Exorides wagneri (Harold) 1863

Franz, Nico M., 2010, Redescriptions of critical type species in the Eustylini Lacordaire (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae), Journal of Natural History 44 (1 - 2), pp. 41-80 : 67-71

Exorides wagneri (Harold) 1863 , p 176

( Figures 14 and 15 )

Description

Male. Length 13.86–16.90 mm, width 5.08–5.61 mm; shape oval to elongate, length/ width ratio 2.73–3.01 (n = 2); greatest width near anterior quarter to one-third of elytra. Setae sparsely and evenly arranged, appressed to suberect, pale white (legs and ventral surface) to brownish white (pronotum and elytra); scales densely and evenly arranged, completely covering integument, subcircular, appressed, pale-white to light rusty brown to or brown (iridescent); pale white to rusty white scales variously interspersed, forming irregular patterns on pronotum and elytra, interrupted by longitudinal and transverse carinae, less dense on head and ventral surface, less dense to nearly absent on older specimens.

Mouthparts. Mandibles with approximately 10 setae adjacent to scar. Maxillae with cardo semi-spiracular; stipes with apical half extending to mesal edge of palpiger, apically gradually narrowed, lateral margin with four to five setae, mesal region with evenly arranged setae; galeo-lacinial complex extending to apex of palpomere III, mesal margin with three lacinial teeth; palpiger two to three rows of setae along apicolateral margins; maxillary palpomere I nearly twice as long as II; II slightly shorter than III. Labium with apical margin of prementum slightly angulate, medially slightly projected; ventrally with irregularly arranged longer setae on each side; labial palpomere slightly protruding from apical margin of prementum; II similar in length to III.

Rostrum. Length 1.74–1.89 mm, rostrum/pronotum length ratio 0.49–0.52; rostrum length/width ratio 0.95–0.99. Dorsal outline of rostrum trapezoidal, anteriorly widened; dorsolateral margins slightly arcuate, anteriorly elevated, posteriorly evenly convex; apical margin slightly emarginate. Nasal plate small, slightly inflected, posteriorly with a slight semi-circular carina. Epistoma partially covered with scales. Dorsal surface of rostrum with alternating elevations and impressions, anterior and posterior ends of median sulcus each surrounded by a subcircular impression, and with a slight elevation on each side near midpoint of median sulcus, median sulcus extending from antennal insertion to midpoint between eyes, dorsolateral sulci absent; ventrolateral margins slightly arcuate, anteriorly diverging. Rostrum in lateral view with ventrolateral sulci forming a large, deep fovea. Antennal insertion near anterior third.

Antennae with scape extending through central region of eye (in idealized position), covered exclusively with setae. Funicular antennomere II distinctly longer than I. Club nearly three times longer than width; I and II similar in length, III and IV each slightly shorter.

Eyes subcircular; position lateral, interocular distance slightly longer than maximum width of eye; with nearly 30 facets along maximum diameter.

Head with anterodorsal margins surrounding each eye impressed.

Thorax. Pronotum slightly globular, length/width ratio 0.89–0.94, pronotum/ elytra length ratio 0.35–0.36; greatest width near central region; dorsal surface concave, with variously alternating convex elevations and impressions (strongly rugose); median sulcus extending along central half, with an obtuse carina positioned on each side midway between median sulcus and dorsolateral margins, carinae slightly arcuate, posteriorly diverging along anterior half, subparallel along posterior half (carinae enclosing concave and undulate central region of pronotum). Anterodorsal margin nearly three-quarters length of posterodorsal margin, dorsolateral margins anteriorly and posteriorly converging; posterodorsal margin straight. Pronotum in lateral view with dorsolateral margins strongly convex; anterolateral margin with one row of short setae along half, otherwise as in C. argyreus . Metascutum with short, sparsely arranged setae. Scutellum oval. Mesepimeron covered with scales and sparsely arranged, recurvate setae.

Prosternum with posterior median sulcus. Mesosternum in anterior half covered with elliptical, plumose scales. Metasternum with median sulcus positioned near posterior margin, transverse, slightly arcuate.

Metendosternite with stalk transverse; anterior tendons inserted at midpoint between centre of lamina and furcal arms; furcal arms dorsally strongly diverging.

Legs. Covered with minute, imbricate, scale-like impressions, and with sparsely arranged, appressed setae. Procoxa with most proximal scales plumose. Profemur/pronotum length ratio 1.11–1.13; profemur straight, in cross-section elliptical. Protibia/ profemur length ratio 1.00; protibia straight, in cross-section elliptical; ventral margin with several rows of long, aurate setae; and with row of 10–15 cuticular teeth; protibial apex with anterior margin obliquely arcuate; setal comb present. Mesofemur and mesotibia shorter than metafemur and metatibia, respectively. Metatibial apex with anterior margin arcuate, setal comb dorsally short and stout, ventrally long and slender.

