Chrysodema (Pseudochrysodema) instabilis Deyrolle, 1864

Frank, David & Sekerka, Lukáš, 2020, Studies on the genus Chrysodema (Coleoptera: Buprestidae: Chrysochroinae) part I., Zootaxa 4720 (1), pp. 1-62 : 51-55

Chrysodema (Pseudochrysodema) instabilis Deyrolle, 1864 stat. rev.

( Figs 67–69 , 86 )

Chrysodema instabilis Deyrolle (1864) : 14 (key), 23 (original description); Saunders (1871): 13 (catalogue); Kerremans (1892): 38 (catalogue); Kerremans (1903): 75 (catalogue); Akiyama & Ohmomo (2000): Pl. 44, Figs 462-1, 462-2.

Chalcophora instabilis: Gemminger & Harold (1869) : 1358 (catalogue).

Chrysodema (Chrysodema) instabilis: Kerremans (1909) : 519 (key), 571 (redescription); Obenberger (1926): 131 (catalogue); Lander (2003): 21 (revision, as synonym of C. (C.) radians ), 76 (colour Fig. 22 ); Bellamy (2008): 532 (listed as synonym of C. (C.) radians ), 536 (catalogue, in synonymy of C. (C.) radians ).

Type locality. ‘ Gilolo’ [ Indonesia, North Maluku Province, Halmahera Island] .

Type material examined. LECTOTYPE (present designation): ♀, ‘Gilolo [w, h] // Ex-Musaeo / Mniszech [w, p]’ ( MNHN). Specimen was provided with an additional red printed label: ‘ LECTOTYPE / Chrysodema / instabilis / DEYROLLE, 1864 ♀ / David Frank & / Lukáš Sekerka des. VIII. 2018 [date handwritten]’.

Additional material examined (14 ♂♂, 18 ♀♀). INDONESIA: NORTH MALUKU PROV.: Halmahera Island: Gilolo, 1 ♀ ( NMPC); Moluques, Halmaheira, Coll. Bruijn 1877 (2 ♂♂, 3 ♀♀ MNHN, 1 ♀ NMPC); Halma- hera, Sig. R. Oberthür (Coll. Landsberge), Eing. Nr. 4, 1956, 1 ♂, 3 ♀♀ ( NMPC); Halmaheira, ex coll. F. Kessel, Mus. Zool. Polonicus Warszawa, 1946, 2 ♂♂ ( NMPC); Halmaheira, 1 ♀ ( NMPC); Halmahera, March 1991, 1 ♂ ( VKSC); Halmahera, xii.1998, 1 ♀ ( VKSC); Halmahera, iii.1999, 2 ♂♂ ( VKSC); Halmaheira, ix.2002, 1 ♀ ( EJBS); Halmahera, ix.2002, 1 ♀ ( ATMR, coll. R. Novak; Halmaheira, v.2003 (1 ♂ EJBS, 1 ♀ DFPC); Halmahera, v.2003, 1 ♀ ( ATMR, coll. R. Novak; Halmahera, Mt. Ibu, xii.2005 (1 ♂ EJBS; 1 ♂ DFPC); Halmahera, Mt. Ibu , v.2006, 1 ♂, 1 ♀ ( VKSC); Halmahera, Mt. Ibu , iv.2010, 1 ♂ ( DFPC). Bacan Island: Molucc., Batchian , Sig. R. Oberthür (Coll. Landsberge), Eing. Nr. 4, 1956, 1 ♂ ( NMPC); Bacan, v.2005, 1 ♀ ( NMPC). Kasiruta Island: Kasiruta Isl. , east coast, 0–50 m alt, ix.2008, local collectors lgt., 1 ♀ ( ATMR, coll. R. Novak; Kasiruta, ix.2008, 1 ♀ ( DFPC).

Redescription of lectotype. Moderately preserved ♀, most of tarsi and both antennae partly broken. Length 30.50 mm, width: 11.00 mm, length/width ratio: 2.77.

