Anisolepisma hartmeyeri ( Silvestri, 1908 )

Smith, Graeme B., 2016, Revision of the Genus Anisolepisma (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae: Acrotelsatinae), Records of the Australian Museum 68 (6), pp. 269-312 : 277-279

publication ID	https://doi.org/ 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1662
persistent identifier	https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F087CD-AF03-5B04-FF19-FAD7FC3AFA70
treatment provided by	Felipe
scientific name	Anisolepisma hartmeyeri ( Silvestri, 1908 )
status

Treatment

Anisolepisma hartmeyeri ( Silvestri, 1908)

Figs 25–73 View Figures 23–35 View Figures36–49 View Figures 50–67 View Figures 68–73

Heterolepisma hartmeyeri Silvestri, 1908: 51 .

Anisolepisma hartmeyeri (Silvestri) .— Paclt, 1967: 27.

Type material. Holotype ♀ (parts of specimen) (gbs001866 MUSA ) WA: Northampton, approximately 20.80°S 115.44°E, Michaelsen-Hartmeyer Expedition 1905, slide badly affected by fungal growth, with one antenna, a maxillary palp, a labial palp, right half of metanotum, urotergite VI, one PIII; rest of specimen (gbs001867 ZMB) (originally in alcohol now on two slides). GoogleMaps

Other material examined: ♀ ( HW 0.88) ( AMS K260970 , K260971 on two slides) WA: 35 km N. of Kellerberrin, McQueens Rd, 31°22'56.60"S 117°39'27.31"E, mid April, 1996, A. Noack, hand collected from log GoogleMaps .

Diagnosis. Distinguished from other species of the genus by the presence of 3+3 combs on urotergite VIII, three trichobothria-like setae on each side of the the meso and metanota, a glabrous urotergite IX and the presence of medial combs on urosternites I– VII in ♀ or I– VIII in ♂ .

Description

Appearance: Body elongate with thorax only slightly wider than abdominal segment I, the following abdominal segments remain about the same width up until the fifth segment after which they slowly taper posteriorly to about ⅔ the width of the thorax. Antennae incomplete,>0.4 H+B in Kellerberrin specimen. Scale pattern when live unknown. Silvestri described the species as reddish above and silvery below with reddish antennae and terminal filaments, however the Kellerberrin specimen in alcohol is brown dorsally and creamy grey below with brown-pigmented antennae and terminal filaments.

Body size: H+B length about 6.6 mm, thorax width 1.8 mm; antennae 3.5 mm (about ½ H+B) and terminal filaments> 2.3 mm (>35% H+B) (>40% in Kellerberrin specimen).

Pigment: Cuticular pigment not easy to distinguish in holotype (possibly due to the time the type specimen has been stored in alcohol (>100 years); some areas of legs and articles of palps appear darker possibly due to pigment. Pigment in Kellerberrin specimen also not strong, (16 years in alcohol before mounting) but head with some pigmentation around eyes; antennae evenly pigmented, becoming darker distally, maxillary palp pigmented in last four articles with more in second article, becoming lighter distally, laterally on pronotum especially anteriorly, laterally on meso and meta nota, legs evenly light brown with no obvious pigmentation, urotergite X very slightly darker around margins, styli IX slightly pigmented and ovipositor comparatively dark.

Scales: Variable in size and shape, rounded or ovoid, with numerous parallel rays ( Fig. 23 View Figures 23–35 ), that do not extend beyond the margin. Brown or hyaline.

Macrochaetae: Smooth, apically bifid ( Fig. 24 View Figures 23–35 ). Other setae with minute delicate apical bifurcations or simple. Hyaline or yellow/brown.

