Centris (Xanthemisia) jakalteka, Vivallo & Vásquez-Lenis & Mérida-Rivas, 2023

Vivallo, Felipe, Vásquez-Lenis, Elder A. & Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., 2023, New species of Centris (Xanthemisia) Moure from the Mesoamerican Dominion and the Mexican Transition Zone (Hymenoptera: Apidae), Zootaxa 5351 (3), pp. 341-355 : 342-345

Centris (Xanthemisia) jakalteka sp. nov.

( Figures 1‒8 )

Diagnosis. Female: Integument dark brown to black ( Figs. 1‒4 ), light brown on distal margins of T1‒T5 and S1‒S5 ( Fig. 4 ). T4 with relatively uniform punctation, except at distal margin ( Fig. 4 ). Pubescence dark brown, except dorsal surface of mesosoma, axilla and anterior surface of tegula with intense yellow hairs ( Figs. 1, 2 ). Perpendicular surface of T1 with white hairs. Basitibial plates relatively rhomboidal with rounded lateroinferior margins ( Fig. 3 ). Male: Integument dark brown with clypeal disc light yellow, unpunctated ( Fig. 5 ). F3‒F10 and basal half of F11 light brown on anterior surface ( Fig. 6 ). Terga (except T7) with fine and dense punctation. Pubescence dark brown to black, except mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, axilla and anterior surface of tegula intense yellow ( Figs. 5, 6, 8 ). Dorsal surface of mesepisternum with light yellow pilosity ( Fig. 6 ). Central surface of T1 with black and white plumose hairs intermixed. Central lower margin of clypeus almost straight ( Fig. 5 ).

Description. Holotype female: Measurements: Approximately body length: 17.8; head width: 6.1; intertegular span: 5.5; forewing length: 13.5; UID: 3.0; LID: 2.9; mandible length: 2.3; mandible basal width: 1.2; labrum length: 1.0; labrum width: 1.5; F1 length: 1.2; F2 length: 0.3; F3 length: 0.3; scape length: 0.9; diameter of median ocellus: 0.4; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.7. Coloration: Integument dark brown to black ( Figs. 1, 2 ), light brown on distal margins of T1‒T5 ( Fig. 4 ) and S1‒S5, and reddish brown on femora. Wing membrane and veins dark brown ( Fig. 2 ). Integument and sculpture surface: Clypeus coriaceous, with coarse and dense punctation at lateral sides; disc shiny with an irregular perpendicular unpunctated area in the middle ( Fig. 1 ). Labrum with coarse, dense and uniform punctation ( Fig. 1 ). Area between lateral ocellus and compound eye with sparse punctures. T4 with relatively uniform punctation, except at distal margin ( Fig. 4 ). Distal margins of terga and sterna, except T6 and S6, unpunctated and smooth ( Fig. 4 ). Pubescence: Dark brown, except mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, axilla and anterior surface of tegula with intense yellow hairs ( Figs. 1, 2 ). Perpendicular surface of T1 with white hairs. Structures: Mandible with five teeth, the fifth on the inner surface of the mandible ( Fig. 1 ). Apices of first, second and fourth teeth acute, third tooth wider than the others and with broadly rounded apex ( Fig. 1 ). Trimmal angle almost straight. Acetabular carina reaching the base of third tooth ( Fig. 1 ). Central area of epistomal suture more arched than central lower margin of clypeus ( Fig. 1 ). Clypeal disc flat (lateral view) ( Fig. 2 ). Labrum relatively semicircular, wider than long ( Fig. 1 ). Vertex above the upper interocular tangent ( Fig. 1 ). Inner orbits of compound eyes slightly converging downward ( Fig. 1 ). Fore elaiospathe with primary anterior comb compact located from the strigilar cavity to the apex of fore basitarsus; secondary anterior comb formed by three giant, long, apically curved hairs. Basitibial plates relatively rhomboidal with rounded lateroinferior margins ( Fig. 3 ). Pygidial plate with preapical lateral constriction and broadly rounded apical margin.

