Bartramia rosamrosiae Damayanti, J.Muñoz, J., 2012

Damayanti, Lia, Muñoz, Jesús, Wicke, Susann, Symmank, Lars, Shaw, Blanka, Frahm, Jan-Peter & Quandt, Dietmar, 2012, Common but new: Bartramia rosamrosiae, a “ new ” widespread species of apple mosses (Bartramiales, Bryophytina) from the Mediterranean and western North America, Phytotaxa 73 (1), pp. 37-59 : 45-49

Bartramia rosamrosiae Damayanti, J.Muñoz, J. -P.Frahm & D.Quandt, sp. nov. ( Figs. 4 & 5 ).

Type:− SPAIN. Málaga : Ronda road A-372 to Grazalema, 7 km after crossing with C-339, 36°45'35.2"N, 5°20'7.4"W, 8 April 2001, D. Quandt BS Sp 12 (holotype BONN X10285 !, isotype MA-Musci!) .

A species of Bartramia that can be distinguished from B. laevisphaera by its smaller size (<40 vs. <75 mm), its wide central strand in the stems (occupying 0.20–0.40 vs. 0.10–0.25 of the total stem diameter), triangular leaves without shoulders (vs. leaves with an oblong leaf base and recurved margins), thinner walls of the stem cortex cells (less than 2 µm vs. 2–3 µm), striate capsules with peristome on a 10–15 mm long seta (vs. wrinkled, gymnostomous capsule on a short seta <5 mm long), and distal teeth consisting of linear cells that scarcely protrude (vs. short to nearly isodiametric teeth cells). The similar B. stricta has leaves with an oblong base distally ending in weakly distinct shoulders (vs. triangular in B. rosamrosiae ), and teeth formed by one, rarely two isodiametric cells that protrude from the leaf margin. (Compare Figs. 4 & 5 , Table 3)

Plants moderately robust, green above and reddish brown below, in dense, seldom loose tufts. Stems up to 40 mm high, 0.2–0.4 mm in diameter, erect to ascending, simple or fastigiate and then branches 7–20 mm long, straight or curved at tip, orange, brown or light brown, with abundant reddish rhizoids covering most of basal stem. Central strand wide, occupying 0.20–0.40 of stem diameter, cortex cells large, with thin walls (<2 µm). Leaves stiffly erect, appressed, not sheathing, sometimes somewhat homomallous when dry, erect to spreading when moist, triangular, rarely lanceolate with an almost indistinguishable oblong base and weak shoulders, never sheathing, 1.5–4.5 mm long; margins flat or shortly (0.1–0.6 mm) recurved at the extreme base, unistratose proximally, 2–3-stratose distally; singly or doubly serrate distally, marginal teeth linear, seldom shorter, adjacent or with 1–2 cells between teeth; costa relatively slender, short-excurrent, 60–135 µm wide and 40–50 µm thick at base, dorsally rough in distal leaf; basal cells elongate-oblong to linear for 7–24 juxtacostal rows, isodiametric to short-oblong in 4–10 marginal rows, medial and distal cells smaller and narrower, thick-walled, prorulose on both sides. Sexual condition synoicous, gametoecium terminal, appearing lateral by innovations, perichaetial leaves lanceolate, differentiated from vegetative leaves, with oblong base and more distinct shoulders, limb sometimes linear; costa slender and narrower than in vegetative leaves. Seta solitary, reddish to orange brown, 10–15 mm, straight or scarcely curved, smooth. Capsule erect, ovoid to globose, striate when dry. Spores 22–32 µm, reddish-brown, verrucose.

Etymology:— Dedicated to our friend Rosa M. Ros (Murcia, Spain), in recognition of her outstanding contribution to the study of the Mediterranean bryophytes.

