Chironominae

Chamutiová, Tímea, Hamerlík, Ladislav & Bitušík, Peter, 2020, Subfossil chironomids (Diptera, Chironomidae) of lakes in the Tatra Mountains an illustrated guide, Zootaxa 4819 (2), pp. 216-264 : 247

Chironominae

Head capsules small to very large, usually yellow, brown patches may be present dorsally, submentum may be fully darkened or darker patch may be limited to the part above the occipital margin. Antennae always well developed, 5–8 segmented. They arise from rounded protuberances ( Chironomini , Pseudochironomini ) or on distinct pedestals, frequently with distal spur ( Tanytarsini ). Premandibles invariably present and well developed, with 1–7 teeth. Sometimes median teeth or entire mentum pale or poorly sclerotized. Mandible with several inner teeth and usually with dorsal tooth. Mentum with 9–16 dark teeth, median area (ventromentum) maybe visibly delineated from the lateral regions (dorsomentum). Beard absent. Ventromental plates variable in shape but usually well developed and striated.