Head: Wider than long ( Fig. 25 View Figures 23–35 ) with scales above; chaetotaxy well developed, frons with isolated 1+1 anterior groups of about 70–80 strong, apically bifurcate macrochaetae each posteriorly with three small cilia. Lacking macrochaetae along lateral margins directly above base of antennae. A U-shaped line commences behind the antenna with a short line of five to seven macrochaetae subperpendicular to the margin which terminates in a long thin trichobothria-like seta, the line of setae continues back along the margin of the head before turning up and back over the eyes, terminating in two small cilia. Clypeus with 1+1 combs of three to four strong macrochaetae near frons and a line of simple setae well behind the anterior margin, of which two setae are more than twice the length of the other, and a band of scales between this line and the combs. Labrum with numerous simple setae in two irregular transverse rows. Eyes dark, not prominent, composed of about 12 ommatidia. —Antennae incomplete, scape ( Fig. 26 View Figures 23–35 ) slightly longer than wide, pedicel not much shorter than scape (about ¾). Each annulus/interval from about the fifth subdivided into two very similar annuli with a trichobothrium subapically on the most distal annulus, the annuli within an interval becoming ever more obvious and longer and by about the ninth subdivide again; each annulus in distal portion of antenna ( Fig. 27 View Figures 23–35 ) with basiconic sensillae (types B and C) distally. —Mandibles ( Figs 28–30 View Figures 23–35 ) with well-developed incisor region and molar regions, the latter on one side with a comb of raised spinelike lamellae, a group of about four to six apically bifurcate macrochaetae on the margin proximal to the molar region and a bush 50+ setae and macrochaetae externally. —Maxilla ( Figs 31–33 View Figures 23–35 ) with galea longer than lacinia (however the galea on one of the two maxillae of the Kellerberrin specimen is about equal in length to its lacinia, probably an artefact of mounting), galea ( Fig. 32 View Figures 23–35 ) with small apical lobe, lacinia with two strong apical teeth and a similar subapical tooth as well as two subapical truncated hyaline process, several lamellate processes and a row of four simple setae. Palp of medium length, apical article about four times longer than wide and 1.2 times longer than penultimate article, with a large curved basiconic sensilla (type C) ( Fig. 33 View Figures 23–35 ). —Labium ( Fig. 34 View Figures 23–35 ) short and broad, prementum anteriorly immediately behind glossae medially with 2+2 setae and 1+1 rows of about eight strong setae laterally, postmentum with a short medial row of three to four strong setae and 1+1 groups of two setae laterally; palps of holotype short but not well preserved, apical article almost twice as long as wide, subrectangular ( Fig. 35 View Figures 23–35 ), obliquely angled to penultimate article, with four papillae of the “aufgelöst” type arranged in a diamond configuration in the centre of the article and, at least on the Kellerberrin specimen, two curved basiconic sensillae (type C).

Thorax: Slightly wider than head or abdomen, subparallel sides. Pronotum ( Fig. 36 View Figures36–49 ) without setal collar but with numerous scales that extend forward over the “neck”, with 1+1 closed tufts of four to six erect macrochaetae of unequal size and two cilia on the disc behind the anterior margin mediad of the eyes ( Figs 37, 38 View Figures36–49 ); lateral margins ( Fig. 39 View Figures36–49 ) with roughly evenly spaced shorter, apically bifurcate setae and some cilia, five widely spaced larger submarginal apically bifurcate macrochaetae (m 0 – m- 4 in Fig. 39 View Figures36–49 ), as well as three to five long trichobothria-like setae (tr 0 – tr- 4 in Fig. 39 View Figures36–49 ). The status of two of these trichobothria-like setae is uncertain (tr-2 and tr-4) as only insertion points remain. At the position marked tr-2 (just anterior to macrochaeta m-1) on the left side of the holotype there is a small marginal insertion point that appears to be that of a trichobothrium but could be a cilium; this insertion could not be seen on the right side and was absent on both sides of the Kellerberrin specimen, suggesting there is no trichobothrium in this position in A. hartmeyeri but a trichobothrium is distinctly present in the same location in the following species. The insertion point (marked as tr-4 m-3) could be that of a thick trichobothria-like seta or a macrochaeta in both the holotype and Kellerberrin specimens (lost in all specimens). Of the definite trichobothria, the most anterior (tr-3) is found near the middle of the margin just anterior to the large macrochaeta (m-2), the next (tr-1) is while the next two (tr-1, tr 0) are closer together near the posterolateral corner, tr-1 being in front of and tr 0 more posterior and mediad of the last macrochaeta (m 0) which lies closer to the margin than the other submarginal macrochaetae. There is some variability in this marginal chaetotaxy e.g., the submarginal macrochaeta m-2 (and its insertion socket) is completely absent on the left side of the Kellerberrin specimen and the trichobothria-like hair just anterior to this macrochaeta is located slightly more anteriorly than on the holotype. Posterior margin glabrous. —Mesonotum and metanotum ( Figs 40–46 View Figures36–49 ) laterally similar to pronotum except with only three trichobothria-like hairs, one (tr-2) located about midway along the margin and very close to macrochaeta (m-2), the next (tr-1) about ¾ the way along the margin laterad of a large submarginal macrochaeta (m-1) and the last (tr 0) in the posterolateral corners posterior to the insertion of m 0 and further from the margin. Posterior margin with 1+1 posterior macrochaetae ( Figs 45, 46 View Figures36–49 ) each associated with a small marginal seta and one or two cilia.

