Tetragona quadrangula ( Lepeletier, 1836 )

Nogueira, David Silva, Oliveira, Favízia Freitas De & Oliveira, Marcio Luiz De, 2022, Revision of the Tetragona clavipes (Fabricius, 1804) species-group (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Meliponini), Zootaxa 5119 (1), pp. 1-64 : 40-44

Tetragona quadrangula ( Lepeletier, 1836)

Figures 7C , 8C , 9C , 10C , 11C , 12 , 13, 14 , 15A .

Melipona quadrangula Lepeletier, 1836: 434 [original description]; Spinola, 1853: 93 [taxonomic note];

Trigona quadrangula ; Smith, 1854: 409 [geographic record, list, synonymy of Melipona quadrangula ];

Trigona clavipes ; Ducke, 1910: 368 [partim, synonymy]:

Melipona clavipes ; Ducke, 1925: 378–380 [partim, synonymy]:

Tetragona quadrangula: Moure, 1971: 49 [taxonomic note]; Page & Kerr, 1990: 210 [citation]; Roubik, 1990a: 118 [citation]; Crane, 1999: 84 [uncertain identity, citation]; Pedro & Camargo, 1999: 201 [list]; Kerr, 2002: 6 [geographic record]; Rebêlo et al., 2003: 268, 272 [habitat, list, geographic records]; Santos et al., 2004: 322, 325 [list, geographic record]; Camargo & Pedro, 2013 [catalog]; Grüter, 2020: 71 [citation]; Imperatriz-Fonseca & Alves, 2020: 222 [partim, geographic records, taxonomic characters, figures]; Nogueira et al., 2020: 67, 68 [taxonomic characters]; Santos et al., 2021: 1–3 [geometric morphometrics, figure 2C):

Tetragona (Tetragona) quadrangula ; Posey, 1983: 67, 71 [geographic record].

Diagnosis: worker ( Table 2 ): paraocular maculation as in T. clavipes and T. korotaii sp. nov., with the widest part of the maculation below the upper portion of the epistomal suture, usually just above the tentorial fovea, narrowing obliquely upwards towards the compound eyes, with the narrowest portion of the maculation reaching the lower tangent of the antennal socket. Malar area black. Mesepisternum with wider yellow areas. Metatibia, as in T. mourei sp. nov., completely yellow. Terga black with apical third yellow. Male: Sixth sternum bilobed in ventral view with a median inverted U-shaped recess; setae more elongated in the apical area, less long than the width of the median recess. Seventh sternum in ventral view with Paraboloid lateral structure with apex slightly inclined to the median projection; with a median projection less wide than its distance to the lateral structure; median projection straight with curved and pointed apex. Eighth sternum elongated in ventral view, about 2.1x its width and with a median T-shaped structure. Valve about 1.6x the length of the basal bulb. Gonocoxite in ventral view wider than long, with rounded apex. Long setae at the apex of the gonostylus, shorter than the width of the gonostylus ( Fig. 10C ).

Description: male from Lagoa da Confusão (Tocantins, Brazil) ( Figs. 7–11C , 14 ).

Coloration: integument predominantly yellowish-brown. With widest portion of the yellow paraocular maculation at the upper portion of epistomal suture level, narrowing obliquely upwards towards compound eyes, with the narrower portion of the maculation reaching the medium frons level. Clypeus and labrum yellow. Supraclypeal triangle yellow, including the inferior portion of the frontal elevation. Gena and malar area black. Mandible yellow with condyles black. Scape yellow, including the radicle. Pedicel and F1 yellowish-brown, more yellowish on the ventral surface, other flagelomeres brown, light-brown in ventral surface. Pronotal dorsal surface mostly yellow, including the pronotal lobe. Metepisternum and large area on mesepisternum medium portion yellow. Epimeron black. Propodeum yellow circled in black on propodeal triangle, and with a transluscent area on propodeal triangle. Scutellum, axilla and lateral border of mesoscutum yellow. Legs yellow from the coxae. Tegula yellow. Wing membranes slightly yellowish with strong iridescent sheen in the apical 1/3, the microtrichia brownish. Pterostigma and wing venation yellowish. T1 yellowish with lateral brownish area; T2 mostly brownish, T3–T4 brownish on basal 1/3 and yellowish on apical 2/3; T6–T7 mostly yellowish. Sterna yellowish brown.