Selected specimens examined (paratypes) [total 167, see Appendix 1]: — CANADA. British Colombia: Vancouver Island, head of Peddar Bay , 48°20’N, 123°29’W, 16 April 1974, W.B Schofield 55398 (UBC- B35139) . USA. California: Shasta County, 40°35.7’N, 122°25.3’W, 150 m, 16 Febuary 2003, D.H. Norris 105288 (UC-1767483); San Francisco County , Glen Canyon , San Miguel Hills , 37°44’15’’N, 122°26’25’’W, 250 m, 29 January 2000, J.R. Shevock 18884 (UC-1739225); Sonoma County , 38°27’0’’N, 122°39’00’’W, 122–198 m, 22 April 1998, A.T. Whittemore & T.E. Whittemore 6696 ( MO) . FRANCE. Var: Massif des Maures, between Plan-de-la-Tour and Col de Gratteloup (D 44), 43°21’46.7’’N, 06°33’47.5’’E, 250 m, 1 April 2001, D. Quandt Bs F 5 (1) ( BONN X10247 ) . Corse: Marsiglia, road from Lenturia to Marsiglia , 42°57’14.2’’N, 09°22’29.2’’E, 25 April 2003, S. Wanke Bs Corse 3–1 ( BONN X10269 ) . PORTUGAL. Coimbra: 2 km after Degracias on the road N348 to Soure , 40°00’44.5’’N, 08°31’46’’W, 350 m, 12 April 2001, D. Quandt Bs P 6 ( BONN) . Madeira: Miradouro , January 2002, A. Vanderpoorten 1132 ( BONN X10260 , Herbarium Vanderpoorten) . ITALY. Basilikata: Polino, between San Severino and Francavilla , July 2002, L. Gartung Bs I 5 ( BONN) . MOROCCO. Taza: Bab Taza , 35°04’45’’N, 05°10’05’’W, 1100 m, 17 March 1997, M.J Cano, M.T. Gallego & R.M. Ros 10516 ( MUB: 10516) . TURKEY. Antalya: Alanya, road from Payallar to Güzelbag , 1 km after Payallar , April 2003, D. Quandt Bs T 3 ( BONN) . SAUDI ARABIA. Makkah: Between Mekka and Taif , 1450–1600 m, W. Frey & H. Kürschner 1564 (B) .

Ecology and distribution:— Bartramia rosamrosiae plants grow mostly at low elevations, at 50–1100 m. They are mostly found on soil, thin soil over rocks, or crevices in boulders, in shady and moist places, but also in dry to very dry or in temporarily/seasonally moist places, as in California. The nature of the substrate includes sedimentary rocks, slate, limestone, and also artificial concrete walls. They can be found near rivers, in open ‘shrubland’, open grasslands or in forests.

The species is distributed in the northern hemisphere ( Fig. 6 ), mostly occurring in areas with Mediterranean climate. In the western part of North America it is known from British Columbia ( Canada) and California ( USA). In Europe and Northern Africa it is relatively common in Mediterranean areas, and rare in cooler places with strong Atlantic influence, like Wales ( UK) and the Bailiwick of Guernsey in the English Channel. It is known from Azerbaijan, Cyprus, France (including Corsica), Great Britain, Greece, Italy, Morocco, Portugal (including Madeira), Spain (including the Canary Islands), and Turkey. In addition it occurs in Saudi Arabia and Israel.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Comparison of: A. Bartramia laevisphaera. B. B. stricta. C. B. rosamrosiae sp. nov. First row: Sporophyte dry (scale bar 2 mm). Second row: Plant dry (scale bar 2 mm). Third row: Plant wet (scale bar 2 mm).

FIGURE 5. Comparison of: A. Bartramia laevisphaera, B. B. stricta, C. B. rosamrosiae sp. nov.. First row: Cortex cells (scale bar 20 µm). Second row: Central strand illustrating the proportional differences (scale bar 100 µm). Third row: Leaf shape (scale bar A3 = 2 mm; B3–C3 = 1 mm) & distal margin (scale bar 50 µm). Last row): Cross section at leaf base (scale bar A4/B4 = 100 µm; C4 = 50 µm).

FIGURE 6. Distribution of the species of Bartramia sect. Strictidium: Cross = B. breutelii; Triangles = B. rosamrosiae sp. nov.; Stars = B. (Anacolia) laevisphaera; Squares = B. stricta.