Chelon auratus ( Risso, 1810 )

Çiçek, Erdoğan, Sungur, Sevil, Fricke, Ronald & Seçer, Burak, 2023, Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Türkiye; an annotated checklist, 2023, Turkish Journal of Zoology 47 (6), pp. 324-468 : 445-448

Chelon auratus ( Risso, 1810) [N] ― Golden grey mullet/ Altınbaș kefal

Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil auratus Risso, 1810: 344 [Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea; no types known]. ― Synonyms: Planiliza aurata ( Risso, 1810) ; Liza aurata ( Risso, 1810) . ― Revisions: Durand and Borsa (2015: 268). ― Illustration: Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. (1986: 1199, fig.).

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004)

as Liza aurata ; Geldiay and Balık (2007) as Liza aurata ; Fricke et al. (2007) as Liza aurata ; Kuru et al. (2014) as Liza aurata ; Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: All coastal waters of Anatolia in brackish waters. ― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 9- Antalya, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 17-Doğu Akdeniz, 18-Seyhan, 19-Asi, 20-Ceyhan, 21-Fırat-Dicle, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Western Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Sea of Azov; eastern Atlantic: Scotland south to Senegal, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands and Cape Verde Islands (introduced elsewhere). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia, 437-Orontes. ― Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shore, sometimes in lagoons and estuaries, and rarely in freshwater. Among the Mugilidae recorded from freshwaters, this is the least tolerant of the freshwaters. It spawns at sea. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action. Chelon carinatus (Valenciennes, 1836) => Planiliza carinata Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil labrosus Risso, 1827: 389 [Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea; no types known]. ― Synonyms: Mugil chelo Cuvier, 1829 . ― Revisions: Durand and Borsa (2015: 268). ― Illustration: Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. (1986: 1198, fig.).

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004); Geldiay and Balık (2007) as Mugil (Chelon) labrosus ; Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: All coastal waters of Anatolia in brackish waters. ― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 9- Antalya, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 17-Doğu Akdeniz, 18-Seyhan, 19-Asi, 20-Ceyhan, 21-Fırat-Dicle, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Baltic Sea; North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: Norway and Iceland south to Senegal, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde Islands. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia, 437-Orontes. ― Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shores, sometimes in lagoons and estuaries. It spawns at sea in coastal surface water. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action. Chelon ramada ( Risso, 1827) [N] ― Thinlip mullet/ Pulatarina balığı, ceran

Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil ramada Risso, 1827: 390 [Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea; no types known]. ― Synonyms: Liza ramado ( Risso, 1810) ; Chelon ramado ( Risso, 1827) ; Liza ramada ( Risso, 1827) . ― Revisions: Durand and Borsa (2015: 268). ― Illustration: Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. (1986: 1200, fig.) as Liza ramada .

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004) as Liza ramada ; Geldiay and Balık (2007) Mugil (Liza) ramada ; Fricke et al. (2007) as Liza ramado ; Kuru et al. (2014) as Liza ramada ; Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: All coastal waters of Anatolia in brackish waters. ― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 9- Antalya, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 17-Doğu Akdeniz, 18-Seyhan, 19-Asi, 20-Ceyhan, 21-Fırat-Dicle, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Western Baltic Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: southern Norway south to Senegal, including Azores, Madeira, Canary Islands, and Cape Verde Islands. Introduced in Red Sea.― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia, 437-Orontes. ― Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shore, entering lagoons and the lower reaches of rivers, and is often found in polluted waters. It spawns offshore at sea. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action. Chelon saliens ( Risso, 1810) [N] ― Leaping mullet/ Kefal, kokar balığı-Kastros

Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil saliens Risso, 1810: 345 [Nice, France, northwestern Mediterranean Sea; no types known]. ― Synonyms: Liza saliens ( Risso, 1810) . ― Revisions: Durand and Borsa (2015: 268). ― Illustration: Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. (1986: 1201, fig.) as Liza saliens .

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004) as Liza saliens ; Geldiay and Balık (2007) as Mugil (Protomegil) saliens ; Fricke et al. (2007) as Liza saliens ; Kuru et al. (2014) as Liza saliens ; Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Mediterranean watersheds. ― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 9- Antalya, 12- Sakarya, 13- Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 17-Doğu Akdeniz, 18-Seyhan, 19-Asi, 20-Ceyhan, 21-Fırat-Dicle, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; Sea of Azov; eastern Atlantic: Bay of Biscay ( Spain) south to Western Sahara, including Madeira; introduced in Caspian Sea area. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia, 437-Orontes. ― Habitat: This species is pelagic, near shore, and sometimes in lagoons and estuaries. It spawns at sea. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action. Liza abu => Planiliza abu

Liza ramada => Chelon ramada

Liza ramado => Chelon ramada

Liza saliens => Chelon saliens

Mugil abu => Planiliza abu

Mugil auratus => Chelon auratus

Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758 [N] ― Flathead mullet/ Haskefal-Topan kefal

Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758: 316 [European sea, Europe; syntypes: NRM 43 (1), 44 (2), 143 (1)]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: Thomson (1997: 483). ― Illustration: Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. (1986: 1202, fig.).