Punctation: piliferous punctures thin and sparse, except in the face very dense; integument predominantly smooth, polished and shiny between punctures, propodeal triangle impunctate, smooth, polished and shiny.

Pubescence: frons with yellow simple hairs (0.2 mm) and yellow branched hairs (0.1mm). Some hairs behind genal area (0.15 mm). Malar area with setae very short (0.02 mm). Scape with sparse yellow simple thin setae (0.1 mm). Vertex with yellow long simple and branched setae (0,3 mm). Supra clypeal area with erect simple setae (0.1). Clypeus in lateral view with yellow erect slightly curved simple setae (0.2 mm). Labrum with yellow simple setae (0.2 mm). Coxae with yellow simple hairs: procoxa (0.17 mm), mesocoxa (0.1 mm) and metacoxa (0.1 mm). Trochanters with yellow simple hairs: protrochanter (0.2 mm), mesotrochanter (0.2 mm) and metatrochanter (0.2 mm). Basal area of profemur with yellow simple hairs (0.25 mm), apical area with erect hairs (0.1 mm). Basal area of mesofemur with yellow simple hairs (0.2 mm), apical area with short erect hairs (0.1 mm). Metafemur with erect hairs on basal area (0.2 mm) and apical area (0.05 mm). Protibia (0.15 mm), mesotibia (0.17 mm) and metatibia (0.15 mm) with yellow simple setae on posterior border. Basitarsi with some yellow simple long setae: probasitarsus (0.2 mm), mesobasitarsus (0.2 mm) and metabasitarsus (0.2 mm). Mesoscutum with yellowish-brown erect simple setae (0.2 mm) and short branched hairs (0.1 mm). Mesoscutellum with simple hairs (0,35 mm). Propodeal triangle glabrous; inferior portion on sides of propodeum with yellow simple hairs (0,31 mm), and branched hairs (0.4 mm). Mesepisternum with yellow simple hairs (0.2 mm) and branched hairs (0.15 mm). Metepisternum with yellow simple hairs (0,37 mm) and branched hairs (0.17 mm). T1 glabrous. T2–T7 with very short yellow decumbent simple setae almost imperceptible mixed with longer blackish-brown bristles; T2 with basal half glabrous and with setae on apical half (0.05 mm), setae increasing gradually in length and thickness towards the apex from T3 (0.05 mm). T5 with simple setae on central area (0.2 mm), and some smaller branched setae on the laterals. The setae of T6 varying in length, the longest on the sides (0.2 mm), a few of that branched. T7 with simple setae shorter and thinner than T6 (0.1 mm), with simple hairs finer and whitish bordering the apical border. Sterna with yellow simple hairs (0.1 mm: 0,3 mm: 0.17 mm: 0.38 mm: 0.25 mm = length of S1, S2, S3, S4 and S5, respectively); some setae on the sides of S5 thinner and with curved apex.

Structures: body length 7,0 mm. Total length of fore wing 4.73 mm. Head 1.21x wider than long (1.9 mm: 2.36 mm, length and width, respectively). Length of compound eye 2.1 x longer than wide (1.56 mm: 0.75 mm, length and width of the compound eye, respectively). Inner orbits concave, converging downwards. Maximum interorbital distance less than the length of the eyes (1.47 mm). Flagellum diameter (F2) 7x malar area (0.2 mm: 0.028 mm). Clypeus about 1.6X wider than long (0.57 mm: 0.95 mm = length and width of clypeus respectively). Clypeus-ocellar distance 1.08 mm. Interalveolar distance slightly less than the alveolorbital distance (0.19 mm: 0.27 mm = interalveolar distance and alveolorbital distance, respectively). Interocellar distance greater than ocellorbital distance (0.46 mm: 0.31 mm). Scape 3.3x longer than wide (0.66 mm: 0.2 mm). Flagellum (F1) practically with the same width as the the pedicel (0.171 mm: 0.179 mm). Apical spine of protibial strigillae 0.05 mm (total length of strigillae 0,33). Mesotibial spur 0.3 mm long. Metatibia with apical border paraboloid; metatibia 5.7x longer than wide (2.02 mm: 0.35 mm). Metabasitarsus 1.9x longer than wide (0.69 mm: 0.36 mm). Intertegular distance 1.51 mm. With 5 hamuli on posterior wing.

