Sonanus tselikhae, Belokobylskij & Ku, 2023

Belokobylskij, Sergey A. & Ku, Deokseo, 2023, New species of the genus Sonanus Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (Hymenoptera Braconidae: Doryctinae) from Korean Peninsula, Zootaxa 5297 (1), pp. 124-132 : 125-131

Sonanus tselikhae sp. nov.

( Figs 3 , 4 )

Type material. Holotype: female, “ Korea ( GN), Geochang-gun , Science Museum Natural Enemy , VI.2– VI.15.2022 (Malaise Trap), Ku Deokseo, Lee Jaehyeon ” ( NIBR).

Paratypes: 1 female, “ South Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do ( GN), Changwon-si, Masanhappo-gu, Jinjeonmyeon, Jeokseoksan , VI . 11. 2017, An Taeho ”( SMNE); 1 male, “S. Korea: Gyeongsangnam-do, Goseong-gun, Hail-myeon , Suyang-ri , 34°58’34.8”N, 128°12’08.3”E, 18. VI .2022, Tselikh col.” ( ZISP); 1 female, “ South Korea, Gyeongsangnam-do ( GN), Geochang-gun , 35˚44ʹ54ʹʹ N 127˚56ʹ26ʹʹ E, 30. VI .2022, Tselikh col.” ( ZISP).

Description. Female. Body length 3.3–3.8 mm; fore wing length 2.7–2.8 mm.

Head width 1.3–1.4 × its median length. Head behind eyes (dorsal view) evenly roundly narrowed. Transverse diameter of eye (dorsal view) 1.4–1.5 × longer than temple. Ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle with base 1.3 × its sides. POL 1.8–2.3 × Od, approximately equal to OOL. Low and short longitudinal carina present between antennal sockets. Eyes glabrous, 1.1 × as high as broad. Malar space height 0.3–0.4 × height of eye, 0.8–0.9 × basal width of mandible. Face width 0.9 × height of eye and 1.2 × height of face and clypeus combined. Clypeus with narrow lower visor. Clypeal suture complete and distinct, but shallow upper. Hypoclypeal depression subround, its width 0.5–0.7 × distance from edge of depression to eye, 0.3–0.4 × width of face. Hypostomal flange very narrow. Head below eyes (front view) distinctly and roundly narrowed.

Antenna slender, weakly setiform, with 31–32 antennomeres, 1.2–1.3 × longer than body. Scape short and wide, 1.3–1.5 × longer than its maximum width. First flagellomere weakly compressed, distinctly curved, ventrally smooth and weakly concave, dorsally coarsely rugose-striate in basal 0.7–0.8 and granulate-rugulose in apical 0.3–0.2; 3.8–4.0 × longer than its maximum width, weakly longer than second flagellomere. Second flagellomere subcylindrical, 4.6–5.3 × longer than its apical width. Penultimate flagellomere ~3.5 × longer than wide, ~ 0.5 × as long as first flagellomere, 0.9 × as long as apical flagellomere; the latter acuminate apically.

Mesosoma. Length 2.0–2.3 × its height. Neck of prothorax short, dorsally convex; its pronotal carina rather distinct, widely connected with posterior margin of pronotum. Median oblique depression of pronotal side distinctly delineated ventrally by strong carina, but fine carina dorsally, finely crenulate at most part. Notauli complete, fused medially, deep in anterior half and shallow in posterior half, wide, rugulose-crenulate. Prescutellar depression relatively long, rather deep, with five carinae, finely rugulose between carinae, 0.3 × as long as scutellum. Scutellum weakly convex. Metanotum without median tooth. Subalar depression relatively deep and wide, rugose-striate. Precoxal sulcus entirely deep, straight, smooth or sometimes very narrowly crenulate, running along ~0.8 of lower part of mesopleuron. Metapleural lobe short and relatively narrow. Propodeum weakly and obliquely-roundly slanted from base to apex (lateral view), without lateral tubercles.