Elytra. Length/width ratio 1.91–1.94; greatest width near anterior quarter to onethird; anterior margins jointly wider than posterior margin of pronotum, slightly elevated; lateral margins slightly diverging along anterior one-third, gradually converging along posterior two-thirds; posterior margins acutely projected. Elytra with 10 complete striae; strial width variable; stria X complete; punctures separated by distance slightly shorter than width of each puncture; strial intervals subplane, yet intervals II/III and VII/VIII strongly elevated, modified into large, glabrous carina extending from anterior margin to declivity, and carinae corresponding to interval II/ III continuous anteriorly with pronotal elevations (see earlier), each posteriorly terminating in a large, obtusely projecting tubercle; setae though not in regular rows; each elytron with a large patch of very long, filamentous to wax-like, rusty reddish brown setae projecting from between posterior tubercles to (far beyond) terminal margin of elytra, thickness of setae variable, reduced or absent in some individuals.

Wings strongly reduced, linear, wing/body length relation 0.44–0.46, wing length/ width ratio 5.82–6.08; all major wing veins except for S, C and R absent.

Abdomen. Ventral sternum III centrally slightly concave, laterally slightly convex; suture separating III and IV deep, slightly sinuate; IV slightly convex; posterior margin of VII slightly arcuate, with short, suberect setae. Pygidium trapezoidal; posterior margin truncate, shallowly and widely emarginate.

Terminalia. Posterior margin of each sclerite of sternum VIII with two to four longer setae. Spiculum gastrale ( Figure 15B ) similar in length to median lobe; posteriorly bifurcate (Y-shaped), furcal arms short, fused along anterior half, posteriorly triangularly narrowed, slightly diverging, yet not angulate, margins not serrate. Aedeagus ( Figure 15A ) with median lobe length/width ratio 4.90–5.02 (n = 2); anteroventral margin with small, triangular emargination; lateral margins slightly angulate: diverging along anterior one-sixth, gradually converging along posterior five-sixths; apex narrowly triangular, acute. Median lobe in lateral view evenly deflexed; width gradually narrowed towards apex; apex acutely narrowed, slightly deflexed. Internal sac with nodulate projections apically (towards ostium) increasingly dense and longer, basally with two irregularly shaped, overlapping, subcircular (basally projected), plicate sclerites, apical region with two semi-circular, partially overlapping sclerites, sclerites mesally interrupted, membranous. Adeagal apodemes nearly two-thirds length of median lobe, stout.

Female ( Figure 14A–F ). Length 13.07–14.98 mm, width 4.70–6.20 mm; length/width ratio 2.42–2.78 (n = 2); greatest width near central region of elytra. Rostrum length 1.67–1.89 mm, rostrum/pronotum length ratio 0.49–0.52, rostrum length/width ratio 0.94–1.00. Pronotum length/width ratio 0.87–0.97; pronotum/elytra length ratio 0.34–0.37; greatest width near central region. Metasternum as in male. Protibia/ profemur length ratio 1.00–1.01. Elytra length/width ratio 1.70–1.97; greatest width near central region of elytra; declivity strongly angulate, outline straight; scales along intervals III–X increasingly iridescent pinkish white (also laterally on pronotum), otherwise elytra as in male. Venter with sternum III centrally undulate, with alternating transversely oriented, arcuate elevations and impressions, laterally convex; IV elevated, centrally slightly convex; VII equilateral, posterior margin arcuate. Pygidium with posterior margin arcuate, neither emarginate nor plicate.

Terminalia. Tergum VII longitudinally plicate; posteriorly weakly sclerotized and mesally with sparsely arranged, longer setae. Sternum VIII ( Figure 15C ) with posterior arms jointly widely pentagonal, lateral margin subparallel along anterior half, triangularly converging along posterior half, triangular region with irregularly arranged setae of variable lengths. Spermatheca ( Figure 15D ) V-shaped to?-shaped; ramus very short, nearly contiguous with collum (corpus short); collum slightly projected, orientation slightly angled in relation to ramus; cornu (apical half) slightly arcuate, apically gradually narrowed, acute.

Variation

Older specimens may lose most of their rusty brown scales as well parts or all of the long reddish brown filaments originating between the elytral tubercles.

Specimens examined

“ Ecuador, Chimborazo: Galán , 3400 m, 8 May 1974, potato leaves [collector unknown]” (two males and two females, NMNH) .

Figures

Figure 14. Habitus of Exorides wagneri, female. (A) Dorsal view; (B) lateral view; (C) ventral view; (D) head, dorsal view; (E) head, lateral view; (F) metatibia, lateral view.

Figure 15. Terminalia of Exorides wagneri. (A) Aedeagus, ventral and lateral view; (B) spiculum gastrale, ventral view; (C) posterior region of female sternum VIII, ventral view; (D) spermatheca.