Apogon fasciatus ( White, 1790 )

Fraser, Thomas H., 2005, description of a new species of cardinalfish from the Indo­West Pacific (Perciformes: Apogonidae), Zootaxa 924, pp. 1-30 : 10-17

Apogon fasciatus ( White, 1790)

Synonyms. Apogon quadrifasciatus Cuvier in Cuvier & Valenciennes, 1828; Apogon monogramma Günther, 1880 ; Apogon evanidus Fowler, 1904 ; Apogon elizabethae ( Jordan & Seale, 1905).

Type Material Examined: Mullus fasciatus Neotype, USNM 59972; 80.9 mm SL; Australia, Port Jackson; x­ray. Amia elizabethae Holotype, SU 9064; 65.3 mm SL; China, Hong Kong. Apogon evanidus Holotype, ANSP 27540; 63.9 mm SL; Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang; x­ray. Paratype, ANSP 27541; 50.0 mm SL; Indonesia, Sumatra, Padang; x­ray. Apogon monogramma Syntypes, BMNH 1879.5.14.177; 3, 48.9 68.6 mm SL; Arafura Sea; Challenger Expedition Sta 188 190. Apogon quadrifasciatus Holotype, MNHN 865; 75.2 mm SL; India, Pondichery.

Other Material Examined: Indian Ocean: Eritrea: USNM 213294; (1, 67); Menelik, Ajuz I. 15 °18'N 40°17E; LK 71­1; 19 Sep 1971; 29 3`m. USNM 213295; (18, 38 72); Menelik, Massawa Bay, 15°40'N 39°36'E; LK 71­8; 20 Sep 1971; 79 m. USNM 213296; (11, 51 70); Menelik, Massawa Bay, 15°40 N 39°36 E; LK 71­9; 20 Sep 1971; 79 m. USNM 213297; (5, 53 66); Menelik, Massawa Bay, 15°40'N 40°23'E; LK 71­10; 20 Sep 1971; 79 m. USNM 213298; (12, 41 63); Massawa Bay, 15°40'N 40°23'E; LK 71­11; 21 Sep 1971; 79 m. Kenya: SAIAB 3089; (3, 38 73); Kenya, Malindi I.; 20 Oct 1952. Zanzibar: USNM 213303; (1, 68); 17 Jun 1965; 2 7 m. USNM 213304; (1, 53); 4 Mar 1965

