975 m, 4–10.III.2001, MT, M.E. Irwin, E.I. Schlinger & R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-01-01B-06, 1♂ ( CAS) ; Fianarantsoa, Miandritsara Forest, 40 Km S Ambositra , 20°47.56’S 47°10.54’E, 825 m, 28.XII.2006 – 4.I.2007, MT, low altitude rainforest, M. Irwin, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-29-73, 1♂ ( CAS) ; same locality label, 19–28.XII.2006, 1♀ ( CAS) ; same locality label, 27.II–8.III.2007, MA-29-80, 1♀ ( CAS) ; Toamasina, Andasibe National Park , 18°55.58’S 48°24.47’E, botanic gar- den near entrance to park, 1025 m, 1–5.IX.2001, MT, tropical forest, R. Harin’Hala leg., MA-01-08B-11, 4♂♂ (3 in CAS, 1 in MOLC) ; same locality label, 1–7.XI.2001, 10♂♂ ( CAS) . SOUTH AFRICA: Eastern Cape, Pearston , Plains of Camdeboo Game Reserve, 32°32.033’S 25°14.267’E, 969 m, 30.X.2009 – 22.II.2010, MT, Camdeboo Escarpment Ticket, S. van Noort leg., 5♂♂ (4 in SAMC, 1 in MOLC) ; Eastern Cape, Asante Sana Game Reserve , 32°16.762’S 24°57.309’E, 1186 m, 23.II–7.IV.2010, MT, Southern Karoo Riviere, S. van Noort leg., 1♀, 3♂♂ (2 in SAMC, 1 in MOLC) ; Eastern Cape, Asante Sana Game Reserve , 32°14.930’S 24°56.975’E, 1642 m, 23.II– 7.IV.2010, MT, Southern Karoo Riviere, S. van Noort leg., 6♀♀ (5 in SAMC, 1 in MOLC) ; Eastern Cape, Huntly Glen Farm , 32°24.561’S 25°05.946’E, 1065 m, 6.X.2010 – 18.I.2011, YPT, Great Fish Thicket, HUN 10-ACA1-Y04, S. van Noort leg., 2♀♀, 2♂♂ ( SAMC) ; same locality label, HUN 10-ACA1-Y05, 1♂ ( SAMC) . UGANDA: Western Region, Kibale National Park, Kanyawara , Makerere University Biological Field Station , 0°33.891’N 30°21.468’E, 1506 m, 4–26.VIII.2008, YPT, primary mid-altitude rainforest, S. van Noort leg., 1♀ ( SAMC)

.

Hosts. Unknown.

Distribution. Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Madagascar, Rwanda, South Africa, Uganda.

Figures

FIGURE 21. Conganteon vulcanicum Benoit, ♀ holotype in dorsal (A) and lateral view (B). Conganteon sp. ♂ in dorsal view (C). Conganteon kolyadai Olmi, ♂ from South Africa, 29°39.23’S 30°27.41’E, in dorsal view (D). Scale bar: A: 2.34 mm; B: 1.47 mm; C: 2.55 mm; D: 4.18 mm.

FIGURE 23. Conganteon vulcanicum Benoit:A, B, C: ♀ from Uganda, 0°33.891’N 30°21.468’E: head and mesosoma in dorsal view (A); habitus in lateral view (B); head in frontal view (C); D, E, F: ♂ from South Africa, 32°16.762’S 24°57.309’E: D: head and mesosoma in dorsal view (D); habitus in lateral view (E); head in frontal view (F).

FIGURE 26. Chelae of Conganteon species holotype. A: C. fisheri Olmi; B: C. kolyadai Olmi; C: C. lymanorum Olmi, Copeland & Guglielmino; D: C. townesi Olmi; E: C. transvaalense Olmi; F: C. vulcanicum Benoit. Scale bar: A: 1.08 mm; B: 1.10 mm; C: 0.88 mm; D: 0.89 mm; E: 1.25 mm; F: 0.78 mm.

FIGURE 29. ♂ genitalia of Conganteon species. A: C. vannoorti Olmi, holotype; B: C. vulcanicum Benoit, ♂ from Kenya, 2°27.90’S 37°54.91’E; C: C. walkerense Olmi, paratype. D: Chela of Fiorianteon sp. E: ♂ genitalia of Fiorianteon sulcatum Guglielmino, Olmi, Marletta & Speranza, holotype (left half removed). Scale bar: A: 0.11 mm; B: 0.09 mm; C: 0.10 mm; D: 0.89 mm; E: 0.07 mm.