Phoxokalliapseudes singaporensis Drumm & Heard, 2011

Kong, Chim Chee, 2024, A synopsis of the Tanaidacea (Crustacea: Peracarida) of Singapore, with a review of tanaidacean diversity in Southeast Asia and the South China Sea, Zootaxa 5451 (1), pp. 1-75 : 18-20

Phoxokalliapseudes singaporensis Drumm & Heard, 2011

( Figs. 6A–D )

Phoxokalliapseudes singaporensis Drumm & Heard, 2011: 50–57 , figs. 30–34.

Material examined. Station SG2: 3 moulted exoskeletons ( ZRC).Station SG4: 4 females ( ZRC.1991.19205-19208). Station SG5 : 2 females ( ZRC.1992.5995). Station SG6 : 1 female ( ZRC.1992.6636-6642). Station SG8 : 2 males and 2 females (S5G1); 2 females (S6G5); 1 female (S7G2). Station SG10: 5 damaged specimens (276). Station SG11: 5 damaged specimens (001). Station SG13: 2 damaged specimens (242). Station SG15: 1 incomplete specimen (197). Station SG17: 1 specimen (088). Station SG18: 1 ovigerous female, 1 male and 1 exoskeleton (083). Station SG22: 1 specimen (CR0112-P02-01), 20 January 2012; 2 specimens (CR1113-P02-03-01), 13 November 2013; 1 specimen (CR0514-P02-03-01), 7 May 2014; 1 specimen (CR1114-P02-02-02), 11 November 2014; 1 specimen (CR1115- P02-03-01), 2 November 2015; 2 specimens (CR0516-P02-02), 10 May 2016; 1 specimen (CR0517-P02-02), 17 May 2017; 1 specimen (CR0717-P02-02-01), 19 July 2017; 2 specimens (CR1117-P02-01-01, CR1117-P02-02-01), 8 November 2017; 2 males (CR0619-P02-02-01), 13 June 2019. Station SG23: 2 damaged specimens (CR0512- P06-01-01), 25 May 2012 ; 2 ovigerous females and 1 male (CR1117-P06-03-01), 9 November 2017. Station SG24: 1 specimen (CR0105-P07-02) and 1 specimen (CR0105-P07-03), 19 January 2005; 1 specimen (CR0511-P07-02), 10 May 2011; 1 specimen (CR0513-P07-02), 9 May 2013; 3 damaged specimens (CR1118-P07-01), 15 November 2018. Station SG25: 1 damaged specimen (CR1110-P08-03-02), 16 November 2010 ; 1 ovigerous female (CR1115- P08-03-01), 5 November 2015. Station SG26: 3 specimens (CR1113-PS06-01-01), 11 November 2013; 10 specimens (CR0514-PS06-01-01), 3 specimens (CR0514-PS06-02-01) and 1 specimen (CR0514-PS06-03-01), 5 May 2014; 1 incomplete specimen (CR1114-PS06-01), 8 November 2014; 1 ovigerous female and 1 male (CR1114-PS06-02) and 2 males (CR1114-PS06-03-02), 13 November 2014; 5 specimens (CR0515-PS06-02-01) and 1 specimen (CR0515- PS06-03-01), 14 May 2015; 2 specimens (CR0516-PS06-01-01) and 1 specimen (CR0516-PS06-02-01), 12 May 2016; 2 specimens (CR0517-PS06-01), 15 May 2017; 5 specimens (CR0518-PS06-01) and 2 specimens (CR0518- PS06-03), Singapore, 7 May 2018 ; 1 damaged specimen (CR1219-PS06-01-01), 2 December 2019. Station SG35: 1 specimen (JS-6065); 1 female with oostegites (JS-6496). Station SG39: 1 specimen (5115TB1-041). Station SG40: 1 specimen (5113DR1-095). Station SG43: 1 ovigerous female (4713DR3-234). Station SG50: 1 specimen (SUB-0074). Station SG52: 1 specimen (SEA-5555). Station SG58: 1 male (SUB-0490). Station SG65: 3 females (SUB-0667). Station SG68: 1 damaged specimen (SUB-1020). Station SG70: 1 male (SUB-1187). Station SG71: 1 female (SUB-1578).

Remarks. Members of Kalliapseudinae can be easily recognised by the presence of feeding filters in the form of long plumose setae on the anterior appendages such as chelipeds, maxillipeds and mandibular palps as well as long sensory setae (aesthetascs) on the dactylus of the pereopod-1 ( Drumm & Heard 2011). This subfamily contains six genera including Phoxokalliapseudes . Drumm & Heard (2011) erected Phoxokalliapseudes and assigned Kalliapseudes gobinae Bamber, 1999 from Brunei as the type species of the genus. Phoxokalliapseudes differs from the other five Kalliapseudinae genera by the (1) lack of strong sexual dimorphism on antennule peduncle article-1; (2) presence of ventral spines on the antennule peduncle article-1; (3) presence of exopods on cheliped and pereopod-1; (4) non-globose basis on pereopods 4 and 5; and (5) lack of tuft of sensory setae on the long dactylus of pereopod-6 ( Drumm & Heard 2011). This genus is currently represented by seven species ( Anderson 2023), namely P. tomiokaensis ( Shiino, 1966) , P. gobinae , P. multiarticulus (Guţu, 2006) , P. singaporensis , P. aculeatus Wi, Kang & Soh, 2017 , P. cinctus Wi, Kang & Soh, 2017 and P. gibbus Wi, You & Kang, 2019 , which are widely distributed in the Indian and western Pacific Oceans ( Shiino 1966; Bamber 1999, 2013b; Bamber et al. (2003), 2012; Bamber & Sheader 2005; Guţu 2006; Drumm & Heard 2011; Quan & Zhu 2013; Wi et al. 2017, 2019) but limited to the shallow subtidal waters (1–60 m depth). Characters uniting Phoxokalliapseudes include (1) the terminal plumose setae on the pleotelson; (2) the presence of cusps on the labrum; and (3) the large spine on the propodus of the male cheliped. Appendages including antennule, antenna, cheliped, and pereopods 1–3 and 6 contain important characters for distinguishing species within the genus ( Wi et al. 2017, 2019).

The present material matches the original description of P. singaporensis , which was based on specimens collected from an unspecified locality in Singapore ( Drumm & Heard 2011). In this study, P. singaporensis was found in many stations along the Singapore Strait and the outer East Johor Strait (e.g., Pulau Tekong, Pulau Ubin and Punggol) at 5–75 m depth. This relatively large animal with a body length of up to 9.5 mm is one of the most common tanaids in the subtidal habitats of Singapore.

Figures

FIGURE 6. Phoxokalliapseudes singaporensis Drumm & Heard, 2011, Singapore: (A, B) adult male, SUB-0490, dorsal and lateral habitus, respectively, with insets showing distal spiniform seta on antennule peduncle article-1, propodus and claw on pereopod-6, and aesthetascs on pereopod-1 dactylus; (C) lateral habitus of ovigerous female (S5G1); (D) large spine on propodus of male cheliped, 5115TB1-041. Scale bar: A–C = 1 mm; D = 500 µm.