Gasterophilus pecorum

Zhang, Yu, Zhang, Ke, Wang, Meng, Wu, Xiaojia, Liu, Jiawei, Chu, Hongjun, Zhang, Dong, Li, Kai & Huang, Heqing, 2024, Studies on the embryonic development and larval infection potential of the stomach bot flies, Gasterophilus pecorum, International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 23, pp. 100917-100917 : 100917-

3.1. Embryonic development duration of G. pecorum

Observations revealed that the embryo is in a liquid state initially inside the egg. Within a development span of 3–4 days, the embryo starts to manifest distinct characteristics, including the formation of mouthhooks and spines, marking its development into the first instar larvae stage.

The duration of embryonic development of G. pecorum at various temperature conditions was analyzed using formulas (1) to (7) to ascertain the developmental threshold temperature and the effective accumulated temperature ( Table 1). At temperatures of 16 ◦ C, 20 ◦ C, 24 ◦ C, 28 ◦ C, 30 ◦ C, and 32 ◦ C, the incubation periods for the eggs were recorded as 14.00, 10.33, 9.17, 7.67, 6.83, and 6.17 days, respectively. A notable trend was observed where the embryonic development period of G. pecorum inversely correlated with the increasing temperatures. The predictive formula for the embryonic development period of G. pecorum was: N = (182.7 ± 12.03)/[T-(3.191 ± 1.48)]. The developmental threshold temperature was 3.191 ± 1.48 ◦ C, and the effective accumulated temperature was calculated to be 182.7 ± 12.03 d ◦ C.