Presternum of prothorax large, clearly visible extending across the body anterior to the coxae and sternum ( Fig. 47 View Figures36–49 ). —Prothoracic sternum not free ( Fig. 47 View Figures36–49 ), partially concealed by coxae, anterior medial region raised into a triangular plateau with tuft of about 15 radiating macrochaetae (21 in Kellerberrin specimen). —Meso- and metasterna ( Figs 48, 49 View Figures36–49 ) with medial part raised into cordiform section against which or slightly under which the anterior part of the medial edge of the coxae can fit, without a medial tuft of setae and with a few small setulae anteromedially; the more posterior portion of the lateral margins of mesosternum with eight to nine, metasternum with nine to ten marginal setae, the raised section dropping off to merge with a rounded part of the sclerite on each side.

Legs not particularly long ( Figs 47, 48 View Figures36–49 , 50 View Figures 50–67 ); tibia L/W ratio of legs PI 2.3, PII 2.5–2.6, PIII 3.4; tarsi L/W ratio PI 4.5–6.8, PII 5.8–6.2, PIII 6.1–7.5. —Precoxae of prothorax each with two or three setae and some cilia, the more medial seta the largest. —Coxae of all legs with numerous rounded hyaline scales, more noticeable on the margins on slide material, a row of long setae along the external margin and a small comb of two setae on the ventral face about ⅔–¾ distally, remote from the margin on PI but closer to the margin on PII and PIII. Coxa of PI also with external proximal “shoulder” comb of five to six strong macrochaetae ( Fig 47 View Figures36–49 ) on the ventral surface and a comb of two setae distal to the “shoulder” comb, distal internal apex with several stronger setae covering the articulation with the trochanter. —Trochanter of all legs appearing subdivided into two halves with the more distal part much wider than the narrower part connecting with the coxae, however this is believed to be an artefact as it is not seen in whole specimens (of other species) and only appears on slide material when the leg folds up so that the coxa covers the femur. —Femur with scales more obvious on leading edge, with several strong, robust spines and some quite long but not so thick macrochaetae along posterior margin especially on, and distal to, the distinct lump on this margin; apically with three or four short very robust spines over the articulation with the tibia. —Tibiae all well scaled with some strong and some robust spines along the posterior margin (i.e. one pair near half way, another pair three quarters along and one much longer subdistally) as well as two pairs of strong stout macrochaetae on outer margin and the usual apical spur, the latter having several fine setae near its base ( Fig. 52 View Figures 50–67 ). —Tarsus ( Fig. 53 View Figures 50–67 ) with four articles, the basal article being almost as long as the other three together and the only article clearly distinct from the following articles which are almost completely fused together; tarsus with numerous setae, those on the ventral side, especially subapically on each article being a little stronger than the rest; scales present at least on basal article. —Pretarsus ( Fig. 54 View Figures 50–67 ) with long thick fairly straight outer claws that narrow and curve apically, medial empodial claw smooth and short.

