Euscorpius popovi Tropea, Fet, Parmakelis, Kotsakiozi et Stathi, 2015

Tropea, Gioele, Fet, Victor, Parmakelis, Aristeidis, Kotsakiozi, Panayiota & Stathi, Iasmi, 2015, A new species of Euscorpius from Bulgaria and Greece (Scorpiones: Euscorpiidae), Euscorpius 207 (207), pp. 1-15 : 2-8

Euscorpius popovi Tropea, Fet, Parmakelis, Kotsakiozi et Stathi , sp. n.

( Figures 1–20 , Tables 1–4) http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:87870C36-

3317-450C-B812-3ECE87 E83641

References:

Euscorpius carpathicus , sensu lato (=” Euscorpius carpathicus complex”), “ Subgroup A1”: Fet, 2000: 52 (in part).

Euscorpius sp. 1 (“ carpathicus complex”): Teruel et al., 2004: 5–7, figs. 16–17.

Euscorpius sp. (“ carpathicus complex”): Fet & Soleglad, 2007: 413, figs. 13–15 (in part: “southwestern group”).

Euscorpius sp., clade E4: Parmakelis et al., 2013a: 10 (in part).

Euscorpius sp. “ FESP21 Bulgaria ”: Tropea et al., 2015: fig. 21.

Type material (28 specimens: 10 ♂, 18 ♀):

Holotype: ♂, BULGARIA. Blagoevgrad Province: Sandanski District, Melnik , 29 April 1983, leg. P. Beron, S. Andreev & V. Pomakov ( NMHNS 88 ).

Paratypes: BULGARIA. Blagoevgrad Province: Petrich District, Belasitsa Mts. , 41.4°N, 23.22°E, 22 July 1930, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♂ ( NMHNS 315 ) ; Sandanski District, Slavyanka (= Alibotush ) Mts. , Summer Post No. 10, 41.38°N, 23.62°E, 28 June 1937, leg. J. Zonkov, 3 ♀ ( NMHNS 501 ) ; same data, 3 ♀ ( NMHNS 506 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., Post No. 16, 1020 m, 41.38°N, 23.62°E, 6 June 1935, leg. P. Drenski, 1 ♂, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS 508 ) ; same data, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( MSNB) ; Slavyanka Mts. , Post No. 17, 1400 m, 7 June 1935, leg. J. Zonkov, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS 519 ) ; same data, 1 ♀ ( NHMC) ; Slavyanka Mts. , 20 June 1929, leg. K. Tuleschkov, 1 ♂ ( NMHNS 522 ) ; same data, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( MZUR) ; same data, 1 ♂ ( NHMC) ; Sandanski District, Pirin Mts., above Popina Laka , 1350 m, 9 June 1988, leg. P. Beron, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS) ; same data, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( NHMW) .

GREECE. Central Macedonia: Serres, Kerkini Mts. , 800 m, 19 July 2003, leg. G. Ramel, 1 ♂, 2 ♀ ( VFPC; used for DNA as FESP13 ; geneseq-2) .

Other E. popovi sp. n. examined (not included in type series) (75 specimens: 32 ♂, 43 ♀):

