Citrogramma gedehanum, (DE MEIJERE, 1914)

Mengual, Ximo, 2012, The flower fly genus Citrogramma Vockeroth (Diptera: Syrphidae): illustrated revision with descriptions of new species, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 164 (1), pp. 99-172 : 143-145

CITROGRAMMA GEDEHANUM ( DE MEIJERE, 1914)

Syrphus gedehanus de Meijere, 1914: 156 . Lectotype: ♂, ZMAN, here designated. Type locality: Indonesia: Java, Gunung Gedeh. de Meijere, 1914: 156; Hervé- Bazin, 1923a: 25.

Olbiosyrphus gedehanus of Hervé-Bazin, 1926: 67; Frey, 1946: 163.

Citrogramma gedehanum of Knutson et al., 1975: 311.

Citrogramma gedehanus of Wyatt, 1991: 155, 158.

Geographical distribution: Java, Sumatra, Hainan.

Differential diagnosis: Species with yellow face, posterior anepisternum black on anterior third or more, scutellum with a defined black triangular macula, notopleuron entirely yellow pilose, anepimeron black except dorsomedial section ( Fig. 118 ), pro- and mesofemur entirely yellow and facial hairs extensively yellow. Very similar to C. fascipleurum and C. difficile , with similar bluish scutum divided by two dark vittae broadening posteriorly. As mentioned above, C. gedehanum differs from C. difficile by the abdominal pattern in males ( Figs 112, 116 ) and by occipital hairs in females. Citrogramma fascipleurum has yellow face with lateral black hairs, notopleuron yellow pilose with some black hairs, and posterior anepimeron yellow ( Fig. 110 ).

Citrogramma gedehanum was described from Java and there are also records from Sumatra. This species belongs to a very complex species group with C. difficile , C. currani , C. fascipleurum , C. variscutatum , and C. wyatti . In the identification key, morphological characters are provided to key out all these species properly. As mentioned by Curran (1928), I would not be surprised if C. difficile was considered a variety of C. gedehanum with a different abdominal pattern after using more evidence and/or DNA analyses.

Remarks: de Meijere (1908) did not designate a holotype in his work when describing Syrphus gedehanus , now C. gedehanum . In his original description there is a note about the type material: ‘Gunung Gedeh, März, JACOBSON leg.; G. Gedeh, Juni, 1500– 2000 m., 1♂, KONINGSBERGER leg.’.

de Jong (2000) explained in his book that the type material of this species is deposited at ZMAN, constituting two syntype males. One male is labelled ‘E. Jacobson/Goenoeag Gedeh/ Java Maart 1911’, ‘ Syrphus / gedehanus /det. de Meijere./ Type ’ [handwritten except third line, de Meijere] ‘ Syrphus / gedehanus/ de Meijere 1914 /ZMAN type DIPT.0989.1’. The other male is labelled ‘E. Jacobson/Goenoeag Gedeh/ Java Maart 1911’ ‘ Syrphus /gedehanus/ de Meijere, 1914 /ZMAN type DIPT.0989.2’. There is another male labelled ‘ Java /Jacobson’ ‘ Syrphus / gedehanus/ de Meijere, 1914 /ZMAN type? DIPT. 0989’ that de Jong (2000) also mentioned in his notes about C. gedehanum as possible material of the type series. After its study, this male is considered here as part of the type series of C. gedehanum .

de Jong (2000) noticed that although de Meijere (1914) described the male and female of S. gedehanus , no female is present amongst the ZMAN material collected by Jacobson. Thus, de Jong suggested that the only female at ZMAN collected by Koningsberger could belong to the type series of S. gedehanus . However, de Meijere (1914) indicated only a male collected by Koningsberger in his type material note. This female specimen is labelled ‘Gedeh. JAVA / Koningsberger/ 4 .1911. 1500–2000 M ’ ‘ ♀ v. gedehanus /? ? /det. de Meijere’ [handwritten except third line, de Meijere] ‘ Syrphus /gedehanus/ de Meijere 1914 /ZMAN type DIPT.0989.3’. After reviewing the material, this female was excluded from the type series because it is not a female of C. gedehanum , but of C. variscutatum . Moreover, a male in RMNH that is labelled ‘Gedeh. JAVA /Koningsberger/ 1911 Juni / 1500–2000 m ’ is in agreement with the material that de Meijere originally cited. Thus, I assigned this male as a paralectotype of C. gedehanum .

