Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell

Deeleman-Reinhold, Christa, 2001, Forest Spiders of South East Asia With a revision of the sac and ground spiders (Araneae: Clubionidae, Corinnidae, Liocranidae, Gnaphosidae, Prodidomidae and Trochanteriidae)., Forest Spiders of South East Asia With a revision of the sac and ground spiders- Family Liocranidae (Oedignatha), Leiden, Netherlands: Brill Leiden; Boston; Köln, pp. 261-276 : 267-268

Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell

( figs 348-356 . map 20)

Oedignatha scrobiculata Thorell, 1881: 209 , no figures, ♀, Penang; 1890: 345; Gravely, 1931: 267, fig. 18. C+D, ♂ ♀, India; Reimoser, 1934: 15, ♂ ♀. record, Krakatau. Oedignatha decorata Simon, 1897 , no figures. ♀. Luzon, syn. n. Phrurolithus ulopatulirns Barrion and Litsingcr 1995. ♂ ♀, Luzon. figs, syn. n. nec Oedignatha scrobiculata ; Saaristo 1978. ♂ ♀, Seychelles.

Type locality. — Malaysia, Penang.

Type material. — Holotype? ♀, Malaysia, Penang. leg. Beccari, (not found in MCSNG) .

Material studied. — Thailand, Nakhon Ratchasima Province. Khao Yai Nat. Park, 1000 m, 2 ♂, 6 ♀, Eucalyptus litter , 18-23.X. 1985, P.R. Deeleman ; 2 ♂, 6 ♀, id.. 8.xi. 1987 ; SW Thailand, Prov. Prachuap Khiri Khan, Khao Sam Roi Yot National Park. secondary forest bordering limestone outcrop , 1 ♂, 1 ♀, dry litter track to View Point, 13.xii.1990. C.L. Deeleman ; 1 ♂, Surin Province, Ban Lak Wo, 27.xii.1985, P. Schwendinger ( MHNG) ; 1 ♂, 1 ♀. Chon Buri Province, Si Racha . 1000 m, 1.viii.1990, P. Schwendinger ( MHNG) . Malaysia. Subang. 2 ♀, palm oil plantation , on the ground, with O. mogamoga , 2.xii.1990, C.L. Deeleman . Indonesia, E Java. Klakah, ( Lumadjang ) 1 ♀, bamboo litter, 9.vii. 1979, P.R. and C.L. Deeleman ; BALI, southcoast near Cilimanuk , 2♀. dry leaf litter, 21.xi.1997, C.L. Deeleman and J.A. Murphy ; Lombok Island, Kute , many ♂ ♀, secondary forest litter, 8-l 9.i. 1990, S. Djojosudharmo ; Sumbawa Island, Samokat , 5 ♂. 5 ♀, with ♂ ♀ of O. spadix sp. n.. 480 m. secondary forest. l- 3.i.1990, S. Djojosudharmo ; Flores, 1 ♂, Labuhan Bajo, P. Beron and V. Beshkov, 17.vi.1994 ( NMNHS) ; Sumba Island, 2 ♀, dry gallery forest. vii.1992. C.L. Deeleman and 1992, Manchester University Expedition ; SW Sulawesi, 1 ♀. Tacipi. Maroanging. near cave Salluna , 30.vii.1989, P. Leclerc ; Moluccas. Ambon town. 1 ♂, dead leaf on the ground. 13.viii.1992, C.L. Deeleman ; Banda Islands. Lonthoir. perk Waling , 1 ♀, 19.i. 1995, C.L. Deeleman ; Neira, 2 ♂, 3 ♀. 1997 and 1998, Joni Sahupala ; Tanimbar Islands, Yamdena island , 1 ♀ ( MHNG). evergreen secondary forest with canary trees. 11.ix.1991, D. Agosti .

Diagnosis. — The bifid retrolateral apophysis on the tibia of the male palp is diagnostic; the base of the embolus sits on the proximal end of the tegulum. Females differ from those in all other studied species by the absence of a membranous area in the epigyne (window) and of insemination ducts, and the simple globular structures of the sperm-conserving device; from most other species by the presence of 4 pairs of light spots on the abdomen. O. scrobiculata and also O. mogamoga redescribed below are distinct from O. bucculenta Thorell , O. ferox Thorell and O. rugulosa Thorell by the smaller size. the less enlarged chelicerae and the rows of light spots on the dorsal scutum.

