Cryptotympanini Handlirsch, 1925

Moulds, MS, 2005, An Appraisal of the Higher Classification of Cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadoidea) with Special Reference to the Australian Fauna, Records of the Australian Museum 57 (3), pp. 375-446 : 431

Tribe Cryptotympanini Handlirsch, 1925

Cryptotympanaria Handlirsch, 1925: 1117 .

Cryptotympanini Boulard, 1979b: 58–59 .

Tibicenini Van Duzee, 1916: 55 .

Lyristarini Gomez-Menor, 1957 : 28.

Lyristini Boulard, 1972: 169 .

Type genus. Cryptotympana Stål [type species: Tettigonia atrata F.; = C. pustulata (F.)].

Included genera. Anapsaltoda Ashton , Antankaria Distant , Arenopsaltria Ashton , Cacama Distant , Chremistica Stål , Cornuplura Davis , Cryptotympana Stål , Diceroprocta Stål , Henicopsaltria Stål , Heteropsaltria Jacobi , Illyria Moulds , Lyristes Horváth , Macrotristria Stål , Neopsaltoda Distant , Nggeliana Boulard , Orialella Metcalf , Psaltoda Stål , Raiateana Boulard , Salvazana Distant.

These genera are grouped into three subtribes: Cryptotympanina , Heteropsaltriina and Nggelianina based upon length of the fore wing cells and whether the timbal covers meet the opercula ( Boulard, 1979b). Subtribes are not adopted here.

Diagnosis. Head with vertex laterally elongate so that eyes widely separated from supra-antennal plate. Postclypeus shape in transverse cross-section rounded; postclypeal ridges lacking transverse grooves towards distal ends. Pronotal collar with lateral margin strongly ampliate; lateral tooth absent. Fore wing pterostigma present; veins C and R+Sc close together; vein RA 1 aligned closely with subcosta (Sc) for its length. Hind wing with anal lobe broad and vein 3A usually curved at distal end, long, separated from wing margin. Fore leg femoral primary spine usually erect. Meracanthus gradually tapering to a point, triangular or nearly so. Male opercula completely encapsulating meracanthus and completely covering tympanal cavity. Male abdominal tergites with sides straight or convex in cross-section; tergites 2 and 3 larger than tergites 4–7; epipleurites reflexed to ventral surface, without an inward V-shaped kink. Timbals extend below wing bases. Timbal covers flat; fully rounded dorsally, extending to metathorax, tightly closing the timbal cavity or nearly so; lower margin extending anteriorly from or very near auditory capsule. Pygofer with upper lobe absent (except in Henicopsaltria , Psaltoda , Anapsaltoda and Neopsaltoda ), thickened rather than flat; basal lobe moderately to well developed; distal shoulder rounded except in Illyria where it is distally extended and pointed; dorsal beak present as a part of chitinized pygofer (but absent in Anapsaltoda , Henicopsaltria , Illyria , Neopsaltoda and Psaltoda ). Uncus digitate or basically tubular, large, dominant. Claspers absent. Aedeagus with basal portion of basal plate directed forwards away from thecal shaft; ventral rib completely fused with basal plate; theca recurved basally through some 180°; pseudoparameres absent; subapical cerci absent (except in Illyria and Macrotristria ). Male reproductive system with length of accessory glands long. Female reproductive system with accessory glands of common oviduct short.

Distinguishing characters. Distinguished from the allied Platypleurini by having a broad head that is as wide or wider than the lateral margin of the pronotum (that of the Platypleurini is narrower, usually much narrower), and the head, thorax and abdomen are “normal” (unlike those of the Platypleurini which are compressed vertically, that is “flattened”). Distinguished from the allied Thophini by the male timbal covers that are flat (those of the Thophini are swollen and sack-like); females are not distinguishable.

Discussion. The Cryptotympanini as defined here is equivalent to Boulard’s (1998) subtribe Cryptotympanaria . Boulard combined the Cryptotympanini and Platypleurini into the single tribe Platypleurini , with subtribes Cryptotympanaria and Platypleuraria. See further comments below under Platypleurini , p. 433.