Anthobium fusculum (Erichson, 1839)

Shavrin, Alexey V. & Smetana, Aleš, 2018, A revision of Eastern Palaearctic Anthobium Leach, 1819 (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae: Anthophagini). II. fusculum group, and two additional species of the nigrum group, Zootaxa 4508 (4), pp. 451-506 : 453-454

Key to fusculum group

1 Punctation of each elytron not forming longitudinal rows of punctures........................................... 2

- Punctation of each elytron forming several vague and tangled longitudinal rows of punctures in middle................. 3

2 Pronotum about twice as wide as long, with anterior angles not or indistinctly protruded anteriad. Elytra moderately narrow, about as long as wide. Body reddish brown to brown. Larger: 2.26–3.25 mm. Aedeagus narrow ( Fig. 60 ). Habitus as in Fig. 5 . India, Nepal................................................................... A. cavicrus ( Champion, 1925)

- Pronotum slightly more than twice as wide as long, with anterior angles distinctly protruded anteriad. Elytra wide, longer than wide. Body yellow-brown. Smaller: 1.81–2.18 mm. Aedeagus wide ( Fig. 79 ). Habitus as in Fig. 74 . China: Sichuan ............................................................................. A. liliputense Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

3 Mediobasal portion of pronotum with distinct transverse moderately coarse microsculpture between punctures............ 4

- Pronotum without microsculpture between punctures......................................................... 5

4 Pronotum less than twice as wide as long. Body darker, brown to black. Aedeagus wide, with short parameres ( Figs. 38–43 , Shavrin 2013: Figs. 1–6 ). Body length: 2.20–3.40 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 1 . Europe, Middle East, Central Asia......................................................................................... A. fusculum ( Erichson, 1839)

- Pronotum about one and half times as wide as long. Body paler, yellow-brown, with reddish-brown head. Aedeagus narrow, with significantly elongate parameres ( Fig. 66 ). Body length: 2.75–3.48 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 46 . India...................................................................................... A. cuccodoroi Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

5 Elytra about twice as long as pronotum.................................................................... 6

- Elytra more than twice as long as pronotum................................................................. 7

6 Pronotum markedly less than twice as wide as long. Aedeagus shorter and wider; internal sac with lateral rows of strongly sclerotized large teeth ( Fig. 55 ). Body length: 2.30–3.30 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 47 . Nepal................................................................................................... A. denticulatum Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

- Pronotum about twice as wide as long. Aedeagus slightly longer and narrower; internal sac without strongly sclerotized teeth ( Fig. 52 ). Body length: 1.95–2.74 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 3 . Nepal................. A. besucheti Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

7 Pronotum massive in general appearance, with widely rounded apical and basal margins. Head reddish brown; pronotum, elytra and abdomen yellow-brown. Aedeagus with median lobe wide, with wide, truncate apex ( Fig. 71 ). Body length: 2.56–2.95 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 49 . China: Yunnan .......................... A. latissimum Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

- Pronotum narrower. Aedeagus different.................................................................... 8

8 Elytra longer than wide. Head reddish brown; pronotum, elytra and abdomen yellow-brown. Aedeagus as in Fig. 57 . Body length: 2.85–2.95 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 4 . China: Yunnan ....................... A. capitale Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

- Elytra as long as or broader than long...................................................................... 9

9 Anterior angles of pronotum slightly protruded anteriad. Internal sac of aedeagus with rows of strongly sclerotized teeth ( Fig. 50 ). Body length: 3.25–3.60 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 2 . India, Nepal...................... A. altivagans ( Cameron, 1941)

- Anterior angles of pronotum strongly protruded anteriad. Internal sac of aedeagus without modifications............... 10

10 Middle portion of each elytron with irregular, transverse and diagonal elevations between punctures. Body reddish brown, with lateral portions of pronotum and elytra yellow-brown. Aedeagus as in Fig. 84 . Body length: 2.65–2.75 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 76 . India, Nepal............................................................... A. rugosum ( Champion, 1925)

- Middle portion of each elytron with indistinct to distinct longitudinal elevations between punctures................... 11

11 Elytra moderately narrow, slightly widened apicad. Body yellow-brown to reddish brown. Aedeagus as in Fig. 86 ; parameres widened apically. Body length: 2.35–3.20 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 77 . India, Nepal............. A. sociale ( Cameron, 1941)

- Elytra distinctly widened apicad. Parameres narrow, not widened apically ( Figs. 62 , 68 , 81 , 89 )....................... 12

12 Lateral portion of pronotum evenly narrowed posteriad and anteriad............................................ 13

- Lateral portion of pronotum more narrowed posteriad than anteriad............................................. 14