Redescription (Sumbawa). — MALE ( figs 348-351 ). Total length 5.40 mm. Carapace length 2.80 mm, width 1.70 mm, height 1.00 mm, head width 1.20 mm, eye group width 0.85 mm; abdomen length 2.60 mm, width 1.60 mm. Leg lengths: leg I 7.20 mm (1.90- 2.55-1.75-1.00), leg II 5.65 mm (1.50-2.00-1.35-0.80), leg III 4.85 mm (1.30-1.50-1.30- 0.75), leg IV 6.75 mm (2.00-1.75-2.10-0.90), palp 0.90-0.32-0.35- 0.70 mm. Carapace dark chestnut brown with radiating rows of round punctations, mouthparts and legs orange brown, femora dark brown, tibia and metatarsus I middle brown and distally tinged with dark grey. especially on the retrolateral surface. Abdomen dark brown, shiny, with four pairs of white spots which are marked with areas of short white hair. Eyes occupying about 2/3 of head width, both eye rows procurved, AER slightly shorter than PER, AME larger than other eyes, ALE as PE; PE with equal intervals of about 1l/2 d. Clypeus with conical hump just in front of the eyes. Sternum ( fig. 349 ) covered with spaced conical elevations, posteriorly produced between coxae IV and connected with carapace by chitin strips between the coxae. Leg spination: all femora with one short spine proximo-dorsally and sometimes a distal spine on prolateral surface, anterior tibiae and metatarsi not flattened ventrally. tibia I with 7pv and 6rv, tibia II 6 pv and 5rv, tibia III 0 or 1v. 1-1pl or I or 0pl, 1rl or 0rl, tibia IV 1-1 pv and 0-1rl; metatarsi I with 5pv and 4rv, metatarsi II 4 pv and 3rv, metatarsi III 1-2 -0v, 2-0v or 1-0v, metatarsus IV 2-2 -0v. Tarsal claws with 5-7 ventral teeth. Abdomen widest in posterior half, most of it covered with scutum. Male palp with arched femur, tibial apophysis with characteristic two-tined retrolateral projection and ventral thumb-shaped apophysis ( figs 352, 353 ). embolar base on proximal end of tegulum, filiform part of embolus a half circle, tegular apophysis clawlike, conductor massive. FEMALE. Total length 5.00 mm. Carapace length 2.40 mm, width 1.52 mm. height l. 10 mm, head width 1.12 mm, abdomen length 2.60 mm, width 1.45 mm, epigyne 0.50 mm wide. Leg lengths: leg I 6.90 mm (1.80-2.55-1.70-0.90), leg II 4.20 mm (1.30-1.90-1.20­ 0.90, leg III 4.80 mm (1.30-1.50-1.30-0.70). leg IV 7.00 mm (l.85-2.30-.1.90-0.95). palp 0.80-0.35-0.40- 0.75 mm. Abdominal dorsal scutum covering 7/8 of abdominal length, ventrally an epigastric scutum. Epigyne ( fig. 355 ) and vulva ( fig. 356 ) and diagnosis.

Variability. — Most specimens are smaller than the ones measured: total length 4.00-5.00 mm. Spine formula may vary somewhat.

Habitat. — Secondary forest. man-made habitats like palm and other tree plantations. In an oilpalm plantation near Kuala Lumpur it was found together with 0. mogamoga . in Sumbawa in a mixed population with 0. spadix .

Distribution. — India and eastwards through to the Philippines and the entire Malay Archipelago. Not recorded from Australia (R. Raven, personal communication).

Figures

Fig 348. Oedignatha scmbiculata, male, Sumbawa.

Figs 349-356. Oedignatha scrobiculata. 349. Male Sumbawa. habitus. ventral. 350. Lateral. 351. Front view. 352. Palp, retrolateral. 353. Ventral. 354. Female Sumbawa. venter. 355. Epigyne. 356. Vulva in clove oil. ventral.