17 Jun 1965. Mozambique: SAIAB 3091; (3, 47 55); Mozambique, Nacala; 25 Oct 1950. SAIAB 3090; (1, 51); Delagoa Bay. Seychelles: SAIAB 3092; (1, 54); Mahe I.; Oct 1954. Madagascar: USNM 213311; (8, 66 79); Anton Bruun Cr. 8; Sta 408 B; 16°40'S 43°41'E; 15 Oct 1964; 60 m. USNM 357460; (4, 71­75); 16°44'S 43°44'E; Anton Bruun Sta. 407J; 15 Oct 1964; 58 m. USNM 357455; (27, 63 81); 16°11'S 43°53'E, Anton Bruun Cr. 8, Sta. 409F; 18 Oct 1964; 62 m. USNM 357453; (11, 68 70); 16°03' S 44°09'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 8, Sta. 409I; 19 Oct 1964; 25 m. USNM 357458; (5, 70 80); 15°52'S 44°23'E; Anton Bruun Sta. 409K; 19 Oct 1964; 30 m. USNM 357460; (4, 71 75); 16°44'S 43°44'E; Anton Bruun Sta. 407J; 15 Oct 1964; 58 m. USNM 357455; (27, 63 81); 16°11'S 43°53'E, Anton Bruun Cr. 8, Sta. 409F; 18 Oct 1964; 62 m. USNM 357453; (11, 68 70); 16°03' S 44°09'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 8, Sta. 409I; 19 Oct 1964; 25 m. USNM 357458; (5, 70 80); 15°52'S 44°23'E; Anton Bruun Sta. 409K; 19 Oct 1964; 30 m. SMF 26676;1 spec; Madagascar, Nosy Bé; 13°15“S; 48°15“E. USNM uncat; (1, 40);, Nosy Bé; 18 Feb 1964. Oman: USNM 213308; (8, 56 73); Gulf of Oman, 26°46'N 56°47'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4b Sta 257A; 1 Dec 1963; 46 48 m. USNM 213309; (27, 48 73); 25°52'N 56°53'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4b Sta 261A; 1 Dec 1963; 99 m. Iran: SMF 26066; (8, 53 72); Persian Gulf, 28°49.61'N 49°48.506'E; 51 m. SMF 26071; (5, 46 69); Persian Gulf, 29°01.293'N 50°05.136'E; 45 m. USNM 357472; (1, 53); 26°15'N 55°46'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4b, Sta. 260A; 1 Dec 1963; 91 m. USNM 357478; (11, 50 63); 28°58'N 56°43'E; Anton Bruun Cr 4B; Sta 258A; 1 Dec 1963; 32 m. USNM 357478; (11, 50 63); Anton Bruun Cr. 4B; Sta 258A; 1 Dec 1963; 28°58'N 56°43'E; 33 m. USNM 357471; (2, 63 66); 26°10'N 57°05'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4b, Sta. 256A; 30 Nov 1963; 55 64 m. ZMUC CN4; (1, 44); between Būshire and Khārk; H. Blegvad Sta 66; 25 Jan 1938. ZMUC CN5; (1, 54); Oman Gulf; H. Blegvad Sta 100; 30 Mar 1938. ZMUC CN6 7; (2, 67 67) Hormuz Strait; H. Blegvad Sta 110; 2 Apr 1938. ZMUC CN 8; near Duwwan; H. Blegvad Sta 121; 8 Apr 1938; ZMUC CN 9 10; (2, 72 74); Hendorābī I.; H. Blegvad Sta 123; 9 Apr 1938. India: BPBM 20495; (16, 55 80); Madras. USNM 357473; (3, 75 78); 23°00'N 68°10'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4b, Sta. 224A; 19 Nov 1963; 24 m. USNM 357475; (2, 68 74); 22°58'N 67°32'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4b, Sta. 226A; 19 Nov 1963; 28 m. USNM 357461; (2, 72 76); 23°16'N 67°50'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 43. Sta. 225A; 19 Nov 1963; 24 25 m. USNM 357469; (1, 73); 22°21'N 68°42'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 48, Sta. 217A; 18 Nov 1963; 26 33 m. USNM 357470; (2, 63 74); 20°23'N 70°00'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4b, Sta. 206A; 15 Nov 1963; 66 m. CAS 29596; (8, 56­78); Maharashtra State, Bombay; 4 Nov 1973. USNM 213302; (8, 32 63); Off Bombay, 18°48'N 72°37'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 6; 12 May 1964; 19 25 m. USNM 213307; (30,48­76); 20°30 N 70°54 E; Anton Bruun Cr. 4B Sta 204A; 15 Nov 1963; 33 m.

USNM 304742;(20, 25 55); 3.2 km off Cochin; 2 Feb 1980; 14 38 m. FMNH 75676; (6, 50 56); W of Cochin Harbor entrance; 7 Apr 1964. USNM 213299; (3, 69 70); Madras State, Porto Novo, Vellar Estuary, 11°30' 30"N 79°50 E; FHB 66­19; 21 Sep 1966; 19 m. USNM 213301; (1, 67); Madras State, S. of Portonovo, 11°01'N 79°55'E; FHB 66­26; 23 Sep 1966. USNM 357463; (2, 70 75); Madras, 13°07'N 80°20'E; FHB 66 7; 13 Sep 1966. FMNH 75618; (4, 26 63); Mandapam; 13 Jan 1964. Myanmar: CAS 137208; (2, 29 44); Mergui Archipelago; 17 Jan 1937. USNM 357477; (13, 36 71); Anton Bruun Cr. 1; Sta 48; 5 Apr 1963; 19°41'N 93°8'E; 38 m. USNM 357476; (9, 40 61); Anton Bruun Cr. 1; Sta 47B; 5 Apr 1963; 20°27N 92°20 E; 20 m. USNM 35747; (13, 36 69); 19°41'N 93°08'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 48; 5 Apr 1963; 37 m. USNM 357462; (4, 60 68); 19°32'N 92°52'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 49; 6 Apr 1963; 53 m. USNM 357476; (9, 42