13 Elytra about as long as wide. Body reddish brown, with head and abdomen dark-brown. Aedeagus moderately wide, parameres vaguely exceeding apex of median lobe ( Fig. 81 ). Body length: 3.10–4.50 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 75 . Pakistan, India, Nepal.............................................................................. A. monticola ( Cameron, 1924)

- Elytra distinctly broader than long. Body yellow-brown, with head reddish brown to brown. Aedeagus narrow, parameres distinctly exceeding apex of median lobe ( Fig. 68 ). Body length: 2.35–3.65 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 48 . China: Yunnan ................................................................................. A. laozii Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

14 Grooves in front of ocelli long, reaching level of middle or anterior third of eyes. Parameres slightly exceeding apex of median lobe of aedeagus ( Fig. 62 ). Body reddish brown to brown. Body length: 3.00– 3.45 mm. Habitus as in Fig. 45 . China: Sichuan, Hubei .................................................................. A. confucii Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

- Grooves in front of ocelli short, as long as or slightly longer than diameter of ocellus. Parameres very long, significantly exceeding apex of median lobe of aedeagus ( Fig. 89 ). Body length: 2.49–3.34 mm. Body yellow-brown to reddish brown. Habitus as in Fig. 78 . China: Yunnan .................................... A. splendidulum Shavrin & Smetana , sp.n.

Figures

FIGURES 60–63. Aedeagus of Anthobium cavicrus (60–61: NEPAL, Thare Pati) and A. confucii (62–63: CHINA: Sichuan, Gongga Shan): 60, 62–parameral view, 61, 63–lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 1–5. Habitus of Anthobium fusculum group: 1—A. fusculum (KAZAKHSTAN: Tian Shan), 2—A. altivagans (NEPAL: Telbrung Danda), 3—A. besucheti (paratype: Ghoropani Pass), 4—A. capitale (holotype), 5—A. cavicrus (NEPAL: Thare Pati). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 79–82. Aedeagus of Anthobium liliputense (79–80: holotype) and A. monticola (81–82: NEPAL: Lamjung): 79, 81—parameral view, 80, 82—lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 74–78. Habitus of Anthobium fusculum group: 74—A. liliputense (paratype), 75—A. monticola (NEPAL: Lamjung), 76—A. rugosum (NEPAL: Dhaulagiri), 77—A. sociale (INDIA: Uttarakhand), 78—A. splendidulum (CHINA: Yunnan, Gaoligong Shan). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 38–43. Aedeagus (parameral view) of Anthobium fusculum: 38: UKRAINE: Odessa, 39: RUSSIA: Rostov Area, 40: RUSSIA: Elton Lake, 41: KAZAKHSTAN: Tian Shan Mt., 42 (with sketched basal pieces of aedeagus): KAZAKHSTAN: Karatau Mt., 43: PAKISTAN: Swat. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 66–67. Aedeagus of Anthobium cuccodoroi (holotype): 66—parameral view, 67—lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 45–49. Habitus of Anthobium fusculum group: 45—A. confucii (paratype; CHINA: Hubei), 46—A. cuccodoroi (paratype), 47—A. denticulatum (paratype), 48—A. laozii (paratype; CHINA: Yunnan, Cangshan), 49—A. latissimum (holotype). Scale bar: 1.0 mm.

FIGURES 55–58. Aedeagus of Anthobium denticulatum (55–56: paratype) and A. capitale (57–58: holotype): 55, 57—parameral view, 56, 58—lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 50–53. Aedeagus of Anthobium altivagans (50–51: NEPAL: Ganesh Himal) and A. besucheti (52–53: NEPAL: Ghoropani Pass): 50, 52—parameral view, 51, 53—lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 68–72. Aedeagus of Anthobium laozii (68–69: paratype; CHINA: Yunnan, Diancang Shan, 70: paratype; CHINA: Cangshan) and A. latissimum (71–72: paratype): 68, 71—parameral view, 69, 72—lateral view, 70—apical part of aedeagus, parameral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 84–87. Aedeagus of Anthobium rugosum (84–85: NEPAL: Dhaulagiri) and A. sociale (86–87: NEPAL: Ghoropani Pass): 84, 86—parameral view, 85, 87—lateral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.

FIGURES 89–91. Aedeagus of Anthobium splendidulum (89–90: holotype, 91: paratype; Yunnan: Gaoligong Shan): 89—parameral view, 90—lateral view, 91—apical part of aedeagus, parameral view. Scale bar: 0.1 mm.