Apogon quinquestriatus Regan, 1908

Fraser, Thomas H., 2005, description of a new species of cardinalfish from the Indo­West Pacific (Perciformes: Apogonidae), Zootaxa 924, pp. 1-30 : 17-21

Apogon quinquestriatus Regan, 1908

Synonyms. None

Type Material Examined: Syntypes BMNH 1901.12.31.8 9; 33.2 36.5 mm SL.

Diagnosis. A species of Apogon (Ostorhinchus) with four narrow dark stripes, the first from nape along base of first and second dorsal fin, the second from above eye to upper caudal peduncle, the third from eye along lateral­line scales fading prior to caudal peduncle; the fourth midlateral from front of snout to end of caudal fin.; 15 pectoral rays; well developed gill rakers 15, total gill rakers and rudiments 19; VII first­dorsal spines.

Description. See Figure 6 for general body shape and Table 1 for proportional percentages.

Dorsal fin VII­I,9 with third spine much thicker than second or fourth, last soft ray shorter than preceding ray; anal fin II,8 with last soft ray shorter than preceding ray; pectoral fin 15 15 in one syntype, the other damaged ( Table 2 ); pelvic fin I,5; principal caudal rays 9 + 8, caudal fin forked; scale counts missing for one syntype, pored lateral­line scales, 24 25, extending from posttemporal onto base of caudal fin; transverse scale rows above lateral line 2; transverse scale rows below lateral line 6; median predorsal scales 5; circumpeduncular scale rows 12 (5+2+5).

Villiform teeth in several rows on the premaxilla; several villiform rows becoming a single row on side dentary; 1 2 rows on the palatine; one row on vomer; none on ectopterygoid, entopterygoid or basihyal. Rudiments and gill rakers on first arch ( Table 3 ), 2 rudiments and 3 gill rakers on upper arch, 2 rudiment and 12 gill rakers on lower arch for both syntypes, total gill rakers and rudiments 19, well developed gill rakers 15.

No internal osteology known. Supramaxilla absent. Posttemporal smooth on posterior margin. Preopercle ridge smooth, edges serrate on posterior and ventral margins. Infraorbital edge smooth.

Scales ctenoid where present, most missing on head and on parts of the body for both syntypes.

Color in alcohol. Four dark narrow stripes above the dark midline stripe, two stripes reach the caudal peduncle, the second and fourth down from the dorsum. No other color patterns on body.

Life colors. Unknown.

Distribution. Known only from the syntypes collected in 55 66 meters from South Nilandu, Maldives ( Fig. 8 ).

Habitat: Known only from deeper water.

Remarks: This species has been collected once and may be restricted to the Maldives. Trawl collections examined the Indian coast line have not produced specimens. Not reported from Laccadives or Chagos Archipelago, but could be expected there.

Upper Rudiments Lower Rudiments Gill Rakers on Upper and Lower Arches

Species N 1 2 3 4 x 0 1 2 3 4 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24

fasciatus Indian 78 2 35 41† 2.5 4 22 47 4 1 † 1.7 1† 10 43 21 3 15.2

Pacific 127 4 67 52 * 4 2. 4 2 49 64 * 12 1.7 5 21 66 19 * 10 6 15.2

Total 205 6 102 93 4 2.5 6 71 111 12 1 1.7 1 5 31 109 40 13 6 15.2

pleuron 63 1 78 63 8 2.4 5 45 13 1.1 3 8 26 19 6 1 18.3

septemstriatus 10 8 2 2.2 1 2 4 3 1.6 1 7 2 15.1

quinquestriatus 2 2 2 2 2 2 15

bryx 36 17 19 1.5 28 8 0.2 5 12 15 4 22.5

kiensis 44 7 18 19 2.3 8 18 13 1 1.3 1 11 18 11 2 1 17.1 Upper Rakers Lower Rakers

Species N 2 3 4 5 6 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19

fasciatus Indian 78 1† 68 9 3.1 1† 10 49 18 12.1

Pacific 127 1 104 22 * 3.2 3 22 73 * 21 7 12

Total 205 2 172 31 3.1 4 32 122 39 7 12.1

pleuron 63 10 51 2 3.9 5 31 21 5 1 14.5

septemstriatus 7 9 1 3.1 1 8 1 12.0

quinquestriatus 2 2 3 2 12

bryx 36 5 28 3 4.9 17 18 1 17.6

kiensis 44 26 18 3.4 2 14 24 3 1 13.7 Total Rudiments and Rakers Rakers

Locality 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 N 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 N