Paratype male: Measurements: Approximately body length: 16.1; head width: 5.1; intertegular span: 5.3; forewing length: 12.5; UID: 1.8; LID: 2.4; mandible length: 1.8; mandible basal width: 1.0; labrum length: 0.8; labrum width: 1.5; F1 length: 1.2; F2 length: 0.2; F3 length: 0.3; scape length: 0.8; diameter of median ocellus: 0.4; distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye: 0.3. Coloration: Integument dark brown, reddish brown on femora; disc of clypeus light yellow. F3‒F10 and basal half of F11 light brown. Wing membrane and veins dark brown. Integument and sculpture surface: Clypeus coriaceous, with coarse and not very dense punctation at lateral sides; disc shiny and unpunctated ( Fig. 5 ). Labrum with fine, dense and uniform punctation ( Fig. 5 ). Terga, except T7, with fine and dense punctation, absent on distal margins. Pubescence: Dark brown to black, except mesoscutum, mesoscutellum, axilla and anterior surface of tegula with intense yellow hairs ( Figs. 5, 6, 8 ). Perpendicular surface of T1 with white pubescence; central surface with black and white plumose hairs intermixed. Middle and hind claws with a tuft of long and plumose hairs at the base. Structures: Mandible with three apically acute teeth ( Fig. 5 ). Trimmal angle acute. Acetabular carina reaching the base of third tooth ( Fig. 5 ). Central area of epistomal suture more arched than central lower margin of clypeus, this latter almost straight ( Fig. 5 ). Clypeal disc flat (lateral view) ( Fig. 6 ). Labrum semicircular, wider than long ( Fig. 5 ). Inner orbits of compound eyes converging dorsally ( Fig. 5 ). Shortest distance between lateral ocellus and compound eye almost equal to the diameter of median ocellus ( Fig. 5 ). Hind femur swollen, well-developed ( Fig. 6 ). Pygidial plate absent.

Type material. Holotype female: Gua, Huehue, Jacaltenango 1192 m 15.61 N; 91.74 W 23/2/2010 Jorge Mérida ECOAB .55962 [QR code]\ MUTUAL-2281 Guate, Huehue, San Antonio Huista, BsAs/Cantinil, 1192 m 15.61016 N; 91.74186 W 23/02/2010, 13:20, Transición Col. Jorge Mérida Planta: Colectada en nido\ Centris (Xanthemisia) lutea det Sagot 2012 (ECOAB). Paratypes: GUATEMALA: 1 male: Huehue Jacaltenango 1243 m 15.68 N; 91.73 W, 30/04/2010, Miguel Cigarroa ECOAB .55963 [QR code]\ MUTUAL-8720 Guatemala, Huehuetenango, Jacaltenango, Jacaltenango 1243m, N15.6806 W-91.7262 Transición, 30/abr/10, 9:40 Col. Miguel Cigarroa Planta: 6\ Centris lutea ♁ det . Ph. Sagot 2013 (ECOAB) . 1 male: Gua, Huehue, Jacaltenango , 1026m 15.64 N; 91.79 W, 29/04/2010, Leonel Aguilar ECOAB .55964 [QR code]\ MUTUAL-8290 Guatemala, Huehuetenango, San Antonio Huista, Cajuil 1026m N15.6374 W-917872 Transición, 29/abr/10, 11:50 Col. Leonel Aguilar Planta: 1\ Centris lutea ♁ det . Ph. Sagot 2013 (ECOAB) . MEXICO: 1 male: Mex, Chis Amatenango Fr . 856 m 15.44N; 92.12W, 1/11/2018, Philippe Sagot ( ECOAB 122215 )\ Centris lutea ♁ Det Sagot 2018 ( ECOAB) . 1 male: Mex, Chis Chiapa de Corzo 575 m 16.75N; 92.97W, 28/12/2011, Philippe Sagot ECOAB 55966 [QR code]\ ECO-TAP-77151 Mex., Chis, Chiapa de Corzo, Autopista Pt A. Corzo, 575 m 16.7480 N, 92.9747 W 28/12/2011, 11:30, Col. Philippe Sagot\ Centris lutea ♁ Det Sagot 2013 ( ECOAB) . 1 male: Mex, Chis La Concordia , 643 m 16.1 N; 92.59 W, 01/04/2016, Philippe Sagot ECOAB 58700 [QR code]\ CENLUT ♁ ( ECOAB) . 1 male: Mex, Chis, Tonalá , 408 m 16.14 N; 93.68 W, 09/03/2009, Miguel Guzmán ECOAB 66228 [QR code]\ ECO-TAP 56534 Mex, Chis, Tonala Ej. Nuevo Costa Rica 16° 09’10.3” N 093° 38’ 04.2” W 2009/III/09 C. Balboa, M. Guzmán, M. Cigarroa. CENLUT ♁ ( ECOAB) . 1 male: Mex, Oax , 1140 m, 16.51 N; 94.2 W, 10/04/2016, Luz María Reyes ECOAB 72995 [QR code]\ CENLUT Det Sagot 2018 ( ECOAB) . 1 male: Mex, Oax , 1140 m, 16.51 N; 94.2 W, 10/04/2016, Luz María Reyes ECOAB 72996 [QR code]\ CENLUT Det Sagot 2018 ( ECOAB) . NICARAGUA: 1 female: Nic. Riv. San Juan del S m 11.14 N; 85.78 W 28/1/2016 Marcos Calero ECOAB 83631 [QR code] ( ECOAB) . 1 female: Nic. Riv. San Juan del Sm 11.14 N; 85.78 W 28/1/2016 Marcos Calero ECOAB 83633 [QR code] ( ECOAB) . 1 female Nic. Riv. San Juan del S m 11.14 N; 85.78 W 17/2/2016 Marcos Calero ECOAB 83643 [QR code] ( ECOAB) . 1 female: Nic. Riv. San Juan del S m 11.12 N; 85.76 W 23/3/2017 Marcos Calero ECOAB 80332 [QR code] ( ECOAB) . 1 female: Nic. Riv. Cárdenas , m 11.2 N; 85.66 W, 29/02/2016, Marcos Calero ECOAB 83620 [QR code] ( ECOAB) . 1 female: Nic. Riv. Cárdenas , m alt., 11.2 N; 85.66 W, 14/03/2016, Marcos Calero ECOAB 83770 [QR code] ( ECOAB) .