BULGARIA. Blagoevgrad Province: Gotse Delchev District, Musomishta , Grebenaro, no date, leg. P. Beron & S. Andreev, 2 ♂ ( NMHNS 31 ) ; same locality, 19 May 2004, leg. P. Beron & B. Petrov, 1 ♂, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS) ; Hadzhidimovo District, Ilinden, Pazlaka , 6 May 1981, leg. P. Beron, S. Andreev & V. Pomakov, 6 ♂, 4 ♀ ( NMHNS 7 , NMHNS 13 ) ; Hadzhidimovo District, Paril, Hambardere , 8 May 1981, leg. P. Beron & S. Andreev, 3 ♀ ( NMHNS 11 ) ; Hadzhidimovo District, Paril, near Rupata Cave , 9 May 1981, leg. P. Beron & S. Andreev, 2 ♂ ( NMHNS 2 ) ; Hadzhidimovo District, Stargach Mts., below Laki , close to Parilska Reka , 500 m, 18 May 2004, leg. P. Beron & B. Petrov, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS) ; Kresna District, Struma Valley, Stara Kresna , 6–7 April 1988, leg. M. Langourov, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS) ; Petrich District, Belasitsa Mts. , 22 July 1930, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♂ ( NMHNS 315 ) ; Petrich District, Belasitsa Mts. , 4 May 1979, leg. Z. Hubenov, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS) ; Petrich District, Belasitsa Mts. , 8 June 1989, leg. P. Mitov, 2 ♂ ( NMHNS) ; Petrich District, Belasitsa Mts., near Petrich , 14 May 1995, leg. P. Beron, 1 ♂ ( NMHNS 268 ) ; Sandanski District, Goleshovo , near karstic source, 10 May 1984, leg. P. Beron & S. Andreev, 3 ♀ ( NMHNS) ; Sandanski District, Melnik , 31 May 2000, leg. B. Petrov, 2 ♂ imm. ( NMHNS 245 ) ; Sandanski District, Melnik , 31 May 1999, leg. V. Fet & V. Sakalian, 1 ♂ ( VFPC; used for DNA as FESP 21 ; geneseq-3) ; Sandanski District, Pirin Mts., between Lilyanovo and Popina Laka , 800–1000 m, 8 June 1988, leg. P. Beron, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS) ; Sandanski District, Pirin Mts., above Popina Laka , 1350 m, 9 June 1988, leg. P. Beron, 1 ♂ imm. ( NMHNS) ; Sandanski District, Pirin Mts. , southern part, 900 m, 14 April 1996, leg. B. Petrov, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS 196 ) . Sandanski District, Slavyanka (= Alibotush ) Mts. , 22 May 1925, leg. P. Drenski, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS 537 ) ; Slavyanka Mts. , 20 June 1929, leg. K. Tuleschkov, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS 511 ) ; Slavyanka Mts. , 6 June 1935, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS 286 ) ; Slav- yanka Mts. , Post No. 16, 1020 m, 6 June 1935, leg. P. Drenski, 1 ♂, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS 287 ) ; Slavyanka Mts. , 6 June 1935, leg. P. Drenski, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS 298 ) ; Slavyanka Mts. , Post No. 17, 1400 m, 7 June 1935, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♂ imm. ( NMHNS 519 ) ; Slavyanka Mts. , 8 June 1935, leg. J. Zonkov, 3 ♀ ( NMHNS 515 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., Hambardere , 7 June 1936, leg. J. Zonkov, 2 ♀ ( NMHNS 292 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., Tsarev Vrah summit, 7 June 1936, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS 531 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., Summer Post No. 1, 1450 m, below Tsarev Vrah summit, 7 June 1936, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS 545 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., 1850 m, below Tsarev Vrah summit, 8 June 1936, leg. J. Zonkov, 3 ♂, 3 ♀ ( NMHNS 520 ) ; Slavyanka Mts. , Post No. 18, 1650 m, 9 June 1936, leg. N. Atanasov, 1 ♂, 4 ♀ ( NMHNS 544 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., 2100 m, Tsarev Vrah summit, 9 July 1936, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS 548 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., Summer Post 10, 41.38°N, 23.62°E, 28 June 1937, leg. J. Zonkov, 1 ♀ imm. ( NMHNS 506 ) ; Slavyanka Mts., below Gotsev Vrah summit, 2000 m, 26 July 2004, leg. B. Petrov, 2 ♂ ( NMHNS) ; Slavyanka Mts., Livade , MSS trap, 9 September–17 October 2006, 1780 m, leg. N. Simov, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( NMHNS) .

GREECE. Central Macedonia: Serres, Kerkini Mts. , 800 m, 19 July 2003, leg. G. Ramel, 2 ♀ ( VFPC) .

Etymology: We are pleased to name this new species after the great Bulgarian entomologist, Dr. Alexi Popov (National Museum of Natural History, Sofia, Bulgaria), whose contributions over many decades greatly increased the knowledge of the entomofauna and zoogeography of Bulgaria and the Balkan Peninsula.

Distribution: Bulgaria (southwest), Greece (northeast, near southwestern Bulgarian border) ( Fig. 19 ).

