Thraulodes luizgonzagai, Lima, Lucas R. C., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinheiro, Ulisses, 2013

Lima, Lucas R. C., Mariano, Rodolfo & Pinheiro, Ulisses, 2013, New species for Thraulodes Ulmer, 1920 (Ephemeroptera: Leptophlebiidae: Atalophlebiinae) and the first key to adults from Brazil, Zootaxa 3709 (3), pp. 230-242 : 232-235

Thraulodes luizgonzagai sp. nov., Lima, Mariano & Pinheiro

( Figs. 2–3 ; 10–11; 18–22)

Diagnosis. The male adult of this species can be separated from all the other congeners by the combination of the following characters: (1) costal membrane basal to bulla without cross veins ( Fig. 2 ); (2) costal and subcostal zones of forewing translucent ( Fig. 2 ); (3) two dark brown bands on femora ( Fig. 22 ); (4) terga in dorsal view predominantly light brown, in lateral view translucent whitish, with three distinct spots on terga II–VI and one spot on terga VII–VIII ( Figs. 19–20 ; (5) subapical spines of penes long and narrow, apicolateral area not forming an “ear”, lateral pouch present, and without recurved folds ( Fig. 10–11 ).

Male imago. Length: body, 5.5 mm; forewing, 5.8 mm; hind wing, 1.1 mm; general coloration brown.

Head ( Figs. 18–19 ): dark brown; antenna yellowish brown with scape lighter; upper portion of eye yellowish brown, lower portion black; ocelli white with a black ring at base.

Thorax ( Figs. 19–21 ): general color of pro-, meso and metanotum chestnut, with sutures dark brown. Mesonotum with whitish cup-shaped spot on mesoscutelum, posterior region with scuto scutelar suture whitish. Pleura whitish washed with red. Pro- and mesosternum whitish; furcasternum dark brown.

Wings ( Figs. 2–3 ): forewing membrane hyaline, with dark spot near base; costal and subcostal zones translucent; veins ICu2 and CuP not joined basally. Costal membrane basal to bulla without cross veins and 8 cross veins distal to bulla. Hind wing hyaline, with dark spot near base and 4 cross veins.

Legs ( Fig. 22 ): femur with two dark brown bands; apical 1/3 of femur tinged with light brown and inner margin washed with black. Tibiae and tarsi light brown. Tarsi pale yellow.

Abdomen ( Figs. 18–20 ): terga predominantly light brown. In lateral view translucent brown, with two isolated spots and two stigmatic dots on terga III–VI, and one isolated spot and a blackish stripe on terga VII–IX. In dorsal view, terga segments I, VII–IX brown and II–VI translucent with posterior margin light brown. Terga segments I– III and VI–VII medially with blackish dorsal mark. Sterna I–VI translucent and VII–X brown.

Genitalia ( Figs. 10–11 ): forceps pale yellow, segment II washed with black. Posterior margin of subgenital plate almost straight, with a medial rounded projection. Penes pale yellow; 2/3 of penes divided apically, with a pair of long and narrow subapical spines, 2.0x the width of penes; apicolateral area not forming an “ear”; external margin forming lateral pouch and without recurved folds parallel to inner margin. Terminal filament whitish, basal area of segments black.

Variations: Some specimens show color patterns overall darker ( Fig. 18 ) or lighter ( Fig. 19 ), due to alcohol fixation period making them paler.

Female and nymph. Unknown.

Type material. Holotype: one male imago, Brazil, Bahia State, Juazeiro, Rio São Francisco, 9°25'04.3"S, 40°28'50.9"W, 362m, 05.x.2011, L.R.C. Lima coll. ( MZUESC). Paratype: same data as holotype, three male imagos (1 CZNC and 2 MZUESC); one male, Brazil, Pernambuco State, Petrolina, Base Fluvial Ilha do Fogo, Rio São Francisco, 9°24'22.9"S, 40°30'17.4"W, 362m, 09.x.2011, L.R.C. Lima coll. ( UFPE); two male imagos, Brazil, Pernambuco, Petrolina, Rio da Vitória, afluente do Rio São Francisco, 09°21'814''S, 40°35'409''W, 440 m, 22.x.2008 - luz UV e branca, Calor, Mariano & Mateus colls.

Etymology. The specific epithet is a tribute to Luiz Gonzaga, famous singer from the state of Pernambuco, who sang beautiful songs about the semi-arid region of Pernambuco, collection site of the new species.

Remarks. Thraulodes luizgonzagai sp. nov. appears to be more related to T. paysandensis Traver, 1964 . Both are small species (with body length up to 8 mm), with femora twice banded, and lobes of penes showing lateral pouch and long and narrow subapical spines. Nevertheless, the new species differs from T. paysandensis by the abdominal color pattern, the shape of medial projection of styliger plate (narrow and rounded in the new species, dome-shaped in T. paysandensis ), and by the absence of recurved folds on penes.

Figures

FIGURES 2 – 9. Wings of male imagos. 2, Thraulodes luizgonzagai sp. nov., forewing; 3, idem, hind wing; 4, T. sternimaculatus sp. nov., forewing; 5, idem, hind wing; 6, T. alapictus sp. nov., forewing; 7, idem, hind wing; 8, T. pinhoi sp, nov., forewing; 9, idem, hind wing.

FIGURES 18 – 22. Thraulodes luizgonzagai sp. nov.: 18, lateral view (freshly killed specimen); 19, lateral view (fixed specimen); 20, dorsal view (fixed specimen); 21, detail of prosternum; 22, detail of foreleg (scales: 1 mm).

FIGURES 10 – 17. Genitalia of male imagos. 10, Thraulodes luizgonzagai sp. nov., genitalia (ventral view); 11, idem, penes (ventral view); 12, T. sternimaculatus sp. nov., genitalia (ventral view); 13, idem, penes (ventral view); 14, T. alapictus sp. nov., genitalia (ventral view); 15, idem, penes (ventral view); 16, T. pinhoi sp, nov. genitalia (ventral view); 17, idem, penes (ventral view).