Wings. Fore wing 3.0–3.3 × longer than its maximum width. Pterostigma rather wide, 4.1–4.8 × longer than wide, 0.75–0.90 × as long as metacarp (1-R1). Radial vein (r) arising weakly before middle of pterostigma. Second radial abscissa (3-SR) 2.3–2.4 × longer than first abscissa (r), 0.4 × as long as the straight third abscissa (SR1), 1.2 × longer than first radiomedial vein (2-SR). First abscissa of medial vein (1-SR+M) distinctly sinuate. Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell rather short, 2.5–2.8 × longer than its maximum width, 1.1 × longer than rather narrow brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Second abscissa of basal vein (1-M) 3.7–4.5 × longer than its first (anterior) abscissa (1-SR), 1.8–2.1 × longer than recurrent vein (m-cu). Recurrent vein (m-cu) postfurcal. Distance (1-CU1) from nervulus (cu-a) to basal vein (1-M) 0.8–1.0 × nervulus (cu-a) length. Parallel vein (CU1a) arising from anterior 0.3 of distal margin (3-CU1) of brachial (first subdiscal) cell. Hind wing 4.8–5.4 × longer than wide. First abscissa of mediocubital vein (M+CU) 0.4 × as long as second abscissa (1-M). Recurrent vein (m-cu) strongly antefurcal, straight, oblique.

Legs. Fore tibia with four–five sparse spines arranged almost in single row on its inner surface. Hind femur 3.5–4.0 × longer than wide. Hind tibia dorsally with three–four thick and short spines. Hind tarsus almost as long as hind tibia. Hind basitarsus thickened, 0.6 × as long as second–fifth tarsomeres combined. Second tarsomere 0.5 × as long as basitarsus, 1.3–1.4 × as long as fifth tarsomere (without pretarsus).

Metasoma 1.1–1.4 × longer than head and mesosoma combined. First tergite distinctly and rather uniformly widened from base to subapex, almost parallel-sided apically, with large dorsope, with small spiracular tubercles, with shallow to very shallow and strongly oblique postero-lateral furrows. Length of first tergite 1.8–2.0 × its apical width; apical width ~1.8 × its minimum width. Second tergite with distinct and almost complete lateral sublinear and divergent carinae, with shallow longitudinal furrows delineated U-shaped median area. Length of second tergite approximately equal to its basal width, 2.0 × length of third tergite. In lateral view, lateral part of second tergite (separated dorsally by lateral carina and ventrally by crease) relatively narrow, mainly subparallel but weakly widened in posterior half. Ovipositor sheath 1.4–1.7 × longer than metasoma, 2.3 × longer than mesosoma, ~0.9 × as long as body, about as long as fore wing.

Sculpture and pubescence. Vertex very densely and relatively finely granulate-reticulate, reticulation sometimes formed dense sinuate transverse ‘aciculae” in its posterior half. Frons densely transverse striate with reticulation at least partly. Face distinctly transversely curvedly striate almost entirely, sometimes with weak reticulation medially. Temple finely coriaceous, smooth or almost smooth on lower quarter or half. Mesoscutum densely reticulaterugulose with granulation partly, on its lateral lobes usually only granulate with fine aciculation partly, coarsely rugose-reticulate and with median carina on medioposterior 0.4. Scutellum densely and very finely reticulatecoriaceous. Mesopleuron widely curvedly striate and sometimes with rugosity in upper 1/2–1/3, smooth below. Metapleuron entirely coarsely rugose-areolate. Propodeum with areas distinctly delineated by carinae; basolateral area long and wide, smooth or finely reticulate in anterior half and rugulose-reticulate in posterior half, sometimes shortly striate along carinae; areola relatively irregular, 1.5–1.7 × longer than its maximum width; propodeum rugose-reticulate in posterior half, but finely rugulose to almost smooth in postero-lateral areas. Hind coxa mostly smooth, only sometimes striate dorsally at least partly. First tergite with distinct and convergent dorsal carina in basal 0.2–0.3, entirely coarsely striate and with dense reticulation between striae. Second tergites medially densely striate with reticulation, laterally densely rugose-areolate; third tergite in wide basolateral areas relatively finely, densely and small rugulose-areolate, smooth narrowly medially and widely posteriorly. Remainder tergites entirely smooth. Vertex with relatively sparse and short semi-erect yellowish setae in posterior half and laterally, glabrous widely anteriorly or medially. Mesoscutum entirely with short, very dense, and semi-erect whitish setae. Hind tibia dorsally with short dense semi-erect pale setae; their length 0.5–0.8 × maximum width of tibia.

Colour. Head brownish yellow to yellow. Mesosoma reddish brown or yellowish brown to dark reddish brown with black or almost black propodeum and posterior part of mesopleuron. Metasoma with black first tergite, with reddish brown medial part and brown or yellowish brown posterior 0.3–0.5. Antenna reddish brown to dark reddish brown, sometimes almost black, three basal segments light reddish brown to brownish yellow. Palpi yellow or whitish yellow. Legs brownish yellow or yellow, tibiae basally pale yellow. Ovipositor sheath dark brown to black, Fore wing subhyaline. Pterostigma brown or pale brown, paler in apical 0.2; parastigma yellow.

