Cyrea Gordon and Canepari

Canepari, Claudio, Gordon, Robert D. & Hanley, Guy A., 2016, South American Coccinellidae (Coleoptera), Part XVII: Systematic revision of the genera Cyrea Gordon and Canepari and Tiphysa Mulsant (Hyperaspidinae: Brachiacanthini), Insecta Mundi 2016 (486), pp. 1-180 : 3

Cyrea Gordon and Canepari

Cyrea Gordon and Canepari, 2013a . Type species Cleothera (Cyra) quinquenotata Mulsant, 1850 , by previous designation of Gordon and Canepari 2013a .

Description: Brachiacanthini with variable form, rounded, elongate oval, or long, nearly parallel sided. Elytron usually dark with pale maculae, or pale with dark maculae, occasionally vittate ( Fig. 12 , 158 ). Head yellow in male, partially brown or black in female. Antenna with 11 articles, basal article longer than wide, antennal insertion exposed. Clypeus with apical margin weakly to deeply emarginate. Labrum rectangular. Apical maxillary palpomere securiform with sides slightly diverging. Scutellum large, wider than long. Elytral epipleuron narrow or wide, deeply excavated for reception of tibiae. Prosternal process slightly convex, usually with two carinae. Protibia narrow, usually with oblique angle or minimal to wide angle, except a few species with wide, arcuate flange or narrow, bisinuate flange ( Fig. 23 , 73 , 84, 90 ). Abdomen without visible primary pores between ventrites 4 and 5. Abdominal ventrites usually lacking cusps, but cusps present in some species. Tarsal claw with subquadrate basal tooth. Male abdominal ventrites 5-6 usually unmodified except for normal apical emarginations. A few species have cusps on the male 5th or 6th abdominal ventrite. Male genitalia with basal lobe asymmetrical or often with outer borders symmetrical. Female genitalia with spermathecal capsule highly variable ( Fig. 16 , 48 , 58 , 82 ).

Remarks. Most species of Cyrea have protibiae at least somewhat angled on the anterior margin. This angle is referred to as the “oblique angle” rather than “flange” because it is not a true flange. However, a few species do have truly flanged protibia.

Cyrea and Brachiacantha are very similar and are separated only by the protibial tooth and consistently symmetrical male genitalia of Brachiacantha . One of the characteristics of Brachiacantha is the Psc form of the male parameres. However, the species of Cyrea belonging to the tessulata group also possesses Psc parameres. In addition, some species have distinct cusps on the male 5th or 6th abdominal ventrite, which is a character otherwise observed in certain species of Brachiacantha .

Species groups are recognized based primarily on male genitalia. The groups are defined as follows:

tredecimguttata group - paramere of male genitalia Unm, unmodified, similar to parameres possessed by many other Coccinellidae genera.

emiliae group - paramere of male genitalia Pav, anterodorsal angle of paramere with projecting “ear”, basal lobe variable from short, apex obliquely truncate, to long, apex irregularly triangular.

hexastigma group - paramere of male genitalia Pem, wide, widest at apex, apex truncate or emarginate, if emarginate, the emargination may be shallow or deep.

devillii group - paramere of male genitalia Pvl, lower margin of paramere widened, produced.

tessulata group - paramere of male genitalia Psc, form reminiscent of a scimitar, as typical of many other groups of Brachiacanthini .

Figures

Figures 1-16. Cyrea spp. 1-6) Cyrea mattie. 1) Habitus. 2) Phallobase ventral. 3) Phallobase lateral. 4) Sipho. 5) Enlarged siphonal apex. 6) Female spermathecal capsule. 7-11) Cyrea ida. 7) Habitus. 8) Phallobase ventral. 9) Phallobase lateral. 10) Sipho. 11) Enlarged siphonal apex. 12-16). Cyrea tredecimguttata. 12) Habitus. 13) Phallobase ventral. 14) Phallobase lateral. 15) Sipho. 16) Female genitalia.

Figures 153-170. Cyrea spp. 153-157) Cyrea stella. 153) Habitus. 154) Phallobase ventral. 155) Phallobase lateral.156) Sipho. 157) Enlarged siphonal apex. 158-164) Cyrea june. 158) Habitus. 159) Phallobase ventral. 160) Enlarged lateral view of basal lobe apex. 161) Phallobase lateral. 162) Sipho. 163) Enlarged siphonal apex. 164) Female genitalia. 165-170) Cyrea hexastigma. 165) Habitus. 166) Phallobase ventral. 167 Phallobase lateral. 168) Sipho. 169) Enlarged siphonal apex. 170) Female genitalia.

Figures 17-33. Cyrea spp. 17-22)Cyrea andicola. 17) Habitus. 18) Protibia. 19) Phallobase ventral. 20) Phallobase lateral. 21) Sipho. 22) Female genitalia. 23-28). Cyrea jo. 23) Habitus. 24) Protibia. 25) Phallobase ventral. 26) Phallobase lateral. 27) Sipho. 28) Enlarged siphonal apex. 29-33). Cyrea eileen. 29) Habitus. 30) Phallobase ventral and lateral. 31) Sipho. 32) Enlarged siphonal apex. 33) Female genitalia.

Figures 65-82. Cyrea spp. 65-70) Cyrea trepida, 65) Habitus. 66) Phallobase ventral. 67) Phallobase lateral. 68) Sipho. 69) Enlarged siphonal apex. 70) Female genitalia. 71-76) Cyrea vivian. 71) Habitus. 72) Proleg. 73) Phallobase ventral. 74) Phallobase lateral. 75) Sipho. 76) Enlarged siphonal apex. 77-82) Cyrea roberta. 77) Habitus. 78) Phallobase ventral. 79) Phallobase lateral. 80) Sipho. 81) Enlarged siphonal apex. 82) Female genitalia.

Figures 83-101. Cyrea spp. 83-88) Cyrea melanie. 83) Habitus. 84) Proleg. 85) Phallobase ventral. 86) Phallobase lateral. 87) Sipho. 88) Enlarged siphonal apex. 89-95) Cyrea holly. 89) Habitus. 90) Proleg. 91) Phallobase ventral. 92) Phallobase lateral. 93) Sipho. 94) Enlarged siphonal apex. 95) Female genitalia. 96-101) Cyrea brittany. 96) Habitus. 97) Phallobase ventral. 98) Phallobase lateral. 99) Sipho. 100) Enlarged siphonal apex. 101) Female bursal cap, apical strut, and spermathecal capsule.

Figures 34-48. Cyrea spp. 34-37) Cyrea gertrude. 34) Habitus. 35) Phallobase ventral. 36) Phallobase lateral. 37) Sipho. 38-42) Cyrea glenda. 38) Habitus. 39) Phallobase ventral. 40) Phallobase lateral. 41) Sipho. 42) Enlarged siphonal apex. 43-48) Cyrea viola. 43) Habitus. 44) Phallobase ventral. 45) Phallobase lateral. 46) Sipho. 47) Enlarged siphonal apex. 48) Female genitalia.

Figures 49-64. Cyrea spp. 49-52) Cyrea melanura. 49) Habitus. 50) Phallobase ventral. 51) Sipho. 52) Enlarged siphonal apex. 53-58) Cyrea emiliae. 53) Habitus. 54) Phallobase ventral. 55) Phallobase lateral. 56) Sipho. 57) Enlarged siphonal apex.58) Female genitalia.59-64) Cyrea annette. 59) Habitus. 60) Phallobase ventral.61)Phallobase lateral. 62) Sipho. 63) Enlarged siphonal apex. 64) Female genitalia.