Madagascar 4 4 3 11 18.9 3 8 11 15.7

Mozambique 4 4 19 .0 1 2 1 4 15 .3

Ethiopia 1 1 9 11 19.7 7 3 1 11 15.5

Kenya 1 2 3 19.7 1 1 1 3 15.3 Seychelles 1 1 1 1

Iran 3 8 2 13 19.9 2 9 2 13 15.0 India 1 4 15 † 13 2 34 19.4 1† 1 12 4 18 15.0

Myanmar 4 7 11 19.6 7 4 11 15.4

Thailand 7 3 4 14 18.8 1 11 2 14 15.2

Vietnam 1 1 1 1

Indonesia 7 7 6 1 21 19.0 1 5 12 1 2 21 14.9

Philippines 2 1 3 6 4 16 20.6 1 1 2 3 4 5 16 16.4 Taiwan 1 4 6 1 12 19.5 5 5 2 12 15.8

China 4 6 2 12 18.8 1 8 3 12 15.2

New Guinea 2 2 4 8 19 .3 1 6 1 8 15 .0

Australia 20 15 7 3 * 1 2 1 49 19.2 2 17 23 4 * 2 1 49 15.7 Grand Total 2 51 70 75 15 5 2 1 221 19.3 1 5 31 109 40 13 6 205 15.1

1 N differs for India because of counts which did not separate rudiments and rakers.

Total Rudiments Total Rakers Upper Upper Upper Arch and Rakers Rudiments Rakers

Port Clinton 4 1 1 6 4 1 1 6 4 1 1 6

Fraser I 1 1 1 1 1 1

Morton Bay 3 3 3 3 3 3

Yamba 1 1 5 1 6 2 3 4 1 7 1 2 5 1 5

Sydney 1 1 1 2 1 1 2 2 1 4 2 1 5 1 3 2 6 Lower Rudiments Lower Rakers Lower Arch

1 2 3 10 11 12 13 14 13 14 15 16 Total

Cape York 4 3 1 3 1 4

Flinders 1 2 1 2 2 1 3

Lizard I 1 4 4 1 7 1 6 3 9

Port Clinton 5 1 6 5 1 6

Fraser I 1 1 1 1

Morton Bay 3 3 3 3

Yamba 2 6 7 1 1 7 8

Sydney 2 1 3 3 2 1 1 1 2 2 6

Figures

FIGURE 6. The smaller syntype of Apogon quinquestriatus, BMNH 1901.12. 31.8 9, Maldives, 33.2 mm SL.

FIGURE 8. Distribution of collection sites for Apogon bryx, Apogon kiensis, Apogon quinquestriatus and Apogon septemstriatus.

Tables

TABLE 2. Pectoral fin­ray counts and averages for the Apogon fasciatus group.

	Right Pectoral­fin rays	Left Pectoral­fin rays
Species	14 15 16	13 14 15 16
fasciatus	15 56 15.8	9 57 15.9
pleuron	30 4 15.1	29 3 15.1
septemstriatus	7 14	1 6 13.9
quinquestriatus	1	1
bryx	18 15 14.5	17 15 14.5
kiensis	12 15 1 14.6	9 16 14.6

TABLE 3. Counts and averages of gill rakers and rudiments on the first gill arch for the Apogon fasciatus group. * Neotype of Mullus fasciatus. † Holotype of Apogon quadrifasciatus.

			Upper and Lower Arches		Upper Arch			Lower Arch
Species	N	17	18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26	4	5 6 7 8 x	12	13	14 15 16 17 18	19
fasciatus Indian	94		14 33† 43 4 19.4	1	33† 59 1 5.6		27	63† 4	13.7
Pacific	127	2	37 37 32 11 * 5 2 1 19.3	1	60 56 8 * 2 5.6	1	54	55 * 14 3	13.7
Total	221	2	51 70 75 15 7 2 1 19.4	2	93 115 9 2 5.6	1	81	118 14 3	13.7
pleuron	63		2 2 16 30 12 1 21.8		2 44 16 1 6.3			4 27 24 6 1	15.6
septemstriatus	10	1	1 4 3 1 19.2		7 3 5.3	1	2	4 3	13.9
quinquestriatus	2		2 19		2 5			2	14
bryx	36		6 17 11 2 24.3		19 17 6.5			10 24	2 18.8
kiensis	44		7 10 21 6 1 20.6		15 28 1 5.7			10 28 6	14.9