Liaoninosoma marusiki, Mikhaljova, 2022

Mikhaljova, Elena V., 2022, The millipede family Diplomaragnidae Attems, 1907 confirmed for mainland China, with descriptions of a new genus and new species (Diplopoda, Chordeumatida), Zootaxa 5219 (2), pp. 185-192 : 186-191

Liaoninosoma marusiki sp. nov.

Figs 1–27

Material examined. Holotype: 1 male ( FSCB), China, Liaoning Prov., Fengcheng City, Mt. Phoenix , ca 40˚23′ N, 124˚05′ E, 280–550 m, 16– 18.10.2017, leg. Yu.M. Marusik ; Paratypes: 7 males, 5 females ( FSCB) , 4 males, 4 females ( ZMUM), same data as for holotype .

Diagnosis. Same as for the genus.

Description. Male. Length 7.0–8.0 mm, width about 1.0 mm with paraterga.

Coloration in alcohol light beige. Antennae light beige. Legs beige-white. Eye patches black.

Body with 30 rings (including telson).

Head anterior part setose. Antennae long and slender ( Fig. 1 ). Antennae in one male paratypes deformed, short, antennomeres almost globular. Eye patches triangular, with about 23 ommatidia.

Collum semicircular. Both collum and ring 2 narrower than head with genae. Ring 2 somewhat wider than collum.

Body width gradually increasing until ring 7, body parallel-sided on rings 7–21(22), thereafter gradually tapering. Paraterga beginning on ring 3, well developed on rings 6(7)–23, poorly developed on rings 24–26, onward missing. Paraterga of the ring 7 larger and broader. Metazonital macrochaetae in a transverse row on rings 27–29, like an extended (to different degrees) triangle on preceding rings. Anterolateral (median after Spelda 2001) macrochaetae shortest, caudolateral (exterior after Spelda 2001) and medial (interior after Spelda 2001) ones subequal in length. All macrochaetae pointed, but not very sharply so. Axial suture poorly-developed.

Legs long and slender. Leg pairs 1 and 2 typically reduced in size, with usual tarsal brushes. Legs 3 and 4 not enlarged. Legs 5–7 enlarged, coxae with low subconical outgrowths, femora swollen and curved, tarsi very long, sabre-shaped ( Figs 3 and 4 ). Sternites 3–7 frontally with a longitudinal roller ( Figs 2–4 ).

Legs 3–7 with tarsal papillae occupying about 1/3rd of the tarsus length distally (near claw) on leg pairs 3 and 4 ( Fig. 2 ), while legs 5–7 with several (3–5) tarsal papillae near claw only ( Fig. 14 ). Postgonopodal legs (including legs 10 and 11) without tarsal papillae.

Claws of medium length. Claws of legs 1–4 at base with two small additional claws dorsally and a long setoid outgrowth ventrally. Claws of legs 5–7 at base with an outgrowth ventrally only ( Fig. 14 ). Claws of postgonopodal legs (including legs 10 and 11) at base with a long setoid outgrowth ventrally and two small additional claws dorsally. Two additional claws gradually disappear toward the end of the body. Claws of hindmost legs at base without additional claws dorsally.

Legs 10 and 11 with coxal glands ( Figs 7, 8 , 10, 11 ). Coxa 10 with a subconical process (c) setose apically ( Figs 5–8 ). Trochanter 10 with low knob (t) setose apically ( Fig. 6 ). Trochanter 11 with a caudoventral setose fingershaped process (d) rounded apically ( Figs 10–13 ). Sternum 11 frontally with a longitudinal roller ( Figs 10 and 11 ).

Anterior gonopod coxosternum in anterior view with a central, small, conical papillate outgrowth and several setae ( Fig. 25 ). Anterior gonopod telopodites (at) 1-segmented, relatively short (reaching middle of colpocoxite), flagelliform (ribbon-shaped in distal part), each positioned on posterior surface of posterior gonopod colpocoxite inside a shallow, partly open-edged sheath groove positioned on a broad, longitudinal structure (colpocoxite “pad’’ (cp) - a possible homologue of the lateral and mesal processes of the sheath groove) covered throughout with dense, forked and undivided spikes ( Figs 15, 16, 19 , 23 ) (the posterior angiocoxal process on the left is removed in Figs 15 and 16 ). Colpocoxite “pads” at base with the spear-shaped processes forming single structure (ms) (homologue of fused mesal processes of sheath groove).