61); 19°50'N 92°55'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 47B; 5 Apr 1963. USNM 357452; (340, 26 64); 15°04'N 95°51'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1 Sta 4; 31 Mar 1963; 44 46 m. USNM 357457; (27, 46 68); 15°04'N 95°51' E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 41A; 31 Mar 1963; 29

33 m. USNM 357456; (19, 29 70); SW of Rangoon, 15°08'N 94°54'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 42; 1 Apr 1963; 29 m. USNM uncat; (1, 68); SW of Rangoon, 15°08'N 94°04'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 43; 1 Apr 1963. USNM uncat; (15, 38 63); 21°00'N 91°59'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 46; 5 Apr 1963. USNM 357465; (1, 74); 14°07'N 97°05'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 38; 30 Mar 1963; 62 m. USNM 213306; (178, 22 70); 14°52'N 96°39'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1 Sta 39A; 31 Mar 1963. USNM 357468; (5, 45 57); 14°52'N 96°39'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. 39a; 31 Mar 1963; 48 64 m. Thailand: Adaman Sea: USNM 357474; (3, 43 60); 9°13'N 97°51'E; Anton Bruun Cr. 1, Sta. Hydro 20; 23 Mar 1963;58

60 m. USNM 213314; (17, 48 67); 6°57'36"N 99°23'24"E; Sta 12 or 24; 10 15 Feb 1966; 28 m. Pacific Ocean. Indonesia: CAS 56659; (26, 20 69); Irian Jaya, North end of Gulf, 1°03'06"S 130°04'00"E; JEM 72­3; 16 Dec 1972. CAS 108362; (1, 65); Sumatra. CAS 36080; 154 spec.; Java, N of Jakarta, 5°58'S 106°48'E; 5 Dec 1975; 24 m. USNM 72655; (1, 72); Java, Batavia; 2 Apr 1909; 128 m. USNM 262162; (11, 17 44); off Pulau Adi Is., South Coast of Irian Jaya, 4°5'18"S 133°31'18"E; BBC 1742; 5 Jul 1979; 46 51 m. MCZ 36615; (1, 56); Java, Jakarta. MCZ 9733; (3, 46 56); Java, Jakarta; 1859. UF118485; (1, 74); Java; 20 Oct 1954. Vietnam: CAS 84764; (1, 60); off Ngoc My, 15°41'30"N 108°42'00"E; GVF 2076; 27 Feb 1960; 45 m. Thailand: Gulf of Thailand: CAS 84779; (9, 24 63); 11°13'50"N 99°41'30"E; GVF 2718; 11 Dec 1960; 39m. CAS 84773; (14, 18 50); 13°21'45"N 100°32'43"E; GVF 2726; 14 Dec 1960; 14 m. CAS 84774; (14, 31 65); 11°57'00"N 102°44'45"E; GVF 1485; 29 Oct 1957; 10 m. CAS 84772; (5, 16 38); 12°19'15"N 100°43'40"E; GVF 2724; 13 Dec 1960; 33m. CAS 84771; (43); 11°43'00"N 101°33'7"E; GVF 2715; 11 Dec 1960; 60 m. CAS 84763; (1, 41); 12°16'45"N 100°7'15"E; GVF 2725; 13 Dec 1960; 50 m. CAS 84766; (2, 29 30); 12°21'18"N 101°31'55"E; GVF 2722; 12 Dec 1960; 26 m. CAS 84778; (3, 15 20); 11°51'15"N 99°54'45"E; GVF 2721; 12 Dec 1960; 23 m. CAS 27542; (2, 41 42); Ko­Sichang, southeast of Ko­Prong; 9 Dec 1968. MCZ 47095; (2, 58 60); Cholburi Prov., Bang Saen; 7 May 1970. CAS 86001; (2, 35 37); 13°21'45"N 100°32'43"E; GVF 2726; 14 Dec 1960; 14 m. CAS 85957; (3, 39