Abdomen: Urotergite I ( Fig. 55 View Figures 50–67 ) with lateral and submedial combs of two macrochaetae plus a marginal seta and a cilium at the external end of each comb and, in the case of both sublateral combs of the Kellerberrin specimen, another anteriorly between the insertions. Urotergites II–VIII ( Figs 56–59 View Figures 50–67 ) with 3+3 combs, the lateral combs with two to three, the sublateral and medial combs each with two macrochaetae, all combs associated with a single long thin marginal seta and one to three small cilia, one located at the exterior end of each comb and another anteriorly between the more medial or both macrochaetae insertions.All urotergal macrochaetae lost on the holotype, the one present in the outer combs of urotergite VII in the Kellerberrin specimen ( Fig. 58 View Figures 50–67 ) is of the typical apically bifurcated form and about one third the length of the respective tergite, the marginal setae are about half as long as this macrochaeta, the marginal setae on the holotype are noticeably longer than the same on the Kellerberrin specimen. Urotergite IX glabrous. —Urotergite X ( Fig. 60 View Figures 50–67 ) parabolic, about 1½–1¾ times as long as broad at base with long and shorter setae on the margins, with 1+1 combs in posterolateral corners each of two stronger macrochaetae and two cilia ( Fig. 61 View Figures 50–67 ).

Urosternite I ( Fig. 62 View Figures 50–67 ) with medial comb of two macrochaetae plus one small seta on margin between them ( Fig. 63 View Figures 50–67 ), Kellerberrin specimen with only two small setae. Urosternite II ( Fig. 64 View Figures 50–67 ) with 1+1+1 combs, all of two macrochaetae and without marginal setae or cilia, one submedial comb on Kellerberrin specimen with a small third macrochaeta on one of the lateral combs as well as a marginal seta on both lateral combs ( Fig. 65 View Figures 50–67 ). Urosternites III – VII ( Fig. 66 View Figures 50–67 ) with 2+1+2 combs, the lateral combs with two to four macrochaetae and sometimes a marginal seta or cilia, the submedial with two to four macrochaetae and sometimes a marginal seta and the medial combs with two macrochaetae only. Coxites VIII separated into two separate coxites in female each with two combs, the lateral comb of three macrochaetae, one marginal seta and a cilium on the outer end of the comb, the sublateral comb with two or three macrochaetae and one to two submarginal setae and, on one side only, a cilium on the outer end of the comb; the Kellerberrin specimen has one or two marginal setae on outer combs and two or three on inner combs as well as a cilium. All macrochaetae lost on urosternites of holotype, those still present on Kellerberrin specimen were one quarter to one half the length of the respective urosternite. —Styli ( Fig. 67 View Figures 50–67 ) present as one pair ( IX only) .

Coxite IX in ♀ ( Fig. 67 View Figures 50–67 ) with a single strong macrochaeta on each side at the inner base of the stylus, the internal process narrow, acute apically, about 2.6 times longer than the external process (3.6 in Kellerberrin) and 1.6 times as long as broad at its base (Kellerberrin 2.6 times longer than wide at base), reaching to about ⅔ (Kellerberrin ¾) the length of the stylus, with several strong setae along both the external and internal margins; external process of coxite IX short, triangular, both processes with a thumb-like process at the base on the margin adjacent to the stylus, external margin of outer process with a few strong setae subapically and along external margin.

Ovipositor of primary type, slightly shorter than internal processes in type specimen, with very inconspicuous secondary segmentation; slightly longer than the internal process in the Kellerberrin specimen, almost reaching to apex of stylus ( Fig. 68 View Figures 68–73 ); more apical divisions of both anterior and posterior valves with long thin setae.

Epiproct and paraprocts strongly pigmented/sclerotized ( Fig. 69 View Figures 68–73 ) the former developed into a strong flat forked process over the base of the median dorsal appendage, the latter with a subcylindrical terminal process and a more distal subtriangular mediad process. —Cerci ( Figs 70, 71 View Figures 68–73 ) incomplete in both specimens (>0.35 H+B in holotype,>0.4 H+B in Kellerberrin specimen), divisions from sixth or seventh longer than wide, forming divisions of two annuli by eighth and further subdividing by the tenth or eleventh; trichobothria on inner side of each division, with some long thin hooked hairs of similar thickness to the trichobothria, as well as smaller and larger setae and macrochaetae. — Median dorsal appendage ( Figs 72, 73 View Figures 68–73 ) also incomplete (>0.4 H+B) with long basal division followed by shorter division, becoming longer than wide by about the fourth divisions and subdivided by sixth and further subdivided by eighth or ninth, with numerous trichobothria as well as long thin hooked hairs and smaller and larger setae and macrochaetae.

Male unknown.

Biology. The Kellerberrin specimen was hand collected from a log.