Posterior gonopod colpocoxites fused medially in basal half; their distal parts rectangular curved laterad and slightly caudad, posterior surface covered with tilted spikes. Colpocoxite apex (ax) as thin hook ( Fig. 17 ). Subapically colpocoxite with a conical process (p). Each colpocoxite entire, undivided. Posterior angiocoxal process (pp) large, wide, curved c-shaped, with two basal blades: blade ba curved anteriad and blade b curved mesad, tightly clasping anterior gonopod ( Figs 15, 18, 20 ) (the posterior angiocoxal process on the left is removed in Fig. 15 ). Angiocoxite (a) in posterior face with subglobule (sg) strongly protruding caudad and the proximal part covered with papillae and spikes ( Figs 15, 18, 20 ). In anterior view the colpocoxite with an apically convex blade (bb) along its length ( Figs 21, 22, 24 ). Two bb can be closed ( Fig. 21 ) or located at some distance from each other ( Figs 22, 24 ). Angiocoxite (a) in anterior face strongly elongated ventrally, convex centrally along its length ( Fig. 21 ), however, it does not form an independent separate process (here I adhere to Shear’s (1990) opinion, see Discussion). Posterior gonopod telopodite 2-segmented, setose, located almost on the posterior surface of the gonopods; telopoditomere 1 with a very thin stem, telopoditomere 2 middle length.

Female. Length 7.0–8.0 mm, width about 1.0 mm with paraterga. Claws of hindmost legs at base with two small additional claw-shaped knobs very closely pressed to main claw. Vulva as in Figs 26, 27 .

Etymology. The species is named in honor of the collector Dr. Yu. M. Marusik, a well-known Russian arachnologist. A noun in genitive.

Figures

FIGURES 1–8. Liaoninosoma marusiki sp. nov., male paratypes (FSCB). 1. Right antenna, anterior view. 2. Leg and sternum 3, anterior view. 3. Leg and sternum 5, anterior view. 4. Leg pair 6, anterior view. 5. Leg pair 10, posterior view. 6. Coxae and trochanters 10, posterior view. 7. Leg pair 10, anterior view. 8. Coxae and trochanters 10, anterior view.Abbreviations: c, coxal process; t, knob. Scales: 20 μm (Figs 6, 8), 100 μm (Figs 1–5, 7).

FIGURES 9–14. Liaoninosoma marusiki sp. nov., male paratypes (FSCB). 9. Claw 11, posterior view. 10. Coxae, trochanters and sternum 11, anterior view. 11. Leg pair 11, anterior view. 12. Coxae and trochanters 11, posterior view. 13. Leg pair 11, posterior view. 14. Distal part of leg 5, posterior view. Abbreviation: d, finger-shaped process. Scales: 10 μm (Fig. 9), 40 μm (Figs 10, 12), 100 μm (Figs 11, 13), 0.05 mm (Fig. 14).

FIGURES 15–20. Liaoninosoma marusiki sp. nov., two male paratypes (FSCB). 15. Gonopods, posterior view (posterior angiocoxal process on the left removed). 16. Colpocoxite distal part without posterior angiocoxal process, posterior view. 17. Colpocoxite distal part, posterior view. 18. Gonopods, posterior view. 19. Spikes. 20. Gonopods without posterior gonopod telopodites, lateral view. Abbreviations: a, angiocoxite; at, anterior gonopod telopodite; ax, apex; b, mesal blade; ba, frontal blade; cp, colpocoxite “pad’’; ms, spear-shaped structure; p, conical process; pp, posterior angiocoxal process; sg, subglobule. Scales: 10 μm (Fig. 19), 20 μm (Figs 16, 17), 100 μm (Figs 15, 18, 20).

FIGURES 21–25. Liaoninosoma marusiki sp. nov., two male paratypes (FSCB). 21. Gonopods, anterior view (slightly turned to the right). 22. Gonopods, anterior view (slightly skewed backwards). 23. Anterior part of colpocoxite “pad”. 24. Posterior gonopod colpocoxites, anterior view (slightly skewed backwards). 25. Central part of coxosternum of anterior gonopods, anterior view. Abbreviations: a, angiocoxite; bb, blade. Scales: 10 μm (Fig. 23), 20 μm (Fig. 25), 100 μm (Figs 21, 22, 24).

FIGURES 26–27. Liaoninosoma marusiki sp. nov., female paratype (FSCB). 26, Right vulva, ventral view. 27. Right vulva, mesal view. Scales: 20 μm.