Mysmena maculosa, Lin, Yucheng & Li, Shuqiang, 2014

Lin, Yucheng & Li, Shuqiang, 2014, Mysmenidae (Arachnida, Araneae), a spider family newly recorded from Vietnam, Zootaxa 3826 (1), pp. 169-194 : 186-187

Mysmena maculosa new species

Figs 15–20

Type material: Holotype: male ( IZCAS), VIETNAM: Ninh Binh, Cuc Phuong National Park (20°20.566′N, 105°36.024′E; Alt.: 408 m), natural forest, by fogging tree canopy, 21 August 2008, G. Zheng, D.S. Pham and S. Li leg. Paratypes: 34 males and 16 females, same data as holotype ( IZCAS).

Etymology. The specific epithet comes from the Latin adjective “ maculosus ” (spotty), in reference to the modified spots on the abdomen of the both sexes.

Diagnosis. This new species can be distinguished from all other Mysmena species except M. wawuensis Lin & Li, 2013 by the absence of setae on cymbial fold ( Figs 16 A–B, E, 18A–B, E), the developed tegulum with a apical process ( Figs 16 C–D, 18C–D), the broad, semilunar epigynal plate ( Figs 17 C, 19C) and the spermathecae separated by at least 4 times their diameter ( Figs 17 C, 19C); and from M. wawuensis (Lin & Li 2013: 35, figs 1–7) by the long pedipalpal bulb ( Figs 16 A–B, 18A–B), the absence of a marcoseta on the pedipalpal femur ( Figs 16 A–B, 18A–B), the absence of cymbial fold, the tortuous course of the embolus ( Figs 16 A–D, 18A–D), a sclerotized cymbial spur on the central position of cymbium ( Figs 16 E, 18E vs. M. wawuensis Lin & Li, 2013 : figs 3E, 5A, 6E) in the male; and by the presence of a rear tubercle on the opisthosoma ( Fig. 15 D–F), a long, rugose scape ( Figs 17 A–C, 19A–C), the lack of accessory bursae, the presence of a wide epigynal plate ( Figs 17 C, 19C), and the globose spermathecae ( Figs 17 C, 19C) in the female.

Description. Male (holotype). Somatic characters see Fig. 15 A–C. Coloration: Prosomal cephalic part dark, thoracic region grey. Chelicerae, endites and labium grey, sternum dark. Opisthosoma black, with few pale speckles dorsally and laterally.

Measurements: Total length 0.64. Prosoma 0.30 long, 0.33 wide, 0.38 high. Opisthosoma 0.39 long, 0.41 wide, 0.41 high. Clypeus 0.14 high. Sternum 0.21 long, 0.21 wide. Length of legs [total length (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus)]: I 0.96 (0.30, 0.14 0.20, 0.17, 0.15); II 0.82 (0.27, 0.13, 0.16, 0.14, 0.12); III 0.67 (0.20, 0.11, 0.11, 0.13, 0.12); IV 0.82 (0.27, 0.11, 0.16, 0.15, 0.13).

Prosoma: Carapace round. Cephalic part highly elevated, with distinctly concave clypeus. Eight eyes gathering at the apex of the carapace, arranged in two rows. AME black, others white. ALE and PLE contiguous. AER more strongly procurved than PER. Chelicerae shorter than endites, with tiny marginal teeth on fang furrow. Endites with serrula. Labium short, fused to sternum. Sternum heart-shaped, surface rough. Legs: Yellow, each segment with grey rings. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Leg I with a clasping macroseta on proximal 1/3 position of metatarsus. Patellae I–IV with a stiff dorsal seta distally, tibiae I–IV with a stiff dorsal seta proximally and 3 dorsal trichobothria. Metatarsi I–IV with a single trichobothrium. Opisthosoma: Round dorsally, triangular laterally. Spinnerets black, anteriors larger than posteriors. Colulus tiny, hardly visible. Pedipalp ( Figs 16 , 18 ): Femur long, without modification. Patella short. Tibia cup-shaped, with long setae ( Figs 16 A–B, 18A–B). Cymbium membranous, nearly triangular, with a mesial finger-shaped cymbial process on prolateral margin and a subcentral sclerotized cymbial spur ( Figs 16 E, 18E), prolateral-subdistal and distal margin distinctly sclerotized ( Figs 16 E, 18E), to form a scoop-shaped structure ( Figs 16 A, 18A). Tegulum large, wide, smooth, with an apical corner ( Figs 16 C–D, 18C–D). Spermatic duct visible through wrinkled subtegulum ( Figs 16 C, 18C). Embolus long, deriving from the base of tegulum ( Figs 16 D, 18D), extending distally to near the top of tegulum and folding downward, bypassing the tegulum ( Figs 16 C–D, 18C–D) and embolic end reached to the apical scoop-shaped structure of cymbium ( Figs 16 A, 18A).