Male. Body length 2.0 mm; fore wing length 1.7 mm. Width of head 1.1 × its median length. Transverse diameter of eye (dorsal view) 1.1 × longer than temple. Ocelli arranged in obtuse triangle with base 1.4 × its sides; POL 3.0 × Od. Malar space 0.5 × height of eye, almost equal to basal width of mandible. Antenna filiform, with 22 antennomeres. First flagellomere 3.4 × longer than its maximum width. Penultimate flagellomere 4.0 × longer than wide, almost as long as apical flagellomere. Prescutellar depression of mesosoma with single medial carina, finely rugulose on remaining parts. Precoxal sulcus smooth. Pterostigma of fore wing almost as long as metacarp (1-R1). First abscissa of medial vein (1-SR+M) weakly sinuate. Second radiomedial (submarginal) cell ~ 3.0 × longer than its maximum width. Metasoma as long as head and mesosoma combined. First tergite weakly and weakly-curvedly widened from base to subapex; its length 1.7 × apical width. Length of second tergite 0.8 × its basal width, 1.5 × length of third tergite. Second tergite densely striate only medially on wide area; third tergite almost entirely smooth. Medial part of metasoma yellow. Otherwise, similar to female.

Etymology. This species is named in honour of the Russian hymenopterist, one of the collectors of this new species, Dr Ekaterina V. Tselikh (ZISP, St Petersburg, Russia).

Comparative diagnosis. This new species is similar to Sonanus senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 ( Belokobylskij and Konishi 2001) ( Figs 1 , 2 ), but differs from it by the median lobe of mesoscutum without longitudinal median depression (with such depression in S. senzuensis ), the recurrent vein (m-cu) of fore wing distinctly postfurcal to first radiomedial vein (2-SR) (interstitial in S. senzuensis ), the second tergite of metasoma 2.0 × longer than third tergite and without additional divergent furrows latero-posteriorly (1.3–1.4 × longer than third tergite and with additional divergent furrow latero-posteriorly in S. senzuensis ), second radial abscissa (3-SR) of fore wing 2.3–2.4 × longer than first abscissa (r) (1.2 × in S. senzuensis ), and the second radiomedial (submarginal) cell 1.1 × longer than brachial (first subdiscal) cell (0.7 × in S. senzuensis ).

Also this new species is similar to Chinese S. chinensis Belokobylskij & Chen, 2005 ( Belokobylskij and Chen 2005), but distinctly differs from it in having the first metasomal tergite 1.8–2.0 × longer than its apical width (only 1.45 × in S. chinensis ), the second tergite with lateral subparallel anteriorly and weakly curvedly posteriorly furrows delineated the U-shaped median area (with entirely and distinctly curved furrows delineated subround median area in S. chinensis ), the length of second tergite equal to its basal width and 2.0 × length of third tergite (0.75 × its basal width and 1.1 × length of third tergite in S. chinensis ), and the propodeum with areas distinctly delineated by carinae (without delineated areas and only with two subparallel median carinae posteriorly in S. chinensis ).

Distribution. Korean Peninsula.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Sonanus senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (female, holotype). (A) Habitus, dorsal view. (B) Head, front view. (C) Head, dorsal view. (D) Head, lateral view. (E) Basal antennomeres, inner view. (F) Basal antennomeres, outer view. (G) Basal antennomeres, dorsal view. (H) Apex of ovipositor sheath, lateral view. (I) Apex of ovipositor, lateral view. (J) Mesosoma, dorsal view. (K) Mesosoma, lateral view. (L) Hind leg. (M) Hind tibia, lateral view. (N) First metasomal tergite, dorsal view.

FIGURE 2. Sonanus senzuensis Belokobylskij & Konishi, 2001 (female, holotype). (A) Wings. (B) Metasoma, dorsal view. (C) Metasoma, lateral view.

FIGURE 3. Sonanus tselikhae sp. nov. (female, holotype). (A) Habitus, lateral view. (B) Head, front view. (C) Head, dorsal view. (D) Head, lateral view. (E) Apical antennomeres. (F) Basal antennomeres, inner view. (G) Basal antennomeres, outer view. (H) Mesosoma, dorsal view. (I) Mesosoma, lateral view. (J) Hind leg. (K) Apex of ovipositor, lateral view. (L) Hind tibia, lateral view.

FIGURE 4. Sonanus tselikhae sp. nov. (female, holotype). (A) Wings. (B) Propodeum, first and second tergites of metasoma, dorsal view. (C) Medial part of fore wing. (D) Metasoma, lateral view. (E) Metasoma, dorsal view.