Body dark bronze. Head and shiny parts of pronotum dark copper, distinctly more metallic and paler coloured than elytra. Punctures on pronotum golden with turquioise areolae; principal impressions turquioise-gold. Elytra bronze, towards lateral sides gradually more purple; punctures dark copper/purple. Ventral side mostly with obscure purple tint and laterally slightly bluish or greenish with some gold. Antennae dark brown, only base of antennomere I rust-coloured. Labrum, labium and maxillae pale brown. Ventral pads on all tarsomeres brownish-black.

Head moderately coarsely but sparsely punctate, punctures foveolate, each bearing short seta, thus frons sparsely pubescent. Vertex distinctly more densely punctate but punctures smaller and somewhat finer; punctures bearing adherent setae.

Pronotum strongly shiny, moderately densely macropunctate with large impunctate areas; interspaces extremely finely and sparsely micropunctate (hardly visible at magnification 50 ×) and micro-reticulate. Macropunctation laterally gradually coarser and more dense. Each macropuncture bearing moderately long white adherent seta. Medial line flat, sparsely micropunctate along entire length, moderately delimited. Medial impressions impressed only anteriorly. Principal impressions moderately large but shallow with moderately convex central part; conspicuously punctate. Lateral impressions moderately deep, densely macropunctate with several large punctures with shallow fovea. Border between principal and lateral impression forming moderately high and relatively sharp carina. Lateral margin reaching to approx. 6/7 length of pronotum, carinate along entire length. Base of pronotum uniform without any special structure.

Elytra regularly convex, basal third nearly flat and apical 2/3 with structure. Intervals complete, all eight more or less defined and gradually elevated from base to apex, very finely micropunctate (at magnification 50 ×) and with several confused macropunctures. Central intervals more irregular than inner and outer ones. Rows of punctures irregular; internal two with single row of punctures in basal 1/2 and multiple rows apically; rows 3–7 formed by impressed groups of 2–6 punctures; row 8 formed by irregular double row of punctures multiplied around midlength. Area between interval 8 and outer margin with broad stripe of dense and completely irregularly arranged punctures. Interspaces within rows 1–6 × as wide as puncture diameter. Elytra overall moderately densely and coarsely punctate. Each macropuncture with short and adherent white seta, but without larger pilose areas. Epipleura in basal 1/4 broad, densely punctate and somewhat rugose, then abruptly constricted, with sharp inward tooth, and then gradually narrowing apically; punctures becoming finer and vanishing towards apex. Each puncture bearing long erect white seta.

Fore and mid femora in central part strongly shiny, sparsely punctate; hind femora somewhat more densely punctate. Each puncture bearing seta, setation particularly conspicuous on lower side of hind femora.

Ventral side of body ( Fig. 68 ) overall densely and moderately coarsely punctate, only central part sparsely punctate with larger shiny impunctate areas. Lateral sides of abdominal ventrite I moderately densely punctate with uniformly mid-sized punctures. Remaining ventrites with area of smaller and densely arranged punctures along anterior margin, and apical part sparsely punctate with larger punctures; proportion of densely punctate area gradually decreasing apically, thus only linear on ventrite V ( Fig. 69 ).

Variation. Body ♂♂ (n=12) length: 22.50–26.00mm, width: 8.00–9.00 mm, length/width ratio: 2.79–2.90(3.00); ♀♀ (n=16) length: 24.00– 32.50 mm, width: 8.25–12.00 mm, length/width ratio: 2.67–2.91. Moderately variable species. Colouration rather constant, only in some specimens dorsum a little more violet or bluish. Structure of pro- notum very variable regarding punctation, some specimens with relatively small and thus relatively sparse punctation while other with large and dense punctation. Medial line from flat to slightly elevated and variously delimited. Principal impressions of quite constant shape and always with convex central part; punctation variable but always distinctive. Structure of elytra quite constant, only punctation either somewhat coarser and more impressed (in three specimens) or finer and whole structure less impressed/convex (in two specimens).