Variations: one bee from Conceição do Araguaia (Pará, Brazil — MPEG 03033043 ), one from Cabeceiras do Piauí (Piauí, Brazil — BIOSIS 06025 ), one from Xavantina (Mato Grosso, Brazil —UNB 029080) and one from Barra do Garças (Mato Grosso, Brazil —UNB 029056) have T2 with a longitudinal yellow line. We do not consider them as T. perangulata , because this longitudinal line is less wide than the diameter of the flagellum and the paraocular maculation of these individuals starts below the upper line of the clypeus .

Comments and discussion: observing the holotypes of Centris clavipes Fabricius, 1804 , Melipona quadrangula Lepeletier,1836 , and other examined materials, we noticed that the most important character for the separation of these species is the coloration of the widest part of the metatibia, which have black maculation in T. clavipes and is completely yellow in T. quadrangula . The geographic distribution of both forms also follows a specific pattern, since T. quadrangula is found mainly in open areas of the Brazilian Cerrado while T. clavipes has a greater geographic distribution, entering humid forests such as the Amazon and Atlantic Forests. We also studied specimens that have yellowish and brownish metatibia in Lake Janauacá (Manaquirí, Amazonas, Brazil), located in the Western Amazon and some specimens from the same nest (in four different nests) with metatibia yellowish and brownish in Belo Monte (Altamira, Pará, Brazil). Although, as Camargo and Pedro (2004) discuss similar variation of the color of the metatibia in Ptilotrigona lurida , in which some specimens have the metatibia completely yellow and others have a black area, and consider both forms as belonging to the same species, we decided to assume that T. quadrangula is a valid species based also on consistent differences in the nest entrance of these species, as T. clavipes builds in cracks of tree trunks with generally elongated and not very wide opening covered with cerumen, and T. quadrangula , builds a short tube with the enlarged entrance made of cerumen ( Fig. 15A ).

We assume here, that the character of the metatibia color, the shape of male genitalia ( Figs. 7–11 ), the form of the nest entrance (recorded from multiple nests) and the geographic distribution pattern can be considered as a strong indication for separating these two forms keeping both species as valid until new information based on molecular biology studies can be added. In the case of younger individuals of T. clavipes , even when the metatibia is completely yellow, generally, the metafemur or the metabasitarsus has at least one dark brown or black area.

Geographic distribution ( Fig. 12 ): Brazil (Amazonas, Distrito Federal, Goiás, Maranhão, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Pará, Piauí, São Paulo, Tocantins) .

Biological notes: very populous nests for the genus and strong defensive behavior. The entrance to their nests is usually in the form of a narrow vertical gap with landing area made of rigid cerumen around ( Fig. 15A ).

Examined type material: lectotype from MNHN (photos) very dirty, without antennas, right mesoleg and right metaleg (from the photo, it was not possible to perfectly observe the left proleg and the left mesoleg). Data labels: partis [?] mér [?]. De la Capite de Goyaz / MUSEUM PARIS SUD DE LA CAPITE DE GOYAZ / type / quadrangula / MNHN, Paris EY 25561 / HOLOTYPE.

