Plicofollis Kailola, 2004

Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires, Oliveira, Claudio & Ferraris Jr, Carl J., 2024, A new classification of the family Ariidae (Osteichthyes: Ostariophysi: Siluriformes) based on combined analyses of morphological and molecular data, Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 200 (2), pp. 426-476 : 450-452

publication ID

https://doi.org/ 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad078

publication LSID

lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5D6C7EBF-E568-4100-9364-2DD357003878

DOI

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.11282646

persistent identifier

https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F32B77-FFFF-FFBB-0EB1-F8DFFD514CFE

treatment provided by

Plazi

scientific name

Plicofollis Kailola, 2004
status

 

Plicofollis Kailola, 2004 View in CoL View at ENA

MP 92, BI 1, ML 100

( Figs 1–3 View Figure 1 View Figure 2 View Figure 3 , 20C View Figure 20 , 23 View Figure 23 )

Type species: Arius argyropleuron Valenciennes, 1840 .

Diagnosis

Posterior branch of lateral ethmoid depressed (13, 0> 1); parasphenoid very wide in ventral view (66, 0> 1); maxilla with mesial and lateral margins parallel for proximal two-thirds, converging in distal one-third, distal margin truncate (102, 2> 0); posterior margin of interopercle straight and inclined (130, 0> 1); metapterygoid one and one-half times longer than deep in perpendicular section (135, 1> 2); metapterygoid anterior process truncate (138, 0> 1); anterior portion of anterior ceratohyal very thick (152, 0> 1); posterolateral processes of urohyal more than one-half as long as distal portion of bone (162, 2> 3); gas bladder lateral diverticula present (243, 0> 1).

Ambiguous optimization: Mesethmoid median portion moderately wide (2, 0> 1); extension of diagonal crest associated with posterior branch of parapophysis of complex vertebra short, reaching transverse crest (199, 1> 0); opening delimited by epioccipital posterior process and crests of sustentaculum of Weberian apparatus moderate (203, 2> 1).

Included species

Plicofollis argyropleuron Valenciennes, 1840

Plicofollis aff. argyropleuron sp 1

Plicofollis aff. argyropleuron sp 2

Plicofollis crossocheilos (Bleeker, 1846) * sedis mutabilis Plicofollis dussumieri Valenciennes, 1840

Plicofollis layardi Günther, 1866

Plicofollis aff. layardi

Plicofollis magatensis Herre, 1926 View in CoL *

Plicofollis nella Valenciennes, 1840 View in CoL

Plicofollis platystomus Day, 1877

Plicofollis polystaphylodon Bleeker, 1846

Plicofollis aff. polystaphylodon

Plicofollis tenuispinis Day, 1877

Plicofollis tonggol Bleeker, 1846 .

Habitat and distribution: Brackish and marine waters, eastern Africa, South and Southeast Asia, southern New Guinea, and northern Australia ( Fig. 20 View Figure 20 ).

Remarks

Plicofollis View in CoL was established by Kailola (2004) based on the examination of Plicofollis argyropleuron View in CoL , Plicofollis polystaphylodon View in CoL , and Plicofollis nella View in CoL . Monophyly of the genus was ratified, and its species composition revised, based on morphological and molecular data ( Marceniuk and Menezes 2007, Betancur-R. 2009, Marceniuk et al. 2012, 2017c). The results of the total-evidence analysis corroborate the monophyly of the genus, with the addition of four currently unnamed species, but without consensus on its relationships within the Ariinae (Betancur-R. 2009).

In addition to the diagnostic character states listed above, all species of Plicofollis View in CoL except Plicofollis platystomus View in CoL share the following morphological states. On the basis of this suite of characters, we interpret Plicofollis platystomus View in CoL as the sister to all other species of Plicofollis View in CoL . Posterior cranial fontanel reduced to a small opening (27, 1> 0); epioccipital dorsally visible (41, 0> 1); general shape of vomer arrow shaped (49, 1> 2); vomer lateral processes short (52, 0> 1); anterior portion of posterior process of vomer as narrow as distal portion (54, 0> 1); accessory tooth plates large, longitudinally elongate (60,?> 4); orbitosphenoid and pterosphenoid lateral expansions slight projections with straight lateral faces (65, 0> 3); lachrymal-antorbital narrow (100, 0> 1); premaxilla narrow and very long, its length two to three times in width (120, 1> 2); anteroventral margin of opercle concave or almost straight (128, 0> 1); anterior portion of interopercle compressed and bifurcate (132, 0> 1); interopercle subrectangular (134, 0> 2); posterolateral processes of urohyal short (160, 1> 0); second basibranchial short and narrow (167, 2> 4); contact face between first epibranchial and first pharyngobranchial very conspicuous (177, 0> 1); posterior margin of first epibranchial straight (181, 0> 1); margin of lateral uncinate process of third epibranchial notched (185, 0> 1); first pharyngobranchial large and depressed (190, 0> 1). The following additional morphological character states are shared by species of Plicofollis View in CoL except Plicofollis platystomus View in CoL , but are of ambiguous optimization. Tooth plates associated with vomer present (55, 0> 1); contact face for articulation of transcapular process with basioccipital small and columnar (85, 1> 0); exoccipital posterior process not supporting Müllerian ramus (94, 1> 0); dorsal crest of hyomandibula long and low (141, 1> 0); posterior end of urohyal truncated (158, 0> 2); 15 or more ribs (213, 0> 1); adipose-fin base very short (222, 2> 3); adipose-fin origin vertically above posterior one-half of anal fin (223, 1> 2).

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Order

Siluriformes

Family

Ariidae

Loc

Plicofollis Kailola, 2004

Marceniuk, Alexandre Pires, Oliveira, Claudio & Ferraris Jr, Carl J. 2024
2024
Loc

Plicofollis

Kailola 2004
2004
Loc

Plicofollis

Kailola 2004
2004
Loc

Plicofollis

Kailola 2004
2004
Loc

Plicofollis

Kailola 2004
2004
Loc

Plicofollis magatensis

Herre 1926
1926
Loc

Plicofollis platystomus

Day 1877
1877
Loc

Plicofollis platystomus

Day 1877
1877
Loc

Plicofollis platystomus

Day 1877
1877
Loc

Ariinae

Bleeker 1858
1858
Loc

Plicofollis polystaphylodon

Bleeker 1846
1846
Loc

Plicofollis nella

Valenciennes 1840
1840
Loc

Plicofollis argyropleuron

Valenciennes 1840
1840
Loc

Plicofollis nella

Valenciennes 1840
1840
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