Sprattus sprattus ( Linnaeus, 1758 )

Çiçek, Erdoğan, Sungur, Sevil, Fricke, Ronald & Seçer, Burak, 2023, Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Türkiye; an annotated checklist, 2023, Turkish Journal of Zoology 47 (6), pp. 324-468 : 330-331

Sprattus sprattus ( Linnaeus, 1758) [N] ― European sprat/Çaça

Taxonomy. Original description: Clupea sprattus Linnaeus, 1758: 318 [European seas; syntypes: Probably LS 46 & 47; others lost]. ― Synonyms: None. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None .

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Fricke et al. (2007). ― Turkish material: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: All coasts of Türkiye. ― Distribution in river basins: 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 22- Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: North Sea; Mediterranean Sea; Sea of Marmara; Black Sea; eastern Atlantic: British Isles south to Morocco, including Madeira. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia. ― Habitat: This species is a pelagic, oceanodromous, and littoral species. This species forms schools. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats:

EUT, FIT, HAB. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action.

Ehiravidae Deraniyagala, 1929 (river sprats)

Clupeonella abrau (Maliatsky 1930) => not occurring in Türkiye (see Çiçek et al., 2020)

Clupeonella cultriventris (Nordman, 1840) [N] ― Black Sea sprat/Tülka balığı

Taxonomy. Original description: Clupea cultriventris Nordman, 1840: 42 [Pont-Euxin (Black Sea); syntypes: MNHN 0000-3681 (3)]. ― Synonyms: Clupeonella abrau (non-Maliatsky 1930) of authors. ― Revisions: None. ― Illustration: None.

Status in Türkiye. Listed in previous checklists from Türkiye by Bilecenoğlu et al. (2002, 2014); Kuru (2004); Geldiay and Balık (2007); Fricke et al. (2007); Kuru et al. (2014); Çiçek et al. (2015, 2020). ― Turkish materials: None.

Distribution and habitat. Distribution in Türkiye: Western part of Black Sea and Sea of Marmara watersheds. ― Distribution in river basins: 2-Marmara, 3-Susurluk, 4-Kuzey Ege, 5-Gediz, 6-Küçük Menderes, 7-Büyük Menderes, 8-Batı Akdeniz, 12- Sakarya, 13-Batı Karadeniz, 14-Yeşilırmak, 15-Kızılırmak, 22-Doğu Karadeniz, 23-Çoruh. ― General distribution: Eurasia: Caspian Sea basin. ― Distribution in ecoregions: 418-Dniester - Lower Danube, 423-Thrace, 429-Western Anatolia, 430-Northern Anatolia, 433-Western Transcaucasia. ― Habitat: This species is found in coastal waters, lagoons and lakes, estuaries, and the lower reaches of large rivers with salinities up to 13% o. Absent from pure seawater. Freshwater, brackish, marine.

Economic importance. Commercially important.

Conservation. Conservation status in Türkiye: Unknown. ― IUCN: LC (IUCN, 2023). ― Threats: No major threats known. ― Low sensitivity to human activities. ― Not considered a keystone species. ― Decline status: Unknown. ― Low priority for conservation action.