48); Chantaburi River mouth; GVF 1592; 24 Dec 1957. CAS 213347; (17, 19 59); Gulf of Thailand, Ko­Sichang, 13°08'N 100°51'E; 5 Nov 1970; 18 24 m. Singapore: MCZ uncat out of MCZ 9728; (1, 53). FMNH 45793; (32, 43 76); Johore Shoals; 12 Jun 1953. Malaysia: USNM 213312; (8, 38 65); off SW coast of Penang Island, 5°12'N 100°11'E; 6 May 1969. FMNH 22106; (1, 59); Sabah, Sandakan; 9 Jul 1921. SU 27850; (2, 32 38); Sabah, Sandakan; 30 Jun 1929. South China Sea: USNM 213313; (1, 50); Macclesfield Bank, 16°05'30"N 114°40'E 16°05'30"N 114°43'E; Sta 19; 13Jun 1964; 77 80 m. Philipines: LUZON I.: CAS 52222; (3, 51 57); 8 Jan 1950. CAS 127401; (11, 40 70); Manila Bay; 22 Dec 1933. CAS 109712; (2, 52 55); Cavite; 1901. USNM 56287; (1, 52); Cavite; Lung. CAS 120273; (3, 42 66); Manila. FMNH 47118; (4, 56 60); Manila Bay; 22 Dec 1933. USNM 171481; (1, 49); Corregidor Lt; A4405; 8 Feb 1908. USNM 122345; (6, 48

59); off Corregidor Light, 14°24'15"N 120°41'30"E; A5361; 9 Feb 1909; 3 m. USNM 213316; (16, 58 81); Manila Fish Market; 13 May 1969. USNM 171461; (37, 22 67); Manila Harbor; Albatross; 31 Dec 1907 1 Jan 1908. USNM 171470; (65 73); Manila market; A19761 19762; 20 Apr 1909. USNM 171469; (6, 35 47); Albatross; 22 June 1908. CAS 138153; (1, 74); Manila Bay; 7 Jul 1940. CAS 133479; (1, 72); Batangas Province, Nasugbu; 11 Dec 1936. CAS 127402; (3, 48 56); Quezon Province, Alabat I.; 20 Aug 1931. VISAYAN SEA: USNM 268252; (1, 47); NW of Tanguinqui I., 11°39'22"N 123°38'16"E; 8 Jun 1978; 62 m. USNM 357464; (2, 83 87); E of Tanguingui I.; 11°28'39"N 123°50'05"E; SP­78, Sta. T­16; 6 7 Jun 1978; 75 m. USNM 357467; (1, 57); SE Tanguingui I., 11°28'42"N 123°45'45"E; SP­78, Sta. T­4; 5 Jun 1978; 69 m. USNM 332329; (12, 46 82); E of Sicogon I., 11°27'45"N 123°23'45"E; Sp­78, Sta T­3; 4 Jun 1978; 47 m. USNM 357459; (6, 55 84); SW of Caduruan Point 11°37' 40"N 123°55'45"E; SP­78, Sta. T­8; 5 Jun 1978; 75 m. USNM 357466; (1, 56); E of S. Gigante I., 11°31'38"N 123°31'00"E; SP­78S, Sta. T­26; 8 Jun 1978; 38 m. CAS 138165; (2, 56 63); Sep 1940. USNM 171462; (9, 34 55); Limbones Cove; D5360; 8 Feb 1909. MINDANAO I: CAS 29375; (2, 19 30); Agusan Prov., Nasipit; 14 Apr 1973. CAS 29391; (1, 75); Agusan Prov., Nasipit; 14 Apr 1973. CAS 29415; (7, 24 73); Agusan Prov., Nasipit; 15­Apr­1973. USNM 171476; (1, 59); Little Vera Cruz; A6949; 28 May 1908. USNM 171479; (2, 36