Diagnosis. A medium-sized Euscorpius species, total length 31–39 mm (mean 34.5). Color of adults light to medium brown/reddish, carapace darker. Reticulation or marbling varies from absent to marked on chelicerae, carapace, mesosoma and metasoma. The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface is 4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). The number of trichobothria on the pedipalp patella ventral surface usually from 7 to 8. The number of trichobothria on pedipalp patella external surface is: eb = 4, eba = 4, esb = 2, em = 4, est = 4, et = 5 to 6. The pectinal teeth number in males is 8 to 10, mostly 9; in females, usually 7 to 8. Dorsal patellar spur well-developed. Femur usually more or less as long as wide; Lfem/Lpat ratio is 0.99. Carapace more or less as long as wide; mean ratio Lcar/Wcar 1.041 in males and 0.982 in females; mean distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin of the carapace is 41.62% of the carapace length. Mean ratio of Lmet/Lcar is 2.82 in males and 2.55 in females.

Trichobothrial and pectinal teeth count variation

The variation observed in 103 studied specimens (42 ♂, 61 ♀) is given below.

Pectinal teeth in males (n=42): 7/7 (2), 7/ 8 (2), 8/? (1), 8/8 (2), 8/9 (3), 9/8 (5), 9/9 (18), 9/10 (4), 10/9 (4), 11/10 (1); in total, 7 in 7.23 % (6), 8 in 18.07 % (15), 9 in 62.65 % (52) and 10 in 10.84 % (9); mean = 8.81, SD = 0.77.

Pectinal teeth in females (n=60): 6/7 (1), 7/6 (1), 7/7 (13), 7/8 (4), 8/7 (10), 8/8 (28), 9/8 (3); in total, 6 in 1.67 % (1), 7 in 35.00 % (42), 8 in 60.83 % (73) and 9 in 2.50 % (3); mean = 7.64, SD = 0.56.

Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pv (n=102): 6/6 (2), 6/7 (1), 6/8 (1), 7/? (1), 7/7 (27), 7/8 (13), 8/? (1), 8/7 (9), 8/8 (45), 8/9 (1), and 9/9 (1); in total, 6 in 0.99 % (2), 7 in 34.16 % (69), 8 in 55.88 % (38), and 9 in 1.49 % (3); mean = 7.57, SD = 0.58.

Pedipalp patella trichobothria Pe (n=102): et = 4/5(1), 5/4 (1), 4/6 (2), 5/5 (35), 5/6 (3), 6/? (2), 6/5 (7), 6/6 (48), 6/7 (1), 7/6 (1), 8/5 (1); in total, 4 in 1.98 % (4), 5 in 41.09 % (83) and 6 in 55.45 % (112); mean = 5.57, SD = 0.58; est, eba, eb = 4/? (2), 4/4 (33); esb = 2/? (2), 2/2 (100); em = 3/3 (1), 4/3 (1), 4/4 (100).

Description of the male holotype

Coloration: Whole color medium brownish with carapace and pedipalps darker reddish; sternites and pectines and genital operculum very light brownish/ivory; chelicerae orange, without marbling; telson yellowish/orange, with a longitudinal lighter line and dark reddish aculeus tip; all pedipalps carinae darker, dark brown to blackish colored; no marbling is present.

Carapace: Granulation of variable size is present on entire surface, except in the anterior area between the anterior edge, the lateral eyes and median eyes, which is almost smooth, very finely punctated, and the lateral area behind the lateral eyes, which has larger granules; anterior edge slightly granulated and concave; deep posterior lateral and anterior median furrows; two pairs of lateral eyes (with a larger anterior eye), and a pair of median eyes, situated distally of the middle; distance from center of median eyes to anterior margin is 40.91 % of carapace length.

Mesosoma: Tergites very finely granulated; sternites glossy and punctated. Small spiracles inclined about 45° downward toward outside.

Metasoma: All the metasomal segments are longer than wide. Dorsal carinae on segments I–IV granulated; ventrolateral carinae absent on segment I, obsolete or smooth on segments II–IV, serrulated on segment V; ventromedian carina absent on segments I–IV, the V with serrulated granules; the dorsal and lateral intercarinal spaces have very fine granulation, while the ventral intercarinal spaces is smooth or punctated.

