Phytomia bulligera (Austen)
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publication ID |
https://doi.org/ 10.11646/zootaxa.4803.2.1 |
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publication LSID |
lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0C0F5754-9530-4072-AF45-BDFE4A8A2B57 |
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persistent identifier |
https://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F94D2C-FFB9-FFE7-0EAD-36F5FCFDFD41 |
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treatment provided by |
Plazi |
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scientific name |
Phytomia bulligera (Austen) |
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Phytomia bulligera (Austen) View in CoL
( Figs 5 View FIGURES 1–10 , 31 View FIGURES 29–36 , 42 View FIGURES 37–48 , 67 View FIGURES 61–72 , 88 View FIGURES 85–100 )
Megaspis bulligera Austen, 1909: 91 View in CoL
Material examined. SYNTYPES: 1♀, SIERRA LEONE, [no locality; ex Bigot collection], 1891 ; 1♂, UGANDA, E. Ruwenzori, Mubuku Valley , 17.I.1906 , G. Legge & A.F.R. Wollaston ( BMNH), indicated as, respectively female and male type by Austen (1909). The male syntype is hereby designated as lectotype. GHANA, Obuasi , 1♂, 8.I.1907; 1♂, 12.VI.1907, 1♂, 18.VIII.1907, all W.M. Graham ( BMNH). UGANDA , 1♀, Salt Lake to Wawamba, G.F. Scott Elliot ( BMNH) . Other material: BENIN, 1♂, Ahozon , 6.XI.2008 ; 1♀, Alfa Kouara , August 2004 ; 1♀, Pénéssoulou , February 2003; Sérou , 4♂, September 2005; 1♂ 1♀, 29.IV.2015, all G. Goergen ( IITA) . BURUNDI, Bururi, 1♂, 14.V.1949 ; 1♂, 29.V.1949, all F.J. François ( KBIN) ; 1♂, Rumongo , May 1949, F.J. François ( KBIN) ; 1♂, Rutana, 25.XII.1951, F.J. François ( KBIN) . CONGO (DR), Bambesa, Uele, 1♂, 20.IX.1933, H.J. Brédo; 1♂, 30.X.1933, H.J. Brédo; 1♂, 30.X.1933, J. Leroy; 1♂, 9.V.1938, P. Henrard (all KMMA) ; 1♂, Blukwa, Ituri , 28.XI.1928, A. Collart ( KMMA) ; Elisabethville [= Lubumbashi] ; 1♀, 14.III.1912, Bequaert ( KMMA) ; 1♂, 15.III.1912, Bequaert ( KMMA) ; 1♂, 9.III.1929, M. Bequaert ( KMMA) ; 1♀, March 1929, M. Bequaert ( KMMA) ; 2♀, 9.XII.1929, M. Bequaert ( KMMA) ; 1♀, April 1930, M. Bequaert ( KMMA) ; 1♂, 1.IV.1934, M. Bequaert ( KBIN) ; 1♂, 21.II.1965, E. Coussement ( KBIN) ; 2♂ 3♀, Ibanda, W. Kivu, 1935, Vandelannoite ( KMMA) ; 1♂, Kando, Katanga , April 1931, G.F. de Witte ( KMMA) ; 1♀, Lac Vert, Kivu , 16.IX.1951, A.E. Bertrand ( KMMA) ; 1♀, Leopoldville [=Kin- shasa] ( KBIN) ; Medje , 1♀, 11–14.VI.1910, Lang & Chapin ( AMNH) [labelled as paratype of P. bezzii ]; 1♀, 25– 30.VIII.1910, Lang & Chapin ( KMMA) [labelled as paratype of P. bezzii ]; 1♀, Lubutu , 6.II.1915, J. Bequaert ( KMMA) ; 1♂, P.N. Albert, Kataknuda, SL Edouard , 5.III.1936, L. Lippens ( KMMA) ; 1♂, P.N. Albert, riv May ya Moto , affl G. Taiya, 6.V.1957, P. Vanschuytbroeck ( KBIN) ; 1♂, Rwankwi , N. Lac Kivu, October 1951, J.V. Leroy ( KMMA) ; Stanleyville [= Kisangani] , 1♂, March 1915, Lang & Chapin ( KMMA) ; 1♀, May 1928, A. Collart ( KMMA) ; 1♀, Walikale , 7.I.1915, J. Bequaert ( KMMA) . ETHIOPIA, 1♂ 1♀, Bira Sidamo , 9.IV.1934 ( NRMS) ; 1♂, Embuli, near Dembecha , Amhara, 