49); Divata Pt.; A2245. 1 Aug 1909. USNM 171467; (2, 22 33); Nagubat I.; D5235; 9 May 1908. USNM 171460; (8, 40 71); Panabutan Point; D5131; 6 Feb 1908. CULION I.: CAS 127404; (2, 66 69); Palawan Province; Apr 1931. SAMAR SEA: USNM 357454; (17, 57 73);Carigara Bay, 11°30'00" N 124°40'12"E; Feb 1980; 50 70 m. JOLO GROUP: FMNH 5850; (2, 53 58); Jolo. MCZ 32220; (3, 50 53); Jolo; A3573 75. Taiwan: CAS 27749; (1, 60); North of Taiwan; 15 Oct 1972; 73 110 m. CAS 28189; (1, 61); SW of Kaohsiung in South China Sea; 13 Oct 1972. CAS 120993; (2, 65 70); Kaohsiung (Takao); 1907. CAS 121249; (1, 60); Kaohsiung (Takao); 1906. USNM 200236; (6, 61

79); Koahsiung market; 20 Apr 1962. ASIZP 60406; (1, 46); FuLung, between Iian, TaHsi and TaiPei. China: Hong Kong: ANSP 76663; 1 spec; Hong Kong; 1930. ANSP 76714; 1 spec; Hong Kong, Deep Water Bay; 22 May 1930. ANSP 76756; 1 spec.; Hong Kong; 1930. ANSP 77003; 1 spec; Hong Kong; 1930. ANSP 76706; 2 spec.; Tai Po; 7 Feb 1931. CAS 128005; (1, 53); Oct 1931. CAS 160957; (4, 31 40); Yuang Chau I.; GVF 1696; 6 Jan 1958. CAS 84760; (1, 38); Pearl River; GVF 1784; 14 Aug 1958; 20 m. CAS 84759; (1, 48); Pearl River; GVF 1784; 14 Aug 1958; 20 m. CAS 84757; (1, 58); Sharp I; GVF 1719; 27 Feb 1958; 0 4.5 m. CAS 84762; (2, 37 47); Sharp I.; GVF 1723; 10 Mar 1958; 0 15 m. CAS 84758; (4, 30 64); Tolo channel; GVF 1792; 28 Aug 1958; 16 25 m. CAS 84761; (9, 30 72); Taipo Market; GVF 1788; 20 Aug 1958. CAS 84765; (3, 41 69); off Port I.; GVF 1794; 29 Aug 1958; 18 m. CAS 160889; (1, 64); Lema Islands; (Li­ma Ch'un Tao); GVF 1689; 28 Dec 1957. CAS 160909; (2, 65 67); Lema Channel; GVF 1691; 29 Dec 1957. CAS 160988; (8, 50 69); GVF 1698; 7 Jan 1958. CAS 160997; (5, 31 68); GVF 1701; 7 Jan 1958. CAS 27666; (1, 87); Guangdong Prov., off Kwang tung, sw. of Hong Kong; 7 Oct 1972; 91 m. CAS 125672; (1, 37); Guangdong Province, Hainandao, (=Hainan Island); 25 Jun 1930. MCZ 9729; (1, 46). MCZ 9731; (2, 50 79); 1861. Australia: NEW SOUTH WALES: CAS 107798; (5, 33 77); Sydney. CAS 120754; (1, 78); Port Jackson. SU 20754; (1, 76); Port Jackson. USNM 148623; (2, 63 66); Off Newcastle; Mar 1909. AMS I.25894005; 5(75 90); N. of Yamba, 29°15'S 153°27'E; FRV Kapala, K 85­ 02­09; 23 Mar 1985; 37 m. AMS I.26331003; 3(46 65); Off Clarence River, 29° 20 24'S 153°26'E; FRV Kapala, K 85­15­08; 11 Oct 1985; 29 40 m. QUEENLAND: CAS 56183; 3 spec; Flinders Group. FMNH 63919; (4, 72 79); Deception Bay; 18 Apr 1950. MCZ 38598; (1, 86); Morton Bay; 24 Oct 1950. AMS I.34938001; 3(61 66); Morton Bay, 27°20'S 153°20'E; 3 Jun 1993; 7 m. AMS I. 1410; 1(90); Fraser I.; FIV Endeavour; 29 Jun 1910. AMS I. 10901; 1(90); Fraser I.; FIV Endeavour; 29 Jun 1910. AMS I.2082903; 9(38 77); Inside Decapolis Reef, 14°50'S 145°15'E; 25 Feb 1979; 8 m. AMS I.15557129; 3(52 65); Gulf of Carpentaria, 17°25'S 140°10'E; 27 Nov 1963; 10 m. AMS I.20771024; 4(37 52); Cape York, 11°37'S 142°56'E; 18 Feb 1979; 16 18 m. AMS.I 34363004; 5(46 74); Port Clinton, 22°29.22'S 150°47,43'E; 23 Oct 1993; 32 34 m. AMS.I 34938001; (3, 61 66); Moreton Bay, 27°20'S 153°20'E; 3 Jun 1993; 7 m. WESTERN AUSTRALIA: AMS I.20402037; 2(60 66); Western Australia, Camden Sound, 14°00' to 15°20'S 126°00 to 124°25'E; Apr 1978; 12 60 m. AMS I.24855014; 4(52 64); Western Australia, Dampier, 19°28'S 116°29'E; 26 Oct 1983; 110 m. Papua New Guinea: USNM 212199; (1, 64); Maragili, Yule I.; 8°48'S 146°30'E; Dec 0 2 1970; 11 m. USNM 262163; (2, 17 25); SE Cape Ward Hunt, 8°59'24"S 148°05'30"E; BBC 1695; 17 Jun 1979; 64 m. USNM 262164; (26, 17 38); off mouth of Sepik River, 3°48'00"S 144°30'30"E; BBC 1704; 20 Jun 1979; 15 m. USNM 262165; (36, 22 63); off Mouth of Sepik River, 3°46'18"S 144°30'00"E; BBC 1707; 20 Jun 1979; 18m. USNM 262714; (19, 34 76); off mouth of Fly River, 8°45'00"S 144°05'48"E; BBC 1681; 7 Jun 1979; 49 to 55 m. USNM 262207; (1, 37); Daru; 10 Oct 1975; 10 m. Japan: SMF 15508; (2,52­60); Shikoku­shima, kochi­ken, Okinoshima, Moshima, 34°44'01''N 132°30'05''E.; 28 Oct 1979.

