Ficus, Linnaeus (1753: 1059), Linnaeus , 1753

Zhang, Zhen, Chen, Yi-Jia, Mei, Li, Zou, Lu, Zhang, Mei-Jiao, Li, Hong-Qing & Zhang, De-Shun, 2023, Phylogeny of the Ficus sarmentosa complex (Moraceae) uncovered an omitted species and the rank elevation of F. pubigera var. maliformis, Phytotaxa 579 (1), pp. 17-31 : 27

Key to species in the F. sarmentosa complex

1. Acrophylls apex round; syconia 4 cm or larger in diameter................................................................................................. F. pumila

1. Acrophylls apex often caudiform to acute (round in F. muricata ); syconia less than 3 cm in diameter............................................ 2

2. Leaf brown when dry; acrophylls abaxially seldom foveolate; syconia tuberculate more or less ..................................................... 3

2. Leaf not brown when dry; acrophylls abaxially foveolate or not (in some varieties of F. sarmentosa ); syconia not tuberculate..... 4

3. Acrophylls less than 7 cm in length; peduncle (2–) 5–12 mm; syconia 6–8 mm in diameter ...................................... F. dinganensis

3. Acrophylls 7–26 cm in length; peduncle 2 mm to sessile; syconia 1–2 cm in diameter.................................................................... 5

4. Acrophylls 25 cm or larger in length; syconia and leaf covered by dense brown pubescent............................................ F. anserina

4. Acrophylls less than 20 cm in length; syconia and leaf covered by sparse pubescent to glabrous...................................................... ....................................................................................... F. sarmentosa and its allies (taxa in subclade f in Fig. 1 except F. pumila )

5. Acrophylls 13–26 cm in length, apex round, abaxial surface glabrous............................................................. F. muricata (sp. nov.)

5. Acrophylls 7–18 cm in length, apex acuminate to short caudiform, abaxial surface sparsely to densely tomentose........................ 6

6. Acrophylls 5–8 cm in width, basal vein basal vein up to 1/3 to 1/2 of lamina length; synocia 1.5–2 cm in diameter ........................ ........................................................................................................................................................................................... F. pubigera

6. Acrophylls 3–5 cm in width, basal vein basal vein up to 1/5 to 1/3 of lamina length; syconia often less than 1.5 mm in diameter... ................................................................................................................................................................................................ F. howii

Figures

FIGURE 1. The phylogenetic tree of the F. sarmentosa complex based on three nuclear loci ITS, ETS and G3pdh. The values above the branches showed the posterior probability and maximum likelihood bootstrap orderly.