14.X.2011, A. Pauly ( KMMA) ; 6♂ 6♀, Gima, Jimma , 19–24.II.2016, L. Geeraert ( KMMA) ; Irga Alem, 1♂, 18.IX.1935; 1♂, 25.IX.1935, all Saska ( KMMA) ; 1♂, Lima–Kosa, Jimma , 9.II.2016, L. Geeraert ( KMMA) ; 1♂, Holeta , Oromia, 5.X.2010, A. Pauly ( KMMA) . GHANA, 1♀, Kintampo , 30.V.1913, J.J. Simpson ( BMNH) ; 1♂, Wati Waterfalls , February 2003, G. Goergen ( IITA) . GUINEA CONAKRY, 1♀, Diambessé Lalila , 13.VII.2017, S. Cavaillès ( SCPC) . KENYA, 1♂, Kakamega Forest , 20.XII.1970, A.E. Stubbs ( BMNH) ; 4♂ 5♀, Nyangori, N. Kavirondo , 18–19.V.1911, S.A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 3♂ 1♀, trail to Iyale, Taita Hills , 27.XII.2017 ,
G. Ståhls ( MZH); 1♀, Yala River, South edge Kakumga [=Kakamega] Forest , 21–28.V.1911, S.A. Neave ( BMNH) . MALAWI, Mlanje , 1♀, 28.IV.1913; 1♀, 2.V.1913, both S.A. Neave ( BMNH) ; 1♀, Mt Mlanje , 27.VIII.1913, S.A. Neave ( BMNH) . RWANDA, 1♂, Astrida [=Butare], 4.III.1955, P. Elsen ( KMMA) ; 1♀, Rwankuba, Kisenyi , 28.VIII.1953, A.E. Bertrand ( KMMA) . TANZANIA, 3♂ 1♀, Mt Meru , 10.VI.1962 ( CNC) . TOGO, 4♂, Dzogbé- gan, 24–25.I.2016, G. Goergen ( KMMA) ; Kloto , 1♂, February 2004; 1♀, October 2007; 1♂, 21–24.VI.2015; 1♂, August 2015; 2♂, November 2015; 1♂, May 2016; 1♂, December 2016, all G. Goergen ( IITA) ; 4♂ 2♀, January 2016, G. Goergen ( KMMA) ; 1♂, Plateaux, Kloto Kamp , 21–24.I.2016, K. Jordaens ( KMMA) ; Kuma–Tokpli , 2♂ 1♀, 21–24.I.2016, G. Goergen ( KMMA) . UGANDA, 1♂, Ankole District, W. Uganda, 30.XII.1975, M.K. Paulus ( CNC) ; 1♀, Bwamba, July–August 1946, V.G.L. van Someren ( CNC) ; Bwamba Valley , 1♀, July 1945; 2♂ 3♀, May 1954, all V.G.L. van Someren ( CNC) ; Entebbe , 1♀, 1–11.IX.1911, S.A. Neave ( CNC) ; 1♂, 20.XI.1972; 1♂, March 1973; 1♀, April 1973, all H. Falke ( CNC) ; Ibanda, 1♀, 23–28.XII.1972 ; 1♀, August 1973, all H. Falke ( CNC) ; 1♂ 2♀, North Ankole , 21.I.1975, P. Mugabi ( CNC) ; 1♀, Rwashamaire , 1–15.I.1973, H. Falke ( CNC) ; 2♂ 2♀, Kasese District, Rwenzori , 4.XII.2018, K. Jordaens ( KMMA) .
Related to P. bulligera : SOUTH AFRICA, 1♂, Umfiza Nature Reserve, East London , Eastern Cape, 4.XII.2015, K. Jere ( MZH) (see Comments) .
Body size. Body length (n=10): 8.6–11.4 mm. Wing length (n=10): 8.1–9.7 mm.
Redescription. MALE ( Fig. 5 View FIGURES 1–10 ). Head. Eye bare; holoptic, touching for about twice length of ocellar triangle, facets enlarged in dorsal half. Frons brown to black; with greyish brown pollinosity; dispersed pilosity of medium long pale pile; rugose area shining black, occupying one-third of entire width and half of entire height; with shorter dispersed pale pile. Face ground colour black; with dispersed greyish to greyish brown pollinosity, in parts weakly shining black; dispersed pilosity of short pale pile; facial tubercle elongated, moderately to strongly pronounced. Gena colour and pollinosity as face; with long pale pilosity. Occiput dorsal third black, with greyish pollinosity; ventrally more densely yellow-white, with dispersed pale pile. Antennal segments brown to black-brown, apical margin of basoflagellomere narrowly orange; arista yellow-brown, in basal half with medium long pile equal to width of pedicel.