Female (paratype). Somatic characters as in Fig. 15 D–F. Coloration: Prosoma yellow, with a triradial grey speckle medially. Chelicerae, endites and labium grey, sternum darkish. Opisthosoma darkish, with modified yellow spots.

Measurements: Total length 1.16. Prosoma 0.43 long, 0.36 wide, 0.37 high. Opisthosoma 0.75 long, 0.64 wide, 0.64 high. Clypeus 0.08 high. Sternum 0.23 long, 0.27 wide. Length of legs [total length (femur + patella + tibia + metatarsus + tarsus)]: I 1.16 (0.38, 0.18, 0.23, 0.21, 0.16); II 1.02 (0.32, 0.16, 0.20, 0.20, 0.14); III 0.85 (0.28, 0.13, 0.13, 0.17, 0.14); IV 1.06 (0.36, 0.15, 0.20, 0.20, 0.15).

Prosoma: Carapace pear-shaped. Cephalic region flat. Ocular area slightly protruded. Eyes pattern as in male, except, PRE straight. Chelicerae, endites and labium as in male. Sternum wide scutellate, posterior margin truncated. Legs: Coloration modification same as in male. Leg formula: I-II-IV-III. Femoral sclerotized spot absent. The number of setae and trichobothria on each leg as in male, but metatarsus I lacking clasping macroseta.

Opisthosoma: Long ovoid dorsally, anteriorly wide and posteriorly narrow, triangular laterally. Rear extending to form a posterior tubercle. Spinnerets grey, anteriors larger than posteriors. Colulus tiny, hardly visible. Epigynum ( Figs 17 , 19 ): Cuticle rugose, with distinctly dark pigmentation and covered with sparse setae ( Fig. 19 A–B). Anterior margin of epigastric groove protruded to form a broad epigynal plate ( Figs 17 A, 19A), with a rugose, translucent scape extending from posterior margin ( Figs 17 A–B, 19A–C). Internal structures difficult to distinguish from translucent epigynal cuticle ( Fig. 17 A–B). Spermathecae sclerotized, globular, separated by at least 4 times their diameter ( Figs 17 C, 19C). Fertilization ducts wide, deriving from the ventral base of the spermathecae, distal end fused to the lateral margin of the epigynal plate ( Figs 17 C, 19C). Copulatory ducts distinctly sclerotized, with three corners and two branches, proximal end deriving from the dorsal base of the spermathecae, distal end hammer-shaped ( Figs 17 C, 19C).

Distribution. Known only from the type locality ( Fig. 20 ).

Figures

FIGURE 15. Mysmena maculosa n. sp., male holotype (A – C) and female paratype (D – F). A – F, habitus. A, D, dorsal; B, E, ventral; C, F, lateral. Scale bars: 0.20.

FIGURE 16. Mysmena maculosa n. sp., male holotype. A – B, left pedipalp; C – D, pedipalpal bulb; E, cymbium. A, prolateral; B, retrolateral; C, ventral; D, dorsal; E, dorsal-lateral. Scale bars: 0.05.

FIGURE 17. Mysmena maculosa n. sp., female paratype. A – B, epigynum; C, vulva (lactic acid-treated). A, ventral; B, left lateral; C, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.05.

FIGURE 18. Mysmena maculosa n. sp., male holotype. A – B, left pedipalp; C – D, Pedipalpal bulb; E, cymbium. A, prolateral; B, retrolateral; C, ventral; D, dorsal; E, dorsolateral. Scale bars: 0.05.

FIGURE 19. Mysmena maculosa n. sp., female paratype. A – B, epigynum; C, vulva (lactic acid-treated). A, ventral; B, left lateral; C, dorsal. Scale bars: 0.05.

FIGURE 20. Locality records of three new mysmenids from Vietnam. 1. Calodipoena tamdaoensis n. sp.; 2. Gaoligonga taeniata n. sp.; 3. Mysmena maculosa n. sp.