Lomachaeta (Males), 1936

Williams, Kevin A., Cambra, Roberto A., Bartholomay, Pedro R., Luz, David R., Quintero, Diomedes & Pitts, James P., 2019, Review of the genus Lomachaeta Mickel, 1936 (Hymenoptera: Mutillidae) with new species and sex associations, Zootaxa 4564 (1), pp. 101-136 : 104-105

Key to species of Lomachaeta (Males)

1. Ventral margin of mandible armed with strong tooth basally................................................... 2

- Ventral margin of mandible lacking tooth basally............................................................ 4

2(1). Femora and tegulae orange brown, contrasting with entirely black mesosoma and metasoma ( Fig. 42 ; southwestern USA and northwestern Mexico)..................................................... L. cirrhomeris Pitts & Manley, 2004

- Femora and tegula usually blackish, mesosoma blackish, metasoma often partly reddened; if femora orange, then metasoma also predominantly orange ( Figs 44–45 )................................................................... 3

3(2). Penis valve with one basal tooth (see Pitts & Manley 2004, Fig. 16–18 ); body color variable, entirely black or with metasoma cuticle variably orange to red ( Figs 43–46 ; widespread in Nearctic)............................ L. hicksi Mickel, 1936

- Penis valve with two basal teeth (see Pitts & Manley 2004, Fig. 14 ); body entirely black ( Fig. 42 ; Nayarit, Mexico South to Costa Rica)............................................................. L. chionothrix Pitts & Manley, 2004

4(1). Metasoma largely red to orange (e.g. Figs 47–52 ; North America only).......................................... 5

- Body entirely black except tegula, head, or legs sometimes orange or lighter brown ( Figs 53–64 ; North or South America). 9

5(4). Paramere broadly flattened throughout, rounded apically ( Arizona, California, and Nevada; Fig. 47 , also see Pitts & Manley 2004, Fig. 23 ).......................................................... L. beadugrimi ( Pitts & Manley 2004)

- Paramere acuminate apically, at most laterally compressed (e.g. Pitts & Manley 2004, Figs 14–22 ).................... 6

6(5). Wing venation reduced, cells contained in basal half of forewing ( Figs 48, 49 ); paramere lacking row of elongate setae ventrally (e.g. Fig. 67 ).................................................................................... 7

- Wing venation normal, cells extending beyond basal half of forewing (e.g. Fig. 52 ); paramere with somewhat uniform row of long setae ventrally (see Manley & Pitts 2004; Fig. 19, 20 )................................................... 8

7(1). Head and mesosoma orange, concolorous with T2 ( Fig. 49 ); paramere laterally compressed, moderately setose ( Fig. 49, 50 ; Riverside County, California)................................................. L. calamondin Williams , sp. nov.

- Head and mesosoma black ( Fig. 48 ); paramere not so compressed, basically subcylindrical, sparsely setose (Central Valley and Coast Ranges, California)....................................................... L. powelli ( Mickel), 1964

8(7). Pronotum and mesoscutum with IS more than twice PD; metasoma blackish with orange color restricted to T2 and T3 ( Fig. 51 ; Sonoran Desert in Arizona and California, USA and Oaxaca, Mexico)............ L. ptilohyalus Pitts & Manley, 2004

- Pronotum and mesoscutum with IS less than twice PD; metasoma mostly orange ( Fig. 52 ; Great Basin to Chihuahuan Desert in southwestern Nearctic Region)............................................ L. crocopinna Pitts & Manley, 2004

9(7). Apical fringe of T2 with row of convergent thick bristles (e.g. Figs 53, 54 , 57 ; North and South America).............. 10

- Apical fringe of T2 with simple setae only (e.g. Figs 58, 60 , 63 ; North America).................................. 13

10(9). Vertex with separated punctures, IS=PD; paramere having long setae on external surface medially (see Williams & Pitts 20 0 9, Fig. 15 ; Sonora, Mexico)..................................................... L. theresa Williams & Pitts, 2009

- Frons and vertex coarsely punctate or areolate; paramere lacking long setae except sometimes at apex (South America)... 11

11(10). T1 shape nodose, anterior face convex ( Fig. 56 ); apical third of paramere distinctly downcurved ( Fig. 71 ; Colombia).................................................................................... L. juanita Williams , sp. nov.

