Paragona nemorata Kononenko & Han

Kononenko, Vladimir S., Han, Hui-Lin, Yu, Alexej & V, Ато, 2010, A review of the Eastern Palaearctic genera Paragona Staudinger, 1892 and Paragabara Hampson, 1926 with description of two new species and a new genus (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae: Aventiinae, Hypeninae), Zootaxa 2679, pp. 51-68 : 55-56

Paragona nemorata Kononenko & Han , sp. n.

( Figs. 5, 6 , 21, 22 , 32 )

Kononenko 2005: 65 ( Paragona sp.); Kononenko, Han 2007: 35, pl. 8, fig. 5; Pl. 182, fig. 1 ( Paragona sp.).

Types. Holotype: female, Korea, Gwangneung, Prov. Gyeonggi, 8.viii.2006 (H.L. Han), genitalia prep. KNA 788; Paratypes: 1 female, same locality, 6.vi.1999 (B.K. Byun), genitalia prep. KNA 786; 6 females same locality, 8.viii.2006 (H.L. Han), genitalia prep. KNA 787 (preserved in Korean National Arboretum, Gwangneung, Korea); 1 male, Forest Dam. Gwangneung, 37°45'14'' N, 127°09'E 13.viii 2005 (B.K. Byun), genitalia slide KNA 1049 HL; 1 female with same data, genitalia slide KNA 1050 HL (NEFU); 1 male, Russia, Primorye terr. Kedrovaya Pad Nature Reserve 12.vi. 1974 (V. Kononenko), genitalia prep. 554 VK IBSS. Holotype and 7 females paratypes preserved in Korean National Arboretum, Gwangneung, Korea; 1 male and 1 female paratype preserved in Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, China; 1 male paratype preserved in the Institute of Biology and Soil Science, Russia, Vladivostok.

Diagnosis. P. n e m o r a t a is congeneric with P. multisignata and P. cognata and P. cleorides . Externally the new species is most similar to P. cleorides , but differs in smaller size, reduced shining scales on abdomen, narrower forewing, darker wing colour and details of wing pattern. In the male genitalia, it differs from its congeners in shape of valva with parallel costal and ventral margins, acute apex and ventral extension of costa and central position of clasper and harpe. The female genitalia have short anterior apophyses as in P. multisignata , sclerotized ductus bursae broader than in P. multisignata , but narrower than in P. cognata ; corpus bursae with numerous small spine-like signa in bottom part of the corpus bursa unlike the related species, which have signa in mid part ( P. multisignata ) or in caudal part ( P. cognata ) of corpus bursae.

Description. Adult ( Figs. 5, 6 ). Head and thorax brown-grey; dorsal side of abdomen brown grey with pairs patch of silver-shining scales on each segment. Wings covered with thin elongated scales, cilia formed by long hair-like scales. Ground colour of wing dark brown-grey, darker in costal and basal areas, with suffusion of ash-grey scales; basal field darker than background, defined by diffused grey subbasal line; medial field brownish-grey with diffused rusty-reddish patch in center; orbicular not traceable; medial shadow somewhat darker background, diffused, darker in costal field; reniform blackish, as vertical streak; antemedial line pale ash-grey, wide, diffused; subterminal field grey-brownish, darker in costal area; subterminal line wide, pale yellowish-grey, diffused; terminal field brown-grey with suffusion of pale grey scales; cilia formed by long scales, yellowish-grey with dark grey. Hindwing pattern reflect those of forewing, basal area greyish, medial field ash-grey with rusty-brown patch; reniform thin, blackish; antemedial field brown-grey, subterminal line ash-grey, wide, diffused; terminal area brown-grey with ash-grey suffusion, cilia yellowishgrey with dark grey.

Male genitalia ( Figs. 21, 22 ). Uncus straight, apically somewhat extended and pointed; tegumen narrow, without lateral extensions; vinculum almost equal to tegumen; juxta vertically splitted; valva rather narrow, basally with parallel margins, apically somewhat extended; costa straight, apically pointed; digitus projected ventrally on apical third of valva, rather broad, sclerotized, pointed; harpe deposited in medial part of valva, short, broad at the base, pointed apically. Aedeagus straight, vesica bulbous, bearing two small cornuti.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 32 ). Papillae anales broad, quadrangular, apophyses anterior very short, 3 times shorter than posterior ones; antevaginal plates present, splitted; ductus bursae short, sclerotized; bursae copulatrix ovoid, in caudal part wrinkled, bearing small spine-like signum in proximal third; ductus seminalis falls into small extension in proximal part of bursae.

Distribution and biology. ( Fig. 41 ). Manchurian–continental. South of Russian Far East (south Primorye), South Korea. The species was collected in Primorye and South Korea in similar biotopes – old rich broad leaved mixed forest with Pinus koraiensis and Abies nephrophila .

Notes. A single male was collected by the first author in 1974 in zone of mixed broad leaved – coniferous forest in the south of Primorye territory, Russian Far East. Twenty five years later a series was collected by the second author in similar habitat in Korean National Arboretum, Guangneung forest near Seoul, South Korea. The species was referred by Kononenko (2005) for the Primorye territory and male and female genitalia illustrated ( Kononenko & Han 2007) as “ Paragona sp.”

Etymology. The species name “ nemorata ” refers to nemoral Manchurian broadleaved – coniferous forest, the typical habitat of the new species.

Figures

FIGURES 1 – 8. Paragona sp., external appearance. 1. P. cognata, male, syntype, Russia, Primorye terr. (MNHU); 2. P. multisignata, male, syntype, Russia, Amur. (MNHU); 3. P. inchoata, male, China (ZFMK); 4. P. cleoridis, male, Japan (ZMHU); 5, 6. P. n e m o r a t a, paratypes, male and female, South Korea (KNA); 7, 8. P. dubia, Taiwan, type (after Wang 1994).

FIGURES 17 – 22. Paragona sp., male genitalia. 17. P. cognata, Russia, Primorye terr., prep. 550 VK (IBSS); 18. P. multisignata, Russia, Primorye terr., glycerin prep. AM (ZISP); 19. P. inchoata, South Korea, prep. 277 - 1 HHL (CIS); 20. P. cleoridis, Japan, prep. 021508 - 1 VK (ZMHU); 21, 22. P. n e m o r a t a, 21 – paratype, South Korea prep. 1049 - 1 HHL (KNA), 22 – Russia, Primorye terr., paratype, prep. 554 VK (IBSS);

FIGURES 29 – 36. Paragona, Paragabara and Remmigabara, female genitalia. 29. P. cognata, Russia, Primorye terr., glycerin prep. AM (ZISP); 30. P. multisignata, N China, prep. 798 HHL (CIS); 31. P. inchoata, South Korea, prep. 277 - 2 HHL (CIS); 32. P. n e m o r a t a, paratype, South Korea, prep. 1050 - 1 HHL (KNA); 33. Paragabara flavomacula, Russia, Primorye terr., glycerin prep. AM (ZISP); 34. P. ochreipennis, Japan, prep. 0080 Matov (ZISP); 35. P. curvicornuta, Russia, Primorye terr., prep. 0086 Matov. (ZISP); 36. Remmigabara secunda, S Korea, prep. 275 - 2 HHL (CIS);

FIGURES 37 – 44. Paragona, Paragabara and Remmigabara, distribution maps. 37. Paragona cognata; 38. P. multisignata; 39. P. inchoata; 40. P. cleoridis; 41. P. n emor at a; 42. Paragabara flavomacula; 43. P. ochreipennis; 44. P. curvicornuta; 46. Remmigabara secunda.