Analophus Waterhouse, 1877

Jin, Mengjie, Keyzer, Roger De, Hutchinson, Paul, Pang, Hong & Ślipiński, Adam, 2020, A Review Of The Australian Macrotomini (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae: Prioninae), Annales Zoologici 70 (1), pp. 33-96 : 40-41

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3161/00034541ANZ2020.70.1.003
DOI	https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3795894
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ED87B7-CB73-1B26-F958-FBEAFDA7F9DE
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Analophus Waterhouse, 1877
status

Treatment

Analophus Waterhouse, 1877 View in CoL

( Figs. 3 View Figure 3 , 14B View Figure 14 , 15E View Figure 15 , 16B View Figure 16 )

Analophus Waterhouse, 1877a: 423 View in CoL . Type species Analophus parallelus Waterhouse, 1877 View in CoL , by monotypy.

Analophus: Lameere, 1903a: 1 View in CoL ; Lameere, 1919: 36; Nýlander and Komiya, 2005: 481.

Diagnostic combination (male). Moderately large beetles, 25–40 mm long. Dorsum unicoloured, brown or dark brown. Sexually dimorphic dense punctures present on lateral or antero-lateral parts of pronotum and ventral part of prothorax. Head slightly narrower than prothorax; frontoclypeal suture straight or arcuate; median groove complete. Antennal tubercles relatively flat, directed laterally, angulate at apex. Eyes moderately large, weakly emarginate near antennal insertion, very broadly separated dorsally. Mandibles less than half of head length, not sexually dimorphic except for more apparent and denser setation in male, broad at base, strongly bent and unidentate apically. Antenna not reaching mid length of elytra in male. Scape about 1/4 of head length, posteriorly not extending to posteri- or margin of eye, globular; antennomere 3 about as long as scape and about as long as 4. Mentum not fused to sub-mentum. Terminal palpomere of maxillary and labial palps ovoid and apically rounded. Prothorax transverse with lateral carina almost smooth; anterior and posterior margins with complete beads. Pronotal disc mostly shiny with incomplete median longitudinal groove and coarsely punctate, slightly depressed lateral irregular areas. Prosternal process distinctly expanded beyond procoxae, extending to mesoventrite; rounded apically. Elytral surfaces weakly coriaceous; inner apical angle without spine. Legs strong; femora and tibiae without rows of spines. Protibia smooth externally with sharp external spine and pair of subequal spurs; lobes on tarsomere 3 narrow and broadly separated; tarsomere 5 as long as tarsomeres 1 and 2 combined.

Description. Male. Length 25-40 mm. Dorsum usually uniformly brown or dark brown, elytra sometimes light brown. Head approximately as long as wide, slightly narrower than pronotum. Mandibles without sexual dimorphism, less than half of head length; apex moderately curved inwards, surface bearing dense setae along incisor edge; each mandible wedge-shaped, thick and strong on lateral side and near the base, unidentate at apex, with one extra tooth on incisor edge. Labrum triangular, weakly elongate near the base, dorsal surface covered with long golden setae. Frontoclypeal suture straight or broadly rounded. Antennal tubercles relatively flat, very distant to each other, apex bluntly angulate. Antenna 11-segmented, filiform or slightly moniliform, extending to humeral angles of elytra; scape short and stout, as long as eye length. Eyes transverse, coarsely facetted, very weakly emarginate near antennal foramen; broadly separated dorsally. Submentum weakly curved at apex; mentum well exposed. Terminal palpomere of maxillary and labial palps ovoid and apically rounded. Pronotum transverse, anterior margin emarginate medially with complete bead; posterior margin with complete bead; lateral margin with rather small and short teeth. Disc shiny and sparsely punctate medially, with median longitudinal groove; dense fine punctures near anterior angles and rather coarse punctures near posterior angles. Prosternum covered with fine and deep punctures; hypomeron well-defined, slightly broader than prosternal process; prosternal process projecting towards mesoventrite, laterally expanded near apex and pointed apically. Mesoventral process emarginate at apex. Ventral side of pterothorax and hind coxae covered with golden hairs. Metanepisternum slightly narrowing posteriorly. Scutellum narrowly rounded apically, surface shiny and smooth. Elytral surface shiny with irregular coriaceous sculpture; two weak traces of venation often present on apical 2/3 of elytra; elytral apices rounded with distinct suture angles, but without spines; epipleuron almost complete, narrowing apically. Legs strong and relatively short; femur broad and relatively flattened, weakly restricted at both ends, surface smooth, ventral side bearing few short spines apically; each tibia with distinct apical spine and a pair of strong spurs; tarsi slender; tarsomere 3 with relatively narrow lobes; tarsomere 5 as long as tarsomere 1 and 2 combined. Abdominal ventrites only with sparse long hairs or few fine punctures, but bearing dense long setae along the edges, especially on the apex of ventrite 5. Male genitalia ( Fig. 14B View Figure 14 ). Tegmen longer than sternite VII; parameres relatively short, truncate apically with triangular projections at the base; penis longer than tegmen, dorsal apex strongly emarginate while ventral apex narrowly pointed.

Female. Mandible surface glabrous. Pronotal disc with coarser punctures near anterior angles; fine and dense punctures on prosternum absent. Ovipositor ( Fig. 15E View Figure 15 ) short, apical sclerotised part as long as baculus; distal gonocoxites elongate; stylus inserted laterally and relatively distant to gonocoxite apex, very weakly expanded apically.

Remarks. Analophus can be distinguished from the other genera of the Australian Macrotomini by having short antennae that only extend to the elytral humeral angle, the prothorax is transverse with the lateral carina almost smooth, and the pronotal disc is mostly shiny, coarsely punctate with an incomplete median longitudinal groove.

Four species are currently recognised in Analophus worldwide, including the one new species described here, and possibly one species has been incorrectly assigned to this genus. The type species Analophus parallelus Waterhouse was described from Queensland, Australia. Gahan added the second species A. niger Gahan from the Arfak Mountains, Indonesia. About 100 years later, the third species A. vicksoni Nýlander and Komiya was described from Papua New Guinea. However, based on the images and description from Nýlander and Komiya (2015), A. vicksoni is not likely to be a species of Analophus because of the general body shape and the pattern of sexual dimorphism. Without examining the specimens, we cannot attempt to place it into an appropriate genus. On the other hand, we have discovered a new Australian species close to A. parallelus , based on both morphological characters and molecular sequences. The new species is restricted to Northern Queensland, while A. parallelus is mainly distributed in south-eastern Queensland and New South Wales.