Diagnosis. A species of Apogon (Ostorhinchus) with two brownish stripes on head and body in life, mid­lateral stripe extending to tip of caudal fin, dorsal stripe from snout over eye ending about middle of second dorsal fin but not past second dorsal­fin base, a variably present third shorter, faint stripe extending from dorsal part of eye to about origin of second dorsal fin; roof of mouth and upper gill arches pale; 15, usually 16 pectoral­fin rays; well developed gill rakers 15 16, total gill rakers and rudiments 18 21 (rarely 17, 22 24); VII first­dorsal spines.

Description. See Figure 4 for general body shape and Table 1 for proportional percentages.

Dorsal fin VII­I,9 with third spine much thicker than second or fourth, last soft ray shorter than preceding ray; anal fin II,8 with last soft ray shorter than preceding ray; pectoral fin 16 16, or 15­15 less frequently ( Table 2 ); pelvic fin I,5; principal caudal rays 9 + 8, caudal fin forked; pored lateral­line scales, 24 25, extend from posttemporal onto base of caudal fin; transverse scale rows above lateral line 2; transverse scale rows below lateral line 6 7; median predorsal scales 5; circumpeduncular scale rows 12 (5+2+5).

Villiform teeth in several rows on the premaxilla; several villiform rows on dentary; 1 2 rows on the palatine; 1 2 rows on vomer; none on ectopterygoid, entopterygoid or basihyal. Rudiments and gill rakers on first arch ( Table 3 ), 2 3, rarely 1 or 4, rudiments and 3 4, rarely 2, gill rakers on upper arch, 1 3, rarely 0 or 4 rudiments and 11 13, rarely 10 or 14, gill rakers on lower arch, total gill rakers and rudiments 18 22, rarely 17 or 23 24, well developed gill rakers 14 17 rarely 12 13 or 18; second arch with 2 rudiment­like rakers on upper arch and 12 13 short rakers grading to rudiments.