Examined material: workers (170): BRASIL: Amazonas: 1 ( INPA ), BRASIL: Amazonas, Lago Janauacá, 21-X-1976, Portugal Araujo / Colonia 69 INPA ; 5 ( INPA ), idem with consecutive numbers: INPA-HYM 033099– 033103; 1 ( INPA ), Tetragona sp. / Col. P. Araujo, Janauaca, 23-XI-76 / Colonia 69 INPA / INPA-HYM 033106; 1 ( INPA ), idem except: INPA-HYM 033107; 1 ( INPA ), idem except: INPA-HYM 033108; 1 ( INPA ), idem except: INPA-HYM 033109; 1 ( INPA ), idem except: INPA-HYM 033110; 1 ( INPA ), col. P.Araujo, Jauacana, 23-XI-76 / INPA-258, col. 69 / INPA-HYM 032117; Distrito Federal: 3 (MZSP), BRASIL: DF: RES.BIOL. ÁGUAS EMENDADAS 27–30.VI.1991 CRF Brandão, M L Françoso & A A Reis; 2 (MZSP), BRASIL: DF: RES.BIOL. ÁGUAS EMENDADAS 27–30.VI.1991 STP Amarante col.; 1 (MZSP), BRASIL: DF: RES.BIOL. ÁGUAS EMENDADAS 28.VI.1991 STP Amarante col.; Goiás: 1 (UNB), UNB 221212 / BRASILIA, Agua Limpa, 26.10.1976, coll.A. Raw / 12 / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (UNB), Brasil, Goiás, Alto Paraíso, S14.17496, W47.33026, 30.iv.2017, M.M.Carvalho; 1 (UNB), UNB 219427 / Brasil, Goiás, Alto Paraíso, Fazenda Volta da Serra, - 14.167493S, 47.744216W, 01–07.II.2019; Excursão Dep. Zoo.UnB; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 219527; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 090322; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 090316; 1 (UNB), UNB 007943 / Brasil, Goiás, Alto Paraíso, RPPN Fazenda Branca Terra dos Anões, 23.v.2010, S 14°19’W 47°29’, AJCAguiar; 3 (RPSP), Aragarças, GO. BRASIL, 10–24.I.1971, Col. Camargo; 1 (MZSP), Goyaz, RIO DAS ALMAS, V-1938, E.LANE col. / 12 / Trigona clavipes (F.), P. Moure det.38 [88?] / 102. 748; 1 (UNB), UNB 008281; Brasil, GO, Cavalcante, 13°47’05”S, 47°26’01”W, 450m, 01.iv.2010, A. Aguiar & A. Martins; 1 (UNB), UNB 028979 / BRASIL, Est. Goiás, Goiás Velho, A. Raw 5-4-1980 / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (UNB), UNB 028994 / Goias Velho, 25-3-1978, coll. A.Raw / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (UNB), UNB 029015 / Goias Velho, 15-10-1978, coll.A.Raw / Compositae, Aspilia , foliacea / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (BIOSIS), Favízia 00635 / Brasil, Goiás, Iporá, Parque Municipal da Cachoeirinha, 16°26’39.58”S; 51°08’12.84”W, 12.v.2005, 13:30–14:30h, F. de O. Francisco & L.R. Santiago Leg.; 1 (BIOSIS), Favízia 000329 / Brasil, Goiás, Iporá, Parque Municipal da Cachoeirinha, 16°26’39.58”S; 51°08’12.84”W, 15.iii.2005, 8:30–9:30h, F. de O. Francisco & L.R. Santiago Leg.; 1 (BIOSIS), idem except: Favízia 000327; 1 (BIOSIS), Favízia 00862 / Brasil, Goiás, Iporá, Parque Municipal da Cachoeirinha, 16°26’39.58”S; 51°08’12.84”W, 9.xii.2004, Tronco-rio / Beira de cá (4), F. de O. Francisco & L.R. Santiago Leg.; 1 (BIOSIS), idem except: Favízia 00861; 1 (MZSP), Faz. Aceiro, Jatai, Goiás — Brasil, X. 1962, Exp. Dep. Zool.; 3 (MZSP), Faz. Nova Orlândia, Jataí, Go— Brasil, I.964—Martins, Morgante & Silva.; 1 (UNB), UNB 219876 / Brasil, Goiás, Niquelândia, margem da serra da mesa, S 14.02475 W 48.39711, 22.i.2018, MMCarvalho; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 219877; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 219878; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 219879; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 219880; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 219881; 3 (UNB), Brasil, Goiás, Pirenópolis, Margens do Rio Almas, 6.vi.2006, AJCAguiar; 7 (UNB), Brasil GO, Loc. Serranópolis, Data 20.12.94, Col.; 2 (UNB), Brasil, Goiás, 24.5 km N Teresina de Goiás, Rod. GO-118 (010), 13°34’36”S 47°11’06”W, 420m, 15.ii.2012; EABAlmeida &AJCAguiar; Maranhão: 4 (UNB), Brasil, Maranhão, Balsas, 9°07’23,7”S 46°40’25,5”W, Faz.Uruçu 13.vii.2017, C.M. Maia leg; 2 (MPEG), MA Caxias, 10. junho 1978 / Brasil MA, F F Ramos; 1 (MPEG), idem except: Brasil MA, W França; 1 (RPSP), UFMA / Codó-MA. Brasil, 17-XII-1982, MaZucato, Ailly, 822376; 1 (RPSP), idem except: 822377; 1 ( INPA ), Brasil (MA), Mirador, Parque Est. Mirador, Base Geraldina / Armadilha suspensa, 23–28.ix.2006, F. Limeira-de-Oliveira; 1 ( INPA ), BRASIL. Maranhão. Mirador, Parque Estadual Mirador, Base Geraldina / 063726S–455209W, 28– 30.ix.2006. J.A.Rafael & F.L. Oliveira. Varredura / INPA-HYM 033155; 1 ( INPA ), idem except: INPA-HYM 033156; 1 (RPSP), RPSP 09.1176 / BR, MA, Urbano Santos, Comunidade Todos os Santos, 12.X.2001 F. Zanella / Tetragona quadrangula (Lep. 1836) , Det. Camargo, 2001; Mato Grosso: 4 (RPSP), 23c / GENÉTICA, F. M.R.PRETO / Barra do Garças, MT. BRASIL., 10.24. I.1971, Col.Camargo; 1 (RPSP), Barra das Garças, MT. BRASIL, 10–24.I.1971, Col. Camargo; 1 (UNB), UNB 028993 / MATO GROSSO, Barra das Garcas, 18.4.1978, coll. A.Raw; 1 (UNB), UNB 028897 / Mato Grosso, Vale do Sonho, 12-11-76 / Tetragona 4- angula / NEST; 1 (UNB), UNB 029046; MATO GROSSO, Vale dos Sonhos, 12-11-1976, coll. A.Raw; 1 (UNB), UNB 029056 / MATO GROSSO, Vale dos Sonhos, 24.4.1978, coll. A.Raw / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (UNB), UNB 029059 / Mato Grosso, Valle dos Sonhos, 12.ii.76 / Tetragona clavipes (F); 15 (UNB), idem with consecutive numbers: UNB 028921, 029096, 029104, 029041, 029044, 029047, 029048, 029050–029055, 029062, 029075, 029085, 029090; 1 (UNB), UNB 029045 / Mato Grosso, Valle dos Sonhos, 12.ii.76. A.Raw; 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 029049 / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (UNB), idem except: UNB 029066; 1 (UNB), UNB 029042 / Mato Grosso, Valle dos Sonhos, A.Raw 12.ii.76 / Tetragona clavipes (F); 2 (RPSP), Brasil. MT. BR 364, Km77, Serra de São Vicente, 15°30’ S / 55°12’ W, 5,8. II.1997 - M.L.Oliveira; 1 (RPSP), Estrada de Manso, Cuiabá—MT, Brasil, 28-II-00, Brito- Ribon, R. M., / F; 1 (RPSP), 980042 / BRASIL. Mato Grosso, Nova Mutum, Fazenda Buriti, 13°49’S; 56°04”W, Estrada da Roda D’água, 7/XII/1997, H. Mendes leg.; 1 (RPSP), RPSP 000179 / Rio Arinos, foz do Rio Novo, Nova Mutum, MT, BRASIL 13.I.2000, H.F. Mendes leg.; 1 (UNB), UNB 029094 / Mato Grosso, Xavantina, 14-11-76; 1 (UNB), UNB 029080 / MATO GROSSO, Xavantina, 25-4-1978, coll. A.Raw / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (UNB), UNB 029106 / MATO GROSSO, Xavantina, 14-11-1976, coll. A.Raw; 1 (MZSP), Brasil. MT, Paranaita, UHE Teles Pires, 15. vii.2013 / Coleta Manual, Floresta Ombrófila Densa, C.F. Santos , Leg. / HYMENOPTERA , Apidae . Meliponini. Tetragona sp. gr. Clavipes, Det. Silvia Regina Pedro / ninho 46; 1 (MZSP), idem except: ninho 26; 2 (RPSP), Serra das Araras-MT, Brasil 19,27- IX-1987 / SD21,57°14’W, 15°27’S, Gimenes leg. 870870; 1 (NHM), Campo / BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, 12° 50°’S., 51° 47’ W., 25.III.1968, O.W.Richards. / [verse] R.S. & R.G.S., Expedition, B.M. 1968-260 / Tetragona clavipes (F.), Det. J.S.Moure 1972 / NHMUK 010812300; 1 (NHM), Cerrado / BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, 12° 50°’S., 51° 47’ W., 13.IX.1968, O.W.Richards. / [verse] R.S. & R.G.S., Expedition, B.M. 1968-260 / quadrangula / NHMUK 010812308; 1 (NHM), Campo / On Borreria / BRAZIL: Mato Grosso, 12° 50°’S., 51° 47’ W., 1.IV.1968, O.W.Richards. / [verse] R.S. & R.G.S., Expedition, B.M. 1968-260 / quadrangula / NHMUK 010812309; 1 (BIOSIS), Favízia 05063 / Brasil, Mato Grosso, Tangará da Serra,; 1– 4.iii.1965 —S. Laroca Leg.; Mato Grosso do Sul: 1 (CEPANN), 3 Lagoas/MT, Brasil VII.1964, PNN, Leg. P. N. Neto / 406 / n° 4610 IBUSP; 1 (MZSP), Faz. Floresta, Mun., Três Lagoas, MT., 13–20.IX. 1964, Exp. Depto. Zool.; 1 (MZSP), Faz.Dr.José Mendes, Três Lagoas, MT, 16-VII.1964, Exp. Depto. Zool. / KL.14; 1 (MZSP), Faz.Dr.José Mendes, Três Lagoas, MT, 27-VII.1964, Exp. Depto. Zool. / Cerrado; 3 (MZSP), Três Lagoas, Mato Grosso, VI- 1964, Exp. Depto. Zool.; Minas Gerais: 1 (RPSP), RPSP 09.1114 / Araguri, MG, Represa Capim Branco, 30/03, 2007 Am 2, Siqueira. F. do N. I. col. / Tetragona cfr clavipes; 1 (RPSP), idem except: RPSP 09.1115; 1 (RPSP), RPSP 09.1116 / Araguri, MG, Represa Capim Branco, 30/03, 2007 Am 5, Siqueira. F. do N. I. col. / Tetragona sp. 1 ; 1 (RPSP), idem except: RPSP 09.1117; 1 (RPSP), RPSP 09.1033 / Fazenda Boa Esperança, Bonfinópolis de Minas, 30 Km NW—MG / BRASIL 24.VIII.2008, M. Mazucato