Aedeagus (n=4) length: 7.44–7.89 mm, width 1.33–1.44 mm, length/width ratio: 5.35–5.59(5.77). Parameres rhomboidal in outline, apices strongly narrowed and rounded; apices with a few large but shallow pores and short sharply pointed scales. Penis strongly elongate, subparallel-sided, apex moderately projecting beyond parameres, subtriangular with blunt tip; ventral side smooth and flat without any impressions or striae ( Fig. 86 ).

Differential diagnosis. For differential diagnosis see Table 4 on page 56.

Distribution. Indonesia, North Maluku Province, known from Halmahera, Bacan and Kasiruta islands.

Remarks. Deyrolle (1864) did not state how many specimens he had at his disposal. We have located a single female in MNHN which we designate as lectotype to conserve status of this species. Lander (2003) did not study the type of C. (P.) instabilis but synonymized it with C. (P.) radians , however, we disagree with the synonymy and in our opinion C. (P.) radians is a group of species, as individual taxa show considerable morphological differences. Therefore we restore the species status of C. (P.) instabilis .

Figures

FIGURES 67–72. Chrysodema, general aspect: 67–69—C. (Pseudochrysodema) instabilis Deyrolle, 1864 (lectotype, ♀ 30.50 mm). 70–72—C. (P.) jakli sp. nov. (holotype, ♀ 32.00 mm). 67, 70—dorsal view; 68, 71—ventral view; 69, 72—lateral view.

FIGURES 73–95. Chrysodema, genitalia and terminal abdominal segments. 73—Chrysodema (Chrysodema) sonnerati Laporte de Castelnau & Gory, 1835 (Sri Lanka, MHNG); 74—C. (C.) lewisii lewisii Saunders, 1873 (holotype); 75—C. (C.) lewisii nakatai subsp. nov. (holotype); 76—C. (C.) tonkinea Kerremans, 1909 (lectotype); 77—C. (C.) vrabeci sp. nov. (holotype); 78—C. (C.) aeneoviolacea Deyrolle, 1864 (Kai Is., MHNG); 79—C. (C.) dany sp. nov. (holotype); 80—C. (C.) sibuyanica Fisher, 1924 (Sibuyan Is., NMPC); 81—C. (C.) wallacei Deyrolle, 1864 (Ambon Is, MNHN); 82—C. (C.) dohrnii Saunders, 1874 (Mindanao Is., DFPC); 83—C. (C.) fuscitarsis Kerremans, 1895 (Palawan Is., MNHN); 84—C. (C.) gottwaldi sp. nov. (holotype); 85—C. (Pseudochrysodema) coelestina Obenberger, 1922 (lectotype); 86—C. (P.) instabilis Deyrolle, 1864 (Halmahera Is., DFPC); 87—C. (C.) dohrnii (ibid., DFPC); 88—C. (C.) fuscitarsis (ibid., MNHN); 89—C. (C.) gottwaldi sp. nov. (holotype); 90, 91—C. (C.) aurostriata (lectotype); 92, 93—C. (C.) tonkinea (Hoa Binh, DFPC); 94, 95—C. (C.) vrabeci sp. nov. (Ban Huay Kon, MOOC). 73–79, 85–86—tegmen, parameres and penis; 80–84—aedeagus; 87–89—male ventrite VIII; 90, 92, 94—female ventrite VIII; 91, 93, 95—female tergite VIII. The scale bar does not apply to Figs 87–95.

FIGURES 19–24. Chrysodema, general aspect: 19–21—C. (C.) tonkinea Kerremans, 1909 (lectotype, ♂ 21.00 mm). 22—C. (C.) aurostriata ‘coomani Théry’ (BMNH, ♀ 28.25 mm)=C. (C.) tonkinea. 23—C. (C.) aurostriata ‘delacouri Théry’ (BMNH, ♀ 28.25 mm)=C. (C.) tonkinea. 24—C. (C.) aurostriata Saunders, 1866 (lectotype, ♀). 19, 22–23—dorsal view; 20—ventral view; 21—lateral view; 24—head.