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004); Geldiay and Balık (2007); Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: All coastal waters of Anatolia in brackish waters. ― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 9- Antalya, 10- Burdur, 11-Akarçay, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 17-Doğu Akdeniz, 18-Seyhan, 19-Asi, 20-Ceyhan, 21-Fırat-Dicle, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Nearly circumglobal in temperate and tropical seas and estuaries (including Gulf of Mexico, Mediterranean Sea, Sea of Marmara, Black Sea, Red Sea, Persian Gulf, Sea of Japan); introduced elsewhere. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia, 437-Orontes. ― Habitat: This species is a euryhaline, pelagic nearshore species that sometimes forages in lagoons, estuaries, and lower courses of rivers and can tolerate freshwater. It inhabits inshore marine waters, estuaries, lagoons, and rivers, where it can tolerate wide ranges of temperature and salinity. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Stable. ― Low priority for conservation action.

Mugil labeo => Oedalechilus labeo

Mugil labrosus => Chelon labrosus

Mugil ramada => Chelon ramada

Mugil saliens => Chelon saliens

Oedalechilus labeo ( Cuvier, 1829) [N] ― Boxlip mullet/ Dudaklı kefal

Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil labeo Cuvier, 1829: 233 [Mediterranean Sea; lectotype: MNHN A-3606; lectotype selected by Blanc and Hureau (1971: 692)]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: Durand et al. (2012: 693). ― Illustration: Ben-Tuvia in Whitehead et al. (1986: 1203, fig.).

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004); Geldiay and Balık (2007) as Mugil (Oedalechilus) labeo ; Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: All coastal waters of Anatolia in brackish waters. ― Distribution in river basins: 1-Meriç-Ergene, 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 9- Antalya, 10- Burdur, 11-Akarçay, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 17-Doğu Akdeniz, 18-Seyhan, 19-Asi, 20-Ceyhan, 21-Fırat-Dicle, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; eastern Atlantic: Portugal, northern Morocco, and Madeira; introduced elsewhere. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 432-Southern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia, 437-Orontes. ― Habitat: This species is a benthopelagic, neritic species found inshore, at the mouths of rivers and sewage effluents, but not entering brackish or freshwater. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: There are no known major threats for this species. It may appear in bycatch. This is a commercial species. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Stable. ― Low priority for conservation action.

Planiliza abu (Heckel, 1843) [N] ― Abu mullet/Kefal Taxonomy. Original description: Mugil abu Heckel, 1843a: 1097 (107) [Tigris River, near Mosul, Iraq; syntypes: NMW 9224-30 (7), 67868 (2)]. ― Synonyms: Chelon abu (Heckel, 1843) ; Liza abu (Heckel, 1843) . ― Revisions: Thomson (1997: 513 as Liza abu ). ― Illustration: Randall (1995: 234, fig., as Chelon abu ).

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Kuru (2004) as Liza abu ; Geldiay and Balık (2007) as Mugil (Liza) abu ; Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014) as Liza abu ; Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Euphrates, Tigris, and Ceyhan river basins.― Distribution in river basins: 19-Asi, 20-Ceyhan, 21-Fırat-Dicle. ― General distribution: Northwestern Indian Ocean: Persian Gulf and adjacent Euphrates and Tigris River drainages ( Türkiye, Syria, Iraq, and Iran). ― Distribution in ecoregions: 432-Southern Anatolia, 437-Orontes, 441-Lower Tigris and Euphrates, 442-Upper Tigris and Euphrates. ― Habitat: This species is a freshwater mullet, found in streams, rivers, drains, channels, canals, lakes, reservoirs, and ponds, including fish farms. It is found in schools. It is found in surface waters and the submerged vegetation of lakes and marshes, preferring a gentle flow of water, and it enters deeper waters in December and January, especially in cold winters. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Locally consumed but of no commercial importance.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: CLI, EUT. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Stable. ― Low priority for conservation action.

Planiliza aurata => Chelon auratus

Planiliza haematocheila (Temminck & Schlegel, 1845) Planiliza carinata (Valenciennes, 1836) => not occurring in freshwater (see Çiçek et al., 2020) => not occurring in Türkiye (see Çiçek et al., 2020)

Blenniiformes

Blenniidae Rafinesque, 1810 (combtooth blennies) Salariinae Gill, 1859 (salariin blennies)

Blennius fluviatilis => Salaria fluviatilis

Blennius pavo => Salaria pavo

Lipophrys pavo => Salaria pavo

Salaria fluviatilis => Salariopsis fluviatilis