Anchylorhynchus luteobrunneus, De Medeiros, Bruno A. S. & Núñez-Avellaneda, Luis A., 2013

De Medeiros, Bruno A. S. & Núñez-Avellaneda, Luis A., 2013, Three new species of Anchylorhynchus Schoenherr, 1836 from Colombia (Coleoptera: Curculionidae; Curculioninae; Acalyptini), Zootaxa 3636 (2), pp. 394-400 : 399-400

Anchylorhynchus luteobrunneus sp. n.

Figs. 1 D, 1E, 1F, 2C, 3C

Holotype: Male, Colombia, Casanare, Yopal, Corregimiento Morichal, 30/IX/2010, L. Núñez & J. Carreño col. In flowers of Syagrus sancona . Deposited in ICN.

Paratypes: Colombia, Casanare, Sabanalarga, Vereda Piñal, 15/VII/2008. L. A. Núñez col. (13 MZSP); 19/X/ 2009 (23 6Ƥ MZSP); 10/VII/2010 (43 8Ƥ MZSP). Colombia, Casanare, Yopal, Corregimiento Morichal, 11/VI/ 2008, L. A. Núñez col. (113 5Ƥ MZSP); 17/VII/2010 (53 1Ƥ MZSP), 30/IX/2010, L. Núñez & J. Carreño col. (53 5Ƥ ICN), 15/X/2010, L. Núñez & J. Carreño col. (103 10Ƥ ICN).

Description. Length of pronotum + elytra: 3.9–4.7 mm (3) or 4.3–4.8 mm (Ƥ).

Rostrum 1.4–1.6 times as long as pronotum; 1.2–1.3 times wider at apex than at base; brown to black; with seven longitudinal carinae, the two outermost indistinct near base. Head with brown to black integument, similar to the rostrum. Antennae with straight scape, reaching the anterior margin of the eye; with second antennomere of funicle longer than first and two times as long as third; with club approximately as long as the last four funicular antennomeres and wider than the last antennomere of funicle. Pronotum 1.4–1.5 times wider than long, with lateral margins parallel at base to the median region, there with inflexion towards the apex (3) or parallel at base and evenly curved to the apex (Ƥ); with brown integument entirely covered yellow or dark brown scales; with scales of the median basal area directed toward base. Prolegs similar in length to meso- and metalegs; with protarsomere I longer than protarsomere III; with protarsomeres I and II longer than wide. Elytra 1.4–1.6 (3) or 1.5–1.6 (Ƥ) times as wide as pronotum and 3.5–3.6 (3) or 3.4–3.6 (Ƥ) times as long as pronotum; 1.4–1.6 times longer than wide; evenly covered by scales, either entirely yellow, or yellow on the disc and dark brown on apical and lateral margins, or entirely dark brown with occasional yellowish scales; with lateral margins parallel, elytra not wider in the middle. Aedeagus 2.0 times longer than wide; slightly wider at opening; with constricted and pointed apex. Apodemes approximately 2.5 times as long as aedeagus.

Etymology. Named after two colors found in dorsal scales: yellow and brown

Remarks. When dark brown scales are present, this species can be distinguished from other congeneric species by the unique color pattern. The combination of wide (1.4–1.6 times longer than wide) elytra with parallel margins, median basal pronotal scales directed backward, seven rostral carinae (with those along the scrobe indistinct near base) and pronotal margins parallel at base may further distinguish the yellow-colored morphs from any other species of Anchylorhynchus . The sympatric A. tricarinatus and A. bicarinatus have at most three longitudinal carinae in the rostrum.

Biological information. Between 10–55 individuals of A. luteobrunneus were seen to visit staminate and pistillate flowers of Syagrus sancona . They enter into the flowers, where they eat pollen and copulate. Females lay their eggs on the staminate and pistillate flowers just at the beginning of anthesis. First instar larvae are exophytic and consume petals of staminate flowers. The larvae then enter the pistillate flowers, where they consume the endosperm as this is formed. The entire life cycle can take between 3–5 months. This species is one of the main pollinators of the host palm Syagrus sancona .

Known host species. Syagrus sancona H. Karst. (Palmae) .

Type locality. Colombia, Casanare, Municipio Sabanalarga, Vereda El Piñal

Geographical distribution. Lowland rainforests, gallery forest and piedmont forests in Colombia (Casanare, Meta and Guaviare), in elevations ranging from 100 to 1000 m.

Figures

FIGURE 1. Dorsal and lateral view of the new species of Anchylorhynchus. Scale bar: 1 mm. A A. pinocchio (male). B A. pinocchio (female). C A. centrosquamatus. D – F A. luteobrunneus.