Pseudoparaclius

Kaae, Mathias Emil, Grichanov, Igor & Pape, Thomas, 2015, A new species of Pseudoparaclius Grichanov (Diptera: Dolichopodidae) from Udzungwa Mountains National Park, Tanzania, and a key to Afrotropical species, Zootaxa 4018 (1), pp. 137-145 : 143-144

Key to Afrotropical species of Pseudoparaclius (males only)

This key builds extensively on Grichanov (2004) but has scattered modifications based on material examined for the present study in our respective collections, plus the inclusion of two still unnamed species.

1 All femora black except pale apices, fore femur sometimes orange-brown........................................ 2

- All femora yellow, sometimes blackish dorsally, rarely hind femur mostly black................................... 9

2 Fore tibia with ventral group of very long setae at middle..................................................... 3

- Fore tibia without a ventral group of long setae at middle..................................................... 4

3 Fore tibia with 3 strong dorsal setae and ventral group of 15 very long undulated semi-erect black setae in 3rd quarter, 2– 3 x as long as greatest diameter of tibia; body about 4 mm ( Nigeria; see Vanschuytbroeck 1962, fig. 3)................................................................................................. P. ogojaensis (Vanschuytbroeck)

- Fore tibia with 3 anterodorsal, 3 posterodorsal setae and 4 long ventral setae at middle; body 3.2 mm ( Democratic Republic of the Congo; see Grichanov 2004, fig. 122)............................................ P. upembaensis (Grichanov)

4 Mid tibia with anterior row of numerous undulate setae, 4 times longer than diameter of tibia; body 3.8 mm ( Angola; see Grichanov 2004, figs 98, 99)....................................................... P. miritarsus (Grichanov)

- Mid tibia with few and unmodified anterior setae........................................................... 5

5 Mid femur with ventral comb of flattened setae in middle, at least as long as greatest diameter of femur................ 6

- Mid femur without a midventral comb, with anteroventral pile of setulae, almost half as long as greatest diameter of femur, or with sparse setae..................................................................................... 7

6 Fore tarsus with tarsomere 1, except apex, and tarsomere 5 yellow, otherwise black; hind basitarsus black; fore basitarsus straight, thickened in basal 2/3, fore tarsomeres otherwise not modified; ventral comb of mid femur with flattened setae, as long as greatest diameter of femur; cercus semi-lunular, rounded at apex; body 3.5 mm ( Zimbabwe; see Parent 1934, figs 43̶ 45)................................................................................. P. atricornis (Parent)

- Fore tarsus entirely yellow; hind basitarsus mostly yellow; fore basitarsus curved and compressed in the middle; fore tarsomeres 2–5 dorsoventrally flattened; ventral comb of mid femur with large, black, undulated setae, almost equal in length to greatest diameter of femur; cercus triangular, with angular apex; body 4.5 mm ( Kenya; see Parent 1934, figs 46, 47)........................................................................................... P. caudatus (Parent)

7 Mid femur with short anteroventral pile only at base; body 4.5 mm ( Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa; see Grichanov 2004, figs 105͵ 106)................................................................ P. ngarukaensis (Vanschuytbroeck)

- Mid femur with anteroventral pile along proximal 1/2–2/3.................................................... 8

8 Hind tibia entirely yellow; hind tarsomere 1 yellow with black apex; cercus subtriangular, angular ventrally, with long, thin

dorsobasal process having short, undulated setae at apex; body 4.8–5.0 mm ( South Africa; see Grichanov 2004, fig. 71; Grichanov 2011, figs 91–93)............................................................. P. f u n d it o r (Curran) - Hind tibia yellow with blackish apex; hind tarsomere 1 entirely black; cercus fabiform, rounded ventrally, without dorsobasal process; body 4.0– 4.5 mm ( South Africa; see Grichanov 2011, fig. 90)............................... P. afer (Curran)

9 Fore leg with tarsomeres unmodified and pulvilli normally developed.......................................... 10

- Fore leg either with some tarsomeres distorted or laterally compressed, or pulvilli enlarged....................... … 11

10 Postpedicel as long as high; hypopygium nearly as long as abdomen, cercus rounded-oval, as large as epandrium ( Fig. 3 ); body 3.9 mm ( Tanzania; see Grichanov 2004, fig. 117)......................................... P. sanjensis (Grichanov)