Thorax. Scutum and scutellum black ground colour, with dense orange-brown pollinosity; covered with dense pile of long orange to orange-brown pilosity. Pleural sclerites ground colour black, with greyish brown pollinosity; covered with dispersed pile of long yellow to orange pile except meron, anterior part of katepisternum and anterior anepisternum.
Legs. Yellow-orange to black-brown. Fore leg, femur orange-brown to black brown, apical margin narrowly paler; with dense short black pilosity, anteriorly and posteriorly longer; tibia pale in basal third, otherwise orange to orange-brown; with short black pilosity, except in basal third where pale; tarsal segments yellow-orange. Mid leg as in fore leg, except tibia pale for basal half, and pilosity pale over entire length; sometimes pilosity on femur more golden yellow basally, especially along posterior part. Hind leg ( Fig. 31 View FIGURES 29–36 ), femur slightly thickened; black-brown, in basal third and at apical tip paler; dorsally with long pale pilosity, ventrally with long dark pilosity, otherwise short dark pilosity; tibia orange-brown to black brown, pale in basal third dorsally; with short silvery to golden yellow pilosity (very rarely, in one syntype specimen from Uganda, partially black pilosity in apical third), ventrally with short to medium-long dense black pilosity; tarsal segments yellow-orange.
Wing ( Fig. 42 View FIGURES 37–48 ). Mainly hyaline. Microtrichia along base; also weakly developed patch in medial part of wing anteriorly from apex of vein Sc, posteriorly along medial part of cell r 1, basal part of cell r 2+3, and into cell r where it reaches the junction of vein M with crossvein bm-cu. Dorsal calypter dark with fringe of dark pile, ventral calypter paler in basal part and fringe of pale pile.
Abdomen ( Fig. 67 View FIGURES 61–72 ). Mainly black-brown ground colour. Terga 2–4 to variable extent with anterior margin more orange-brown, anterolaterally more extensively so; with brownish pollinosity and shining medial bulla; pilosity with dispersed short to medium long pale pile, longer along margins; anterolateral part of tergum 2 with patch of more conspicuous dense short white pile, joined narrowly along anterior margin. Sterna black-brown, with widely dispersed long pale pile. Male genitalia as in Fig. 88 View FIGURES 85–100 .
FEMALE. As male except for the following character states. Eye, facets of equal size; dichoptic. Frons black ground colour; with greyish to greyish brown pollinosity, except in dorsal third where orange-brown; covered with short dispersed pale pile, except in dorsal third where predominantly black; rugose area shining brown; small, occupying one-fourth of entire width and equal in height to ocellar triangle. Facial pollinosity slightly denser, except on gena. Thorax, pilosity scutum less distinct orange. Legs, mid femur with pilosity more extensively pale.
Distribution. Benin, Burundi, Congo (DR), Ethiopia, Ghana, Guinea Conakry, Kenya, Malawi, Rwanda, Sierra Leone, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda. Possibly also Cameroon (see Speiser 1910) and South Africa (cf. Comments).
Comments. One syntype specimen of the series at BMNH, and one syntype specimen of the series at CNC (both originating from Sierra Leone) are aberrant from the other syntypes. Morphological differences of the male syntype were already observed by Austen (1909), in particular on the coloration of the abdominal terga. They show all characteristics of P. austeni sp. nov. and are included in the type series of the latter. Two paratypes of P. bezzii (originating from DR Congo), on the other hand, belong to this species and are listed here under material examined. One specimen from South Africa (GV43164) corresponds in all aspects with typical P. bulligera except that the scutal pilosity is more rufous (more orange to orange-brown in P. bulligera ) and the hind tibia dorsally largely with dense black pilosity except in basal third (completely pale pilosity in bulligera , but see also comment on Ugandan specimen in redescription). DNA barcode places it within the cluster of P. bulligera (i.e., the mean p-distance between specimen GV43164 and the other P. bulligera barcodes (1.3 %) is well below the mean interspecific p-distance among Phytomia species (6.6 %), and phylogenetic analysis supported the monophyly of all P. bulligera . No other material from South Africa, or southern Africa, could be studied. We, therefore, tentatively place it here until more extensive sampling in southern Africa can be conducted.
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