Vertebrae 10 + 14; 5 free hypurals, 1 pair of slender uroneurals, 3 epurals, a free parhypural; 3 supraneurals, 2 supernumerary spines on first dorsal pterygiophore; basisphenoid present; supramaxilla absent; posttemporal with 3 4 serrations on posterior margin; preopercle ridge smooth, edges serrate on posterior and ventral margins; infraorbital edge smooth or with weak serrations on third infraorbital.

Ctenoid scales on opercle, subopercle, cheek, breast, nape, body and pelvic areas; ctenoid pored lateral­line scales from posttemporal to base of hypural; central pore canal on lateral­line scale with 2 3 pores on dorsal side, simple below with 1 pore, rarely with multiple pores.

Ten pores around mouth 3 bilateral pores above premaxilla, 1 below anterior nasal area along ventral edge of crease, 2 on ventral edge of lachrymal separated by a septum; 2 bilateral pores on dentary near symphysis, 1 mid­anterior, 1 ventral.

Color in alcohol. Dark dorsal stripe from snout over eye ending about middle of second dorsal fin but not past second dorsal­fin base, midline stripe from snout through eye extending to edge of caudal fin, variable post­ocular stripe length, either not reaching past head or reaching to level of soft dorsal fin along lateral­line scales; lower lip with some melanophores; melanophores on 1 3 pelvic rays, appearing as a stripe; anal fin with distal tips in melanophores, stripe near base of fin extending onto last anal ray tips; stripe in second dorsal near base to last ray; fin­base of anal rays, and base of second dorsal fin darker posteriorly; roof of mouth and portion of upper branchial basket pale; peritoneum silvery with tiny melanophores, stomach and intestine blackish.

Life colors. Figure 4 shows the color pattern photographed shortly after collection. Kuiter and Kozawa (1999, p.12) provide underwater photographs of this species.

Distribution. See Figure 5 . This species has a coastal shelf distribution thoughout the Indo­West Pacific except for the Seychelle Islands and Macclesfield Bank. Fricke (1999) lists this species, as Apogon quadrifasciatus , from Réunion based on old literature. This species probably does not occur in the waters around Réunion. G. Allen provided photographs of specimens from the Solomon Islands which appear to be this species.

Habitat: Found over open bottom at depths of 2 128 meters.

Remarks. Data presented here suggests that gill raker counts are relatively stable throughout the range of this species ( Table 4). Slightly higher counts are noted for the Philippines and southeastern Australia. Gill arch elements variation along the east coast of Australia show some clinal changes with latitude from the higher counts to lower counts, south to north ( Table 5 ). The holotype of Apogon quadrifasciatus and the neotype of Apogon fasciatus are identified in the geographic distribution analysis of counts from the first gill arch ( Table 3 ). Rudiments on the lower arch which otherwise are gill rakers on most material lead to outlier counts for Cuvier’s specimen. None of the material examined suggests a different species is present in India or other regions of the Indian Ocean. The color pattern differences relating to the shorter stripe posterior to the eye was variable on the body in the preserved material examined. Smith (1961, Pl. 48G) shows the short postocular stripe along the pored lateral­line scales. These results agree with Randall and Hoese’s opinion in 1988 that Apogon quadrifasciatus is a synonym of Apogon fasciatus . This species has been taken with Apogon pleuron and A. bryx . Buccal males were found in USNM 304742, 46 47 mm SL and USNM 357453, two with eggs in mouth 75 78 mm SL, five buccal without eggs. The largest specimen, 90 mm SL.

Figures

FIGURE 4. Apogon fasciatus, uncataloged, Philippines, Busuanga I., BUS 03 ­ 14, 50.4 mm SL. Intestine slightly prolapsed. Photograph modified from original taken by J. Williams, USNM.

FIGURE 5. Distribution of the collection locations for Apogon fasciatus.