Telson: Vesicle with a few very small granules, and ventral setae of different size, especially near the vesicle/aculeus juncture.

Pectines: Teeth number 9/9; middle lamellae number 6/6; several microsetae on proximal area of teeth, marginal lamellae, middle lamellae and fulcra.

Genital operculum: The genital operculum is formed by two longitudinally separated subtriangular sclerites; genital papillae protruding; a few microsetae are present.

Sternum: Pentagonal shape, type 2; more or less as long as wide, with a deep posterior emargination.

Pedipalps: Coxa and trochanter with tuberculated carinae. Femur: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated; dorsal external carinae formed by slightly spaced tubercles; external median carinae serrulated; ventral external carinae formed by spaced tubercles, well-formed only in the proximal one-third; anterior median formed by 10/12 spaced conical tubercles, varying in size; dorsal and ventral intercarinal spaces with granules of variable size. Patella: dorsal and ventral internal carinae tuberculated to granulated; dorsal and ventral external carinae crenulated, with low tubercles; dorsal intercarinal surface with scattered granules; ventral intercarinal surface with a few scattered granules, especially near ventral internal carinae. Dorsal patellar spur well-developed. Chelal carina D1 distinct, strong, dark, smooth to rough; D4 dark, rounded, smooth to rough; V1 distinct, strong, dark, and rough with a few tubercles proximally; V3 rounded, dark, and smooth; external carina granulated; intercarinal tegument finely granulated. Typical Euscorpius chela finger dentition.

Trichobothria: Chela: trichobothria on the pedipalp manus ventral surface 4/4 (V 1-3 +Et 1). Patella ventral (Pv): 8/8. Patella external (Pe): et = 6/6, est = 4/4, em = 4/4, esb = 2/2, eba = 4/4, eb = 4 / 4. Femur: trichoboth- ( HM418284 ); Parmakelis et al., 2013a, 2013b; Tropea et al., 2015 ( KP123428 ). “Genseq” designations according to Chakrabarty et al. (20

drenskii ) was deposited in GenBank under number KT602916 .

rium d is slightly proximal to i, while trichobothrium e is located well distally to both d and i, and situated on dorsal external carina.

Legs: With two pedal spurs; no tarsal spur; ventral row of tarsus III with a total of 11/11 spinules, of increasing size from proximal to distal, ending with a decentralized spinule. 5–10 prolateral spinules on ventral part of the basitarsus of the legs I and II, with none or two small spinules near the pedal spurs of the legs III and IV. Granulation well present on dorsal and ventral surface of leg femora, it is mostly marked and dark ventrally.

Chelicerae: Movable finger: the dorsal distal denticle is much smaller than the ventral distal denticle; ventral edge is smooth with brushlike setae on the inner part; dorsal edge has five denticles: one large distal, two small subdistal, one large median, and a small basal. Fixed finger has four denticles: one distal, one subdistal, one median, and one basal, the last two in a fork arrangement; the internal surface has brushlike setae.

Figures

Figure 19: Distribution of Euscorpius popovi, sp. nov., red icon indicating type locality.

Figures 1–2: Dorsal and ventral views of Euscorpius popovi, sp. nov., male.

Figures 3–4: Dorsal and ventral views of Euscorpius popovi, sp. nov., female.

Figures 5–18: Euscorpius popovi, sp. nov. 5. Carapace. 6. External view of the chela of adult male. 7. External view of the chela of adult female. 8. Dorsal view of pedipalp patella. 9. Ventral view of pedipalp patella. 10. External view of pedipalp patella. 11. Dorsal view of pedipalp femur. 12. Ventral view of pedipalp femur. 13. Dorsal view of the chela of adult male. 14. Dorsal view of the chela of adult male. 15. Telson of adult male. 16. Telson of adult female. 17. Ventral view of the metasomal segment V. 18. Lateral view of the metasomal segment V.

Figure 20: Maximum credibility tree inferred with BEAST v.1.8.2. Numbers above nodes indicate posterior probabilities (only values above