Hemiarius Bleeker, 1862

Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires, Oliveira, Claudio & Ferraris Jr, Carl J., 2024, A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2), pp. 426-476 : 457

Hemiarius Bleeker, 1862

MP 94, ML 91

( Figs 1–3 , 30 )

Type species: Cephalocassis stormii Bleeker, 1858 .

Diagnosis

Parasphenoid very wide in ventral view (66, 0> 1); dorsal crest on premaxilla beginning between lateral one-third or one-half of anterior margin (124, 0> 1); dorsal crest of hyomandibula short and high (141, 0> 1); third basibranchial chalice shaped (168, 0> 1); transverse crest associated with neural spine of fourth vertebra very high (200, 0> 1); median crest associated with neural spine of fourth vertebra very high (202, 0> 1).

Ambiguous optimization: Mesethmoid median portion moderately wide (2, 0> 1); gas bladder lateral diverticula shallow, rounded bulges (244, 0> 1).

Included species

Hemiarius bleekeri Popta, 1900 * sedis mutabilis

Hemiarius hardenbergi Kailola, 2000 * sedis mutabilis

Hemiarius harmandi Sauvage, 1880 * sedis mutabilis

Hemiarius manillensis Valenciennes, 1840 * sedis mutabilis Hemiarius stormii Bleeker, 1858

Hemiarius sumatranus Anonymous, 1830

Hemiarius verrucosus Ng, 2003 * sedis mutabilis.

Habitat and distribution: Predominantly brackish waters, South and Southeast Asia ( Fig. 24 ).

Remarks

The total-evidence analysis supports the monophyly of Hemiarius as observed in previous morphological studies ( Marceniuk and Menezes 2007, Marceniuk et al. 2012). The inclusion of Hemiarius in the subtribe Ariina is supported by the MP and ML analyses.

Figures

Figure 1. MP analysis.Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green).Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 2. ML analysis. Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green). Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 3. BI analysis.Subfamilies (SF) Galeichthyinae (pink), Bagreinae (bright blue), and Ariinae (dark blue). Tribe (T) Ariini (blue), Cathopsini (orange), Genidentini tribe nov. (brown), and Sciadeini tribe nov. (light green).Subtribe (ST) Ariina (light blue) and Doiichthyina (green). Incertae sedis taxa (IS) (red). Numbers over branches correspond to the bootstrap support.

Figure 24. Representative skulls, in dorsal view, and distribution of the subtribe Ariina.A, Arius maculatus, AUM 44875. B, Cephalocassis melanochir, CAS 49426. C, Cryptarius truncatus, AUM 50243. D, Hexanematichthys sagor, AUM 50242. E, Kyataphisa nenga, AUM 46280. F, Osteogeneiosus militaris, AUM 44880. G, Pseudosciades sona, AUM 44861. * marine, ** brackish water, *** freshwater.

Figure 30. Hemiarius stormii, BMNH 1863.12.4.65, Thailand, Vietnam, and Indonesia, type species of the genus.