Canarium nitidifolium Daly, Raharim. & Federman, 2015

Daly, Douglas C., Raharimampionona, Jeannie & Federman, Sarah, 2015, A revision of Canarium L. (Burseraceae) in Madagascar, Adansonia 37 (2), pp. 277-345 : 324-326

Canarium nitidifolium Daly, Raharim. & Federman , sp. nov.

( Figs 4 ; 24 )

Small trees, leaves 2-3(4)-jugate, non-basal lateral leaflets broadly elliptic or less often slightly (ob)ovate, secondary veins in 5-10 pairs, leaflets markedly pubescent abaxially, and fruit ovoid with the surface smooth and glabrous; distinguished from C. pulchrebracteatum Guillaumin by the petiole and rachis with sparse to scattered flexuous ferrugineous hairs to 0.3 mm long (vs dense, fine, flexuous hairs to 0.15 mm long in C. pulchrebracteatum ), stipule 2-3 (vs 5-7) mm long, leaflet acumen usually broad (vs usually narrow), lateral leaflet base truncate to cordate or less often acute (vs rounded to obtuse or acute), secondary veins usually arcuate (vs usually spreading) and the angle decreasing (vs increasing) toward base, and fruit base attenuate (vs obtuse to truncate).

TYPUS. — Madagascar. [Toliara,] Fort-Dauphin, Forêt de Manantantely , 50-300 m elev., 1.III.1947, H. Humbert 20369 (holo-, NY!; iso-, P[P05280062]) .

PARATYPI. — Madagascar. Toliara, Anosy, Taolognaro, Ambatotsirongorongo , Amboavola , Sarisambo , 289 m, 25°05’43”S, 46°46’41”E, 07.VI.1999, J. Rabenantoandro, L. Randrihasipara & E. Ramisy 88 ( MO, P[P05280063], TAN), Taolagnaro , Sarisambo , Amboavola , Forêt d’Ambatotsirongorongo , 25°05’S, 46°47’E, (without date), R. G. Ramison 344 ( MO, NY, P, TAN) ; Manantenina, Forêt de Marovony , 24°06’S, 47°20’E, 29.X.1990, A. Randrianasolo D. Faber-Langendoen, N. Dumetz & R. Rabevohitra 188 ( MO) ; vicinity of Fort Dauphin / Taolagnaro , 2 km W of Manantantely, 0-25 m, 25°00’S, 46°55’E, 09.III.1993, A. Randrianasolo 282 ( MO) ; Anosy, Taolagnaro, Sarisambo , Ambohivola. Forêt d’Ambatotsirongorongo , 440 m, 25°04’35”S, 46°47’00”E, 22.II.2009, R. Razaka et al. 4304 ( MO, NY, P, TAN) .

DISTRIBUTION AND ECOLOGY. — Canarium nitidifolium is known only from the Tolagnaro region, in dense moist forest on lateritic or granitic substrates at 0- 440 m. Fruiting Feb.-Jun. (Oct.).

COMMON NAME. — Ramy.

ETYMOLOGY. — The specific epithet refers to the glossy leaflet adaxial surface.

DESCRIPTION

Trees, reproductive size 10-15 m × 30-50 cm diam. Outer bark gray, rough due to raised lenticels, thin, shed in large, thin, irregular plates; inner bark brittle, drying reddish. Leaves 12.5-29 cm long, 2-3(4)-jugate (1-jugate on young branchlets); petiole 1.7-5.5 cm long, petiole and rachis with sparse to scattered flexuous ferrugineous hairs to 0.3 mm long, also fine erect to ascending hairs to 0.2 mm long; stipules 5-14 mm from petiole insertion on upper side of petiole, 2-4 (6) mm long, orbicular, sometimes involute and appearing ligulate, base slightly constricted, both surfaces with dense, appressed to ascending, pale golden hairs to 0.2 mm long, scar 1.5-2.5 mm long; basal petiolules 3-7 mm long, other laterals, 5-18 mm long, terminal one 15-26 mm long, petiolules not canaliculate, pulvinuli inconspicuous; basal leaflets (1.5) 2.7-6.5 × (1.2) 1.7-3.6 cm, broadly ovate or less often suborbicular, other laterals 4-9.2 × 1.8-5.0 cm, broadly elliptic or less often slightly (ob)ovate, terminal one 4-6 × 2-4 cm, broadly elliptic to broadly obovate; leaflet apex very abruptly and broadly short-acuminate, the acumen 2-4 mm long and the apex tip glandular-apiculate; lateral leaflet base usually asymmetric, on basals truncate to slightly cordate, on other laterals obtuse to acute or sometimes slightly cordate; margin slightly revolute and provided with dense to scattered flexuous ferrugineous hairs to 0.35 mm long near base; leaflets coriaceous, usually drying convex, whitish abaxially (apparently due to waxy deposits) and dark grayish-brown adaxially, adaxial surface often glossy; secondary vein framework brochidodromous, secondaries in 5-9 pairs, spreading to slightly arcuate, insertion usually decurrent (more noticeable on abaxial side), spacing decreasing toward apex and base, angle acute and increasing slightly toward base and apex, perpendicular intersecondaries or perpendicular epimedial tertiaries present (latter sometimes multiple), intercostal tertiaries irregular-reticulate and alternatepercurrent with some opposite-percurrent veins, quaternaries regular-polygonal; on abaxial side usually with a whitish cast due the veins all narrowly prominent, the veins with dense flexuous hairs to 0.3 mm long, also sparse to scattered spiky hairs to 0.1 mm long on all veins; on adaxial side the veins all narrowly prominulous but midvein sunk in a groove, with scattered flexuous hairs to 0.5 mm long on midvein and base of secondaries. Flowers unknown. Infructescences (4.5) 9-19 cm long, secondary axes to 6 cm long, axes with dense, fine, flexuous to ascending, ferrugineous hairs to 0.4 mm; fruiting pedicel 0.7-2.1 cm × 3.1-3.8 mm, cylindrical, fruiting calyx narrowly cupular, the lobes evident and patent, 4-5 mm long. Fruits 2.7-3.5 × 2-2.5 cm, (broadly) ovoid, the apex acute to truncate, the base attenuate, surface smooth and glabrous.

NOTES

Canarium nitidifolium , sp. nov. closely resembles C. pulchrebracteatum ; the two are contrasted in the discussion under the latter species.

Figures

FIG. 4. — Distributions of Canarium angulatum Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov., C. ferrugineum Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov., C. globosum Daly,Raharim.& Federman,sp.nov., C. nitidifolium Daly,Raharim.& Federman, sp. nov., and C. subsidarium Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov.

FIG. 24. — Canarium nitidifolium Daly, Raharim. & Federman, sp. nov.: A, flowering branchlet; B, staminate bud; C, stamens and ovariodisk, plus adaxial view of anther (C’); D, fruiting branchlet with detail of leaflet (D’); E, petiole bases with stipules (left) and stipular scars; A-C, McPherson 14403 (MO); D, Rabenantoandro et al. 88 (MO); E, Randrianasolo et al. 188 (MO). Scale bars: A, 2 cm; B, 3 mm; C, 1 mm; E, 1 cm; D, D’, not to scale.