Type locality. GUATEMALA: Huehuetenango Department: San Antonio Huista ( Buenos Aires ) (latitude: 15.610; longitude: 91.742; 1192 masl).

Etymology. The epithet refers to the Jakaltekan people who live alongside the border of the State of Chiapas in southern Mexico and in northwestern Guatemala. This new species is dedicated to them.

Floral records. Hyptis tomentosa Poit. (Lamiaceae) and Senna pallida (Vahl) H. S. Irwin & Barneby (Caesalpiniaceae) .

Distribution. GUATEMALA: Huehuetenango Department: Jacaltenango. MEXICO: Chiapas State: Amatenango de La Frontera, Chiapa de Corzo, La Concordia, Tonalá. Oaxaca State: Santo Domingo Zanatepec. NICARAGUA: Rivas Department: Cárdenas, San Juan del Sur ( Fig. 19 ).

Comment. The female of Centris jakalteka sp. nov. is similar to C. maya sp. nov., differing from it by the clypeal surface (disc shiny with an irregular perpendicular unpunctated area in the middle in C. jakalteka sp. nov. ( Fig. 1 ); strongly coriaceous, with coarse and dense punctation on disc, sparser near upper margin in C. maya sp. nov. ( Fig. 9 )), by the punctation on T4 (relatively uniform except at distal margin in C. jakalteka sp. nov. ( Fig. 4 ); fine and dense on anterior half, scattered towards distal margin in C. maya sp. nov. ( Fig. 12 )), by the shape of the central area of the epistomal suture in relation to the central lower margin of clypeus (more arched in C. jakalteka sp. nov. ( Fig. 1 ); almost equally arched in C. maya sp. nov. ( Fig. 9 )), and by the morphology of the primary and secondary basitibial plates (both plates relatively rhomboidal with rounded lateroinferior margins in C. jakalteka sp. nov. ( Fig. 3 ); primary plate elliptical and secondary relatively rhomboidal in C. maya sp. nov. ( Fig. 11 )). The male of this new species differs from the true C. lutea , among other characters, by the position of the second mandibular tooth (equally distant from the other teeth in C. jakalteka sp. nov. ( Fig. 7 ); closer to the third tooth in C. lutea ), and by the pubescence on the dorsal surface of the mesepisternum (light yellow in C. jakalteka sp. nov. ( Fig. 6 ); blackish in C. lutea ).

Figures

FIGURE 19. Distribution records for the species of Centris (Xanthemisia) inhabiting the Mexican Transition Zone (purple) and the Mesoamerican Dominion (pine green). The Nearctic Region and the Pacific Dominion are indicated in gray and pink, respectively.

FIGURES 1–4. Centris jakalteka sp. nov. (holotype female). Fig. 1. Head, frontal view (scale bar 2 mm). Fig. 2. Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm). Fig. 3. Basitibial plates (scale bar 0.5 mm). Fig. 4. Metasoma, dorsal view (scale bar 1 mm).

FIGURES 5–8. Centris jakalteka sp. nov. (paratype male). Fig. 5. Head, frontal view (scale bar 2 mm). Fig. 6. Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm). Fig. 7. Mandible, dorsal view (scale bar 0.5 mm). Fig. 8. Habitus, dorsal view (scale bar 5 mm).

FIGURES 9–12. Centris maya sp. nov. (holotype female). Fig. 9. Head, frontal view (scale bar 2 mm). Fig. 10. Habitus, lateral view (scale bar 5 mm). Fig. 11. Basitibial plates (scale bar 0.5 mm). Fig. 12. Metasoma, dorsal view (scale bar 1 mm).