leg. / Tetragona quadrangula ( Lepeletier, 1836) , Det.S.Pedro2010; 1 (RPSP), Estrela da Barra, MG.Brasil-7VI-85, 850520 / Mazucato; 3 (RPSP), idem except: 850541; 4 (UFV), NINHO 72, MUTUM/MG, 19/09/12, MENESES, D.; Pará: 1 (MPEG), Brasil —PA—Altamira, Belo Monte—UHE, 17. VII. 2015, Costa, L. / 386280, 9626816, Amostra LCO 201 / MPEG 03048897; 1 (MPEG), idem except: MPEG 03048898; 1 (MPEG), idem except: MPEG 03048903; 1 (MPEG), BRASIL: PA: Conceição do Araguaia, zona 04, 07°59’53”S 49°22’27”W, 03–14.vii.2017, Arruda, FV. col. / Pitfall arbóreo (c/urina) / MPEG 03033029; 11 (MPEG), idem with consecutive numbers: MPEG 03033030, 03033032–03033038, 03033041– 03033043; 1 (RPSP), Brasil Pará, Gorotire, W.L.Overal, abril 1983; 1 (RPSP), GOROTIRE. PA, (:Gradaus) Brasil, 20.VIII–5.IX-1983, 831012 / SB-22, 51-8a, Camargo leg.; 1 (RPSP), GOROTIRE. PA, (:Gradaus) Brasil, 20.VIII– 5.IX-1983, 831020 / SB-22, 51-8a, Camargo leg.; 1 (MPEG), PA Gorotire Xingu, 08.XI_1977 / Brasil Pará, D.A.Posey; Piauí: 1 (BIOSIS), Favízia 05068 / Brasil, Piauí, Cabeceiras do Piauí, Comunidade José Gomes, Projeto Márcio Luciano Pereira, Amostra 1 / Amostra 1, Rdo Nonato Batista de Sousa leg., 10–15.iv.2017 / Tetragona sp. 2 , F. F. de Oliveira, 2019, Det.; 1 (BIOSIS), Favízia 05057 / Brasil, Piauí, Cabeceiras do Piauí, Comunidade José Gomes, Projeto Márcio Luciano Pereira, Amostra 3 / Amostra 3, Rdo Nonato Batista de Sousa leg., 10–15.iv.2017 / Tetragona sp. 1 , F. F. de Oliveira, 2019, Det.; 1 (BIOSIS), Favízia 06040 / Brasil, Piauí, Cabeceiras do Piauí, Comunidade José Gomes, Projeto Márcio Luciano Pereira, Amostra 7 / Amostra 7, Rdo Nonato Batista de Sousa leg., 18–26.iv.2017 / Tetragona sp. 1 , F. F. de Oliveira, 2019, Det.; 1 (BIOSIS), idem except: Favízia 06039; 1 (MHNBA), MZUFBA, Hymeno. 08055 / Brasil, Piauí, Cabeceiras do Piauí, Comunidade José Gomes, Projeto Márcio Luciano Pereira, Amostra 7 / Amostra 7, Rdo Nonato Batista de Sousa leg., 18–26.iv.2017 / Tetragona sp. 1 , F. F. de Oliveira, 2019, Det. / Tetragona clavipes ( Fabricius, 1804) , F. F. de Oliveira, 2019, Det.; São Paulo: 3 (MZSP), Faz.Itaquerê, Bôa Esperança do Sul, SP., 18-VII-1964, K. Lenko col. / KL.51; 1 (CEPANN), Campinas/SP, Faz. São Quirino, Brasil VIII.1999, Leg. M. C. Laurino / Tetragona clavipes ( Fabricius, 1804) / n° 4593 IBUSP; 1 (CEPANN), Campinas/SP, Brasil 24.VIII.1980, laranja -14:;40, Leg. F. N. knoll; 1 (RPSP), 20°09’S, 47°34’W, 050060 / Faz. Baguaçú, Pedregulho.SP, Brasil 1–12-II-2005, Camargo leg.; Tocantins: 1 (UNB), UNB 028989 / BRASIL, Est. Goias, Parq. Nac Araguaia, A. Raw 21-6-79 / Tetragona clavipes (F); 1 (UNB), UNB 029000 / Mata ciliar, BRASIL, Est. Goias, Parque Nac. Araguaia, A.Raw, 21-6-79 / Tetragona clavipes (F).

