Anisophyllea ferruginea Ding Hou (1958: 477)

Chen, Xin, He, Hai & Zhang, Li-Bing, 2015, A monograph of the Anisophylleaceae (Cucurbitales) with description of 18 new species of Anisophyllea, Phytotaxa 229 (1), pp. 448-450 : 448-450

22. Anisophyllea ferruginea Ding Hou (1958: 477) ( Figure 42 )

Type:— INDONESIA. West Kalimantan (?): Westerafd. v. Borneo, Melawie, Tjetit T. Tengkoejoeng, ca. 450 m, 18 July 1938, alt. ± 450 m, Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb 25118 (holotype BO, isotype L-0520819!) .

Trees to 31 m tall, 40 cm in diam.; bark smooth, sometimes slightly fissured, inner bark dark brown, sap wood pale-brown; young branches promiscuously tomentose (with rusty hairs tortuous) and pubescent (with erect rusty hairs to 0.2 mm long), glabrescent when mature; buds tomentose with rusty hairs. Leaves dimorphic, small ones nearly opposite, at base of or a little away from large ones, internodes between similar types of leaves 1.2–6.0 cm long, between two adjacent different types of leaves 0–12 mm long; small leaves caducous, only leaving small scars on

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young branches; large leaves petiolate, petiole 1.0– 1.5 cm long, to 3 mm in diam., furrowed abaxially, rusty tomentose or glabrous; leaf blade oblong-elliptic or oblong-ovate, (7.5–)9.0–18.0(–31.0) cm long, 4–l 5 cm wide, base acute, obtuse or rounded, apex acuminate or caudate with tips 1.0–1.5(–2.0) cm long, margin rarely revolute; coriaceous, glabrous or rarely pubescent adaxially, shortly pubescent abaxially with rusty hairs ca. 0.06 mm long, sometimes glabrescent but vestiges of indumentum always visible along veins or at vein axils; main longitudinal veins 5–7, springing from blade base, or with 1–2 inner lateral veins from midrib to 2.5 cm above blade base, inner 3–5 veins impressed adaxially and raised abaxially, outermost two veins rather fine and often disappearing into lower half of blade margins and slightly prominent on both surfaces; transverse veins numerous, irregular; veinlets tessellate and slightly prominent on both surfaces. Inflorescence a supra-axillary spike, unevenly branched and paniculiform, rachis 3–7(–10) cm long, 0.6–0.9 mm in diam., tomentose with rusty tortuous hairs to 0.16 mm long, more densely covered at bases of floral fascicles, with flowers unevenly fascicled on main rachis or crowded on very short lateral branches, internode between floral fascicles or lateral short branches 2.5–8.0 mm long; bracts small, deltoid, to 0.7 mm long, 0.4 mm wide, pubescent with rusty hairs, each with one axillary flower; infructescence to 3.5 mm in diam., persistently tomentose with rusty hairs; flowers unisexual, 4(–5)-merous, sessile, yellow; female flowers receptacle cylindric to quadrangular, 0.6–1.0 mm long, ca. 1 mm in diam., densely tomentose with rusty short hairs ca. 0.03 mm long; sepals deltoid, ca. 0.6 mm long, sparsely pubescent on both surfaces with hairs as receptacles, acute at apex, margins short-ciliate; petals minute, deltoid, ca. 0.16 mm long, pubescent with brownish hairs all over; staminodes 8(–10), ca. 0.16 mm long; disk obscurely crenulate, densely pubescent; styles 4(–5), free, ca. 0.6 mm long, base conical, 0.25 mm in diam., distally attenuate, apex slightly recurved, densely pubescent with brownish hairs ca. 0.06 mm long; Male flowers receptacle cylindric, shorter than female flowers, ca. 0.3 mm long, 1 mm in diam., hairy as female flowers; sepals, petals and disks similar to female flowers; stamens 0.4–0.6 mm long, 0.25–0.30 mm wide, base thickened and compressed, densely pubescent, anthers ca. 0.12 mm long; pistil rudimentary; styles 4(–5), ca. 0.3 mm long, densely pubescent. Fruits ellipsoid, 5.5–10.0 cm long, 3–4 cm in diam., obtuse at both ends; pericarp woody, 5 mm in diam.; glabrous.

Flowering and fruiting: —Flowering in August to September; fruiting May to June.