- Postpedicel 2.2x as long as high; hypopygium shorter, as long as tergites 4–5 combined; cercus with distinct apex, smaller than epandrium; body 4.6 mm ( South Africa; see Grichanov 2004, fig. 129)...................... P. zogualensis (Grichanov)

11 Fore leg with tarsomeres unmodified, pulvilli enlarged ( Madagascar; S.E. Brooks, pers. comm. 2015)...................................................................................................... Pseudoparaclius sp. A

- Fore leg with some tarsomeres modified, pulvilli normally developed.......................................... 12

12 Wing with distinct dark brown region anteroapically; foretarsus with tarsomere 1 swollen in basal 2/3 with short ventral setae, tarsomere 2 weakly swollen basally, mid femur with ventral row of elongate and fine setae in basal 1/3; hind femur with long basiventral seta ( Côte d’Ivoire; S.E. Brooks, pers. comm. 2015).............................. Pseudoparaclius sp. B

- Wing lacking distinct dark brown region anteroapically, evenly greyish, brownish along costa, or blackish along longitudinal veins and at dm-cu; other features various................................................................ 13

13 Fore tarsomere 1 thickened in basal 2/3; hind tarsus black; all femora blackish dorsally; mid femur with ventral comb of flattened setae in middle, as long as greatest diameter of femur; cercus semilunular, rounded at apex; 3.5 mm ( Zimbabwe; see Parent 1934, figs 43̶45)............................................................... P. atricornis (Parent)

- Fore tarsomere 1 usually not thickened; hind tarsus usually at least partly yellow; other attributes various............. 14

14 Hind tarsomere 1 entirely black; wing blackish along longitudinal veins and at dm-cu; cercus small, blackish; body 4.0 mm ( South Africa)................................................................... P. obscoenus (Wiedemann)

- Hind tarsomere 1 mostly yellow; wing evenly greyish, brownish along costa; cercus variable in shape and colour....... 15

15 Fore tarsomeres 4–5 slightly compressed and dorsoventrally flattened; tarsomere 3 thickened at apex or slightly widened and flattened; body 4.2–4.4 mm ( South Africa; see Grichanov 2004, fig. 55)................... P. brincki (Vanschuytbroeck)

- At least fore tarsomeres 4–5 strongly laterally compressed................................................... 16

16 Tarsomeres 4–5 of fore tarsus strongly compressed but not flattened ( Fig. 1 A); mid femur with one anterior preapical seta; cercus rounded-oval, as large as epandrium ( Fig. 2 ); body 5.2–5.7 mm ( Tanzania).................... P. udzungwa sp. nov.

- Tarsomeres 3–5 of fore tarsus strongly widened and flattened; cercus with distinct apex, smaller than epandrium....... 17

17 Male cercus with short, dark cilia, half as long as cercus width; body about 4 mm ( Democratic Republic of the Congo, South Africa, Tanzania, Uganda; see Grichanov 2004, figs 89, 90)........................ P. maranguensis (Vanschuytbroeck)

- Male cercus with long, light cilia, as long as cercus width; body 3.8 mm ( Democratic Republic of the Congo; see Grichanov 2004, figs 80, 81).................................................................. P. kabasha (Grichanov)

Figures

FIGURE 1. Pseudoparaclius udzungwa Kaae, Grichanov & Pape, sp. nov., male holotype. A. Habitus, left lateral view, with insets showing head in anterior view and tarsomeres 4 – 5 of fore tarsus. B. Right wing.

FIGURE 2. Pseudoparaclius udzungwa Kaae, Grichanov & Pape, sp. nov., male hypopygium. A = left view; B, C = right view. A, C = untreated, dry; B = treated in KOH, in glycerine. Scales: 0.13 mm.

FIGURE 3. Pseudoparaclius sanjensis (Grichanov), male hypopygium. A, B = Photographs; C ̶ F = SEM. A. Hypopygium, left view (untreated, dry). B. Hypopygium, left view (KOH-treated, in glycerine). C. Hypopygium, left view. D. Ventral part of hypopygium, left view. E. Hypopygium, ventral view. F. Hypopygium, posteroventral view. G. Left cercus, median view. H. Microtrichia from median (i. e., inner) surface of left cercus. Abbreviations: cer = cercus; epl = epandrial lobe; hypd = hypandrium; pgt = postgonite; ph = phallus; surst = surstylus. Scales: A, B = 0.13 mm; C ̶ G = 0.1 mm; H = 10 µm.