Amongst the examined syntypes (three males) deposited at the Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam (Universiteit van Amsterdam, the Netherlands), there is a pinned male labelled ‘E. Jacobson/Goenoeag Gedeh/Java Maart 1911’, ‘ Syrphus / gedehanus /det. de Meijere./ Type ’ [handwritten except third line, de Meijere] ‘ Syrphus /gedehanus/ de Meijere 1914 /ZMAN type DIPT.0989.1’. This specimen is here designated as the lectotype of C. gedehanum to fix and ensure the universal and consistent interpretation of the name. The other syntypes have been labelled as paralectotypes of C. gedehanum .

Lectotype male deposited in the Zoölogisch Museum Amsterdam (Universiteit van Amsterdam, the Netherlands) and labelled: ‘E. Jacobson/Goenoeag Gedeh/Java Maart 1911’, ‘ Syrphus / gedehanus /det. de Meijere./ Type ’ [handwritten except third line, de Meijere] ‘ Syrphus /gedehanus/ de Meijere 1914 / ZMAN type DIPT.0989.1’ ‘ LECTOTYPE / Citrogramma / gedehanum /det. X. Mengual 20 09 ’ [red, second and third lines handwritten].

Type locality: Indonesia: West Java, Gunung Gedeh , 6°47′S, 106°57′E .

Material examined: Type material. Lectotype, as above. Paralectotypes. INDONESIA: West Java, Gunung Gedeh, ‘ E. Jacobson / Goenoeag Gedeh / Java Maart 1911’, ‘ Syrphus /gedehanus/ de Meijere 1914 / ZMAN type DIPT. 0989.2’ [1♂, ZMAN];..., ‘ Java / Jacobson’ , ‘ Syrphus /gedehanus/ de Meijere 1914 / ZMAN type? DIPT. 0989’ [1♂, ZMAN];..., ‘ Gedeh. JAVA / Koningsberger / 1911 Juni / 1900–2000 m ’ [1♂, RMNH] .

Nontype material. INDONESIA: West Sumatra, Gunung Talakmau, 0°10′N, 100°00′E, ‘ Edw. Jacobson / Gun. Teleman / Sum. 6.1917’ [8♂, ZMAN; 1♂, RMNH];..., ‘ Syrphus / gedehanus / de Meij. ’ [handwritten, de Meijere] [2♂, ZMAN];..., ‘ Syrphus / gedehanus / ♀ / de Meij. ’ [handwritten, de Meijere] [1♀, ZMAN]; N Sumatra, Aceh, Mount Leuser , 2000– 2300 m, 29.i.1937, A. Hoogerwerf [1♂, RMNH]; West Java, Mount Pangrango , 3000 m, 24.xii.1919, D. V . L. [1♂, ZMAN]; Central Java, Mount Telomoyo, 1900 m, top, 20.x.1939. M.A. Lieftinck [1♂, RMNH]; Java, Muller [9♂, RMNH]; Java, Blume [2♀, RMNH]; East Java, G. Malang, Mts. Djampangs , x.1936, R . Mus. Hist. Nat. Belg. I.G. 11.161 [1♀, IRSNB]; CHINA: Hainan, Ledong County, jianfengling, 16.xi.2006, Ke-Ke Huo [6♂, SBSC] (Huo, unpubl. data) .

Figures

Figures 112–121. 112–115, Citrogramma difficile: 112, dorsal view of male abdomen; 113, dorsal view of female abdomen; 114, dorsal view of female head and lateral view of pleuron; 115, lateral view of male head and pleuron. 116–118, Citrogramma gedehanum: 116, dorsal view of male abdomen; 117, dorsal view of female abdomen; 118, lateral view of male pleuron. 119–120, Citrogramma marissa: 119, dorsal view of male abdomen; 120, dorsal view of female abdomen. 121, Citrogramma pendleburyi, dorsal view of male abdomen.

Figures 100–111. 100, Citrogramma variscutatum, dorsal view of female abdomen. 101–102, Citrogramma currani: 101, dorsal view of male abdomen; 102, dorsal view of female abdomen. 103–106, Citrogramma wyatti: 103, dorsal view of male abdomen; 104, dorsal view of female abdomen; 105, anterodorsal view of male head; 106, dorsal view of female head. 107, Citrogramma fascipleurum, anterodorsal view of female head. 108–109, Citrogramma difficile: 108, frontal view of male head; 109, dorsal view of female head. 110, C. fascipleurum, lateral view of female pleuron and head. 111, C. difficile, dorsal view of head, scutum and scutellum.