Habitat and distribution: — In mixed Dipterocarpus forests; below 600 m. Brunei; Indonesia (Central Kalimantan, Central Sulawesi, Riau Islands, West Kalimantan); Malaysia (Sarawak) ( Figure 43 ) .

Vernacular names: — Malaysia: Kepajang, sangkuak, tengoda, Dajak, belian landak, bulu, kepajang landak.

Taxonomic notes: —When Ding Hou (1958) published Anisophyllea ferruginea , he did not clearly compare it with its related species. Judging from its occasionally much large-sized leaves with coriaceous texture and its relatively large fruits, it shares some similarity with A. grandis . However, it has both female and male flowers sessile, its young branches covered with rusty tomenta, and its leaves with conspicuous rusty hairs on abaxial surface. These rusty hairs are persistent even when leaves become senescent ( Wong & Madani 1995). The combination of these characters makes it different from any affinity of A. grandis . Its type specimens were collected from the “East of Borneo” ( Wong & Madani 1995), but we could not determine whether it is from West Kalimantan or any other province of the present Indonesian administrative zoning. The locality on the label of its isotype deposited at L is most likely from West Kalimantan.

Additional specimens examined: — BRUNEI. Belait: Andulau F. R., 19 September 1957, P. S. Ashton BRUN 580 ( L); Bukit Puan, 17 May 1957, P. S. Ashiton S. 7867 ( L); Luagan Lalak, 01 August 1991, Niga Nangkat NN 186 ( L). INDONESIA. Central Kalimantan: Sintang. HPH 70 km, 00°51’53.6”S 112°13’29.9”E, below 100 m, 08 April 1994, A. C. Church, U. W. Mahyar, Indah, Ismail & Hamzah 743 ( NY). West Kalimantan: Buduai Sanggau, 00°42’50”N 110°13’07”E, 30 August 1991, Tukirin Partomihardjo K 3321 ( L); G. Emporo, 00°43’N, 110°06’E, 30 September 1993, E. Suzuki K 5227 ( L); Sanggau, 150 m, 23 August 1932, Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb 17143 ( L), 23 September 1933, 100 m, Neth. Ind. For. Serv. 18005 ( L); Landak Ngabang, ca. 40 m, Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb 6406 ( L); Without locality, 11 March 1925, Boschproefstation bb 8169 ( L). MALAYSIA. Sarawak: Bintulu, Nyabau, 4 th Division, 21 June 1966, Ding Hou 332 ( K, L); Bintulu, Nyabau, 4 th Division, catchment area, 11 June 1966, Sibat ak Luang S. 24512 ( L, NY), 19 June 1966, Sibat ak Luang S. 24600 ( K, L, NY); Bkt. Raya, Kapit, 3 rd Division, 460 m, 18 October 1985, E. Wright S. 23885 ( K, L); Bkt Iju, Ulu Arip, Balingian 3 rd Div., 270 m, 02 August 1965, Jugah ak. Kudi, S. 23691 ( L)?Gunong Buri, Ulu Simunjan, 14 September 1975, Paul Chai S. 36742 ( L, MO); Lambir Hills N. P., Miri, 4 th Div., 30 October 1976, Ilias & Yeo, S. 38327 ( L, MO); Lambir N. P., 4 th Div., 24 September 1978, Rena George S. 40349 ( K, L), 25 September 1978, Rena George S. 40425 ( L); Lambir N. P., Miri, 4 th Div., 30 June 1983, Bernard Lee, S. 46491 ( K, L, MO); Sg. Mentawai, G. Mulu N. P., 4 th Division, 7 October

MONOGRAPH OF ANISOPHYLLEACEAE

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1977, Paul Chai S . 39774 ( L); Semengoh F . R ., Arboretum , 20 November 1961, Galau S . 15708 ( L); Semengoh F . R ., 12 mi S of Kuching, Transect 5, 100 m, 16 August 1981, A . H . Gentry 34123 ( MO) .

Figures

FIGURE 42. Anisophyllea ferruginea Ding Hou. —A. Leafy branch (Neth. Ind. For. Serv. bb 25118; isotype, L-0520819). —B. Fruiting branch (Niga Nangkat NN 186; L-0520827).

FIGURE 43. Geographical distribution of Anisophyllea ferruginea Ding Hou.