- T1 shape disciform, anterior face flat or concave ( Figs 53, 55 ); paramere basically straight or evenly downcurving throughout its length (e.g. Manley & Pitts 2004, Fig. 21 ).............................................................. 12

12(11). Gena weakly carinate, apex of paramere with weak tuft of long setae (see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 7 ; Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay)....................................................................... L. vianai Casal, 1969

- Genal carina distinct; apex of paramere lacking setal tuft (see Manley & Pitts 2004, Fig. 21 ; Northern South America)............................................................................. L. hyphantria Pitts & Manley, 2004

13(9). Paramere broadly flattened, rounded apically ( Fig. 69 ; also see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 13 )..................... 14

- Paramere acuminate apically, at most laterally compressed (e.g. see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 1 )................... 15

14(13). Cuspis and paramere with all setae shorter than paramere width (see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 13 ; Sonoran Desert in California)................................................................ L. snellingella Williams & Pitts, 2009

- Cuspis and paramere with setae much longer than paramere width ( Figs 59 , 69 ; Sonora, Mexico)................................................................................................... L. eironeia Williams , sp. nov.

15(13). Paramere lacking long setae, all setae shorter than paramere width (see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 9 ; Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico).................................................... L. polemomechana Williams & Pitts, 2009

- Paramere with at least some ventral or apical setae longer than mid-paramere width............................... 16

16(15). Entire paramere with continuous ventral setal row (see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 3 ; Mohave and Sonoran Deserts in California and Nevada)............................................................... L. ilex Williams & Pitts, 2009

- Long ventral setae of paramere absent from basal half....................................................... 17

17(16). Paramere narrow throughout, long cylindrical, apically convergent, and evenly curving ventrally throughout length ( Fig. 63 , also see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 5 ; Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico)........... L. litosisyra Williams & Pitts, 2009

- Paramere evenly tapering toward apex, somewhat laterally compressed, subparallel, and virtually straight to apex or scarcely downcurving (e.g. Figs 62, 64 )......................................................................... 18

18(17). Long setae of paramere restricted to tuft in apical fifth of free length (see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 17 ; Texas, New Mexico, and Arizona, USA and Sonora, Mexico)..................................... L. vacamuerta Williams & Pitts, 2009

- Long setae of paramere scattered through apical half of free length (see Williams & Pitts 2009, Fig. 1 ; Baja California Sur, Mexico).................................................................. L. hedera Williams & Pitts, 2009

Figures

FIGURES 41–46. Lomachaeta males; lateral habitus. 41) L. chionothrix; 42) L. cirrhomeris; 43) L. hicksi, Florida; 44) L. hicksi, Riverside Co., California; 45) L. hicksi, Los Angeles Co., California; 46) L. hicksi, Colorado. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 15–20. Lomachaeta females; lateral habitus. 15) L. hyphantria, Brazil; 16) L. hyphantria, Venezuela; 17) L. ibarrai, Holotype; 18) L. meloi, sp. nov.; 19) L. vianai, Argentina, Holotype; 20) L. vianai, Paraguay. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 9–14. Lomachaeta females; dorsal habitus. 9) L. hyphantria, Brazil; 10) L. hyphantria, Venezuela; 11) L. ibarrai, Holotype; 12) L. meloi, sp. nov.; 13) L. vianai, Argentina, Holotype; 14) L. vianai, Paraguay. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 47–52. Lomachaeta males; lateral habitus (47–49, 51, 52) and face view (50). 47) L. beadugrimi; 48) L. powelli; 49–50) L. calamondin, sp. nov.; 51) L. ptilohyalus; 52) L. crocopinna. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 53–56. Lomachaeta males; lateral habitus. 53) L. hyphantria, Brazil; 54) L. hyphantria, Colombia; 55) L. vianai; 56) L. juanita, sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 57–60. Lomachaeta males; lateral habitus. 57) L. theresa; 58) L. snellingella; 59) L. eironeia, sp. nov.; 60) L. polemomechana. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 61–64. Lomachaeta males; lateral habitus. 61) L. ilex; 62) L. hedera; 63) L. litosisyra; 64) L. vacamuerta. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 21–26. Lomachaeta females; dorsal habitus. 21) L. chionothrix; 22) L. cirrhomeris, California; 23) L. cirrhomeris, Arizona; 24) L. hicksi, Alachua Co., Florida; 25) L. hicksi, Coconino Co., Arizona; 26) L. hicksi, Cache Co., Utah. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 65–72. Lomachaeta line drawings: female mandible (65, 66), male genitalia, lateral view (67, 69, 71), penis valve, lateral view (68, 70, 72). 65) L. hicksi; 66) L. beadugrimi; 67–68) L. calamondin, sp. nov.; 69–70) L. eironeia, sp. nov.; 71–72) L. juanita, sp. nov.

FIGURES 5–8. Lomachaeta females; lateral habitus. 5) L. argenta; 6) L. vacamuerta, Kennedy County, Texas; 7) L. vacamuerta, LaSalle County, Texas; 8) L. osita, sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm.

FIGURES 1–4. Lomachaeta females; dorsal habitus. 1) L. argenta; 2) L. vacamuerta, LaSalle County, Texas; 3) L. vacamuerta, Kennedy County, Texas; 4) L. osita, sp. nov. Scale bar = 1 mm.