Males (16): BRAZIL, Tocantins: 1 ( BIOSIS) , BRASIL, TO, Lagoa da Confusão, Frag. Grande , 10°50’37,59”S, 49°41’47,27”O, Setembro de 2006, Milena Mendes & Shirlene Lopes, Malaise 4, Ipuca 31, B314; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: Ipuca Pequena 16, Ago-Dez 2002, Marcos Bragança, B 24, E15; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B114, E14; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B185, E14; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B65, E15; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B66, E15; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B82, E12; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: Ipuca Pequena 38, Ago-Dez 2002, B159, D3; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B162, D2; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B164, D2; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B166, D2; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B174, D4; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B181, D4; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B27, F2; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B34, D3; 1 ( BIOSIS) , idem except: B38, D2 .

Figures

FIGURE 7. Sixth sternum of Tetragona Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 species in ventral view: T. clavipes (Fabricius, 1804) (A), T. perangulata (Cockerell, 1917) (B), T. quadrangula (Lepeletier, 1836) (C), T. mourei sp. nov. (D), T. essequiboensis (Schwarz, 1940) (E), T. handlirschii (Friese, 1900) (F), T. truncata Moure, 1971 (G), T. goettei (Friese, 1900) (H), T. dorsalis (Smith, 1854) (I) and T. ziegleri (Friese, 1900) (J). Scale: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 8. Seventh sternum of Tetragona Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 species in ventral view and apex of the median projection in lateral view: T. clavipes (Fabricius, 1804) (A), T. perangulata (Cockerell, 1917) (B), T. quadrangula (Lepeletier, 1836) (C), T. mourei sp. nov. (D), T. essequiboensis (Schwarz, 1940) (E), T. handlirschii (Friese, 1900) (F), T. truncata Moure, 1971 (G), T. goettei (Friese, 1900) (H), T. dorsalis (Smith, 1854) (I) and T. ziegleri (Friese, 1900) (J). Scale: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 9. Eighth sternum of Tetragona Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 species in ventral view: T. clavipes (Fabricius, 1804) (A), T. perangulata (Cockerell, 1917) (B), T. quadrangula (Lepeletier, 1836) (C), T. mourei sp. nov. (D), T. essequiboensis (Schwarz, 1940) (E), T. handlirschii (Friese, 1900) (F), T. truncata Moure, 1971 (G), T. goettei (Friese, 1900) (H), T. dorsalis (Smith, 1854) (I) and T. ziegleri (Friese, 1900) (J). Scale: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 10. Genital capsule of Tetragona Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 species in dorsal and ventral view: T. clavipes (Fabricius, 1804) (A), T. perangulata (Cockerell, 1917) (B), T. quadrangula (Lepeletier, 1836) (C), T. mourei sp. nov. (D), T. essequiboensis (Schwarz, 1940) (E), T. handlirschii (Friese, 1900) (F), T. truncata Moure, 1971 (G), T. goettei (Friese, 1900) (H), T. dorsalis (Smith, 1854) (I) and T. ziegleri (Friese, 1900) (J). Scale: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 11. Valve and basal bulb of Tetragona Lepeletier & Serville, 1828 species in lateral view: T. clavipes (Fabricius, 1804) (A), T. perangulata (Cockerell, 1917) (B), T. quadrangula (Lepeletier, 1836) (C), T. mourei sp. nov. (D), T. essequiboensis (Schwarz, 1940) (E), T. handlirschii (Friese, 1900) (F), T. truncata Moure, 1971 (G), T. goettei (Friese, 1900) (H), T. dorsalis (Smith, 1854) (I) and T. ziegleri (Friese, 1900) (J). Scale: 0.5 mm.

FIGURE 12. Records of the occurrence of clavipes species-group of Tetragona Lepeletier & Serville, 1828. Scale in kilometers.

FIGURE 14. Male of Tetragona quadrangula (Lepeletier, 1836) from Lagoa da Confusão (Tocantins, Brazil). Metatibia (A), head in frontal view (B), metasoma in dorsal view (C) and body in lateral view (D). Scales: 0.5 mm (A, B and C) and 1 mm (D).

FIGURE 15. Nest entrance of Tetragona quadrangula (Lepeletier, 1836) from Goiás, Brazil (A). Draw of nest entrance of Tetragona perangulata (Cockerell, 1917) in top view with an arrow indicating the entrance (B). Fonts: Adriano Gonçalves (A) and David Nogueira (B).