Hoplodrina bunun, Wu & Owada, 2018

Wu, Shipher & Owada, Mamoru, 2018, Revision of the Hoplodrina implacata group (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae: Caradrinini) of Taiwan, with descriptions of four new species, Zootaxa 4455 (3), pp. 571-581 : 579

Hoplodrina bunun sp. nov.

( Figs 13 – 15 , 20 , 28 , 34 )

Type material. Holotype. ♂, TAIWAN, Kaohsiung Ci., Tianchi – 1, 2170 m, 20, 22 – 23 – X – 2014, leg. M. Owada & C. M. Fu, preserved in NMNS ; paratypes, 13♂, same collecting data as the holotype, slide NMST – SW1180 (NSMT, TFRI, ESRI & NMNS); 1♂, same collecting locality as the holotype, 2280 m, 24–26–X–2017, leg. M. Owada & C. M. Fu (NSMT); TAIWAN, 1♂ 1♀, Kaohsiung Ci., Liquan Tunnel, 1800 m, 23 – X – 2014, leg. M. Owada & C. M. Fu ( NSMT & TFRI) ; 1♂, Kaohsiung Ci., Tianchi , 2280 m, 1–X–2014, leg. C. M. Fu ( CCMF) ; 1♂, Kaohsiung Ci., Zhuongzhiguan , 2000 m, 11–XI–2015, leg. M. Owada & C. M. Fu ( NSMT) ; 1♀, same collecting locality, 1930 m, 20–X–2015, leg. M. Owada & C. M. Fu (NSMT); 1♂1♀, same collecting locality, 1880 m, 26– X–2016, leg. M. Owada & C. M. Fu (NSMT); 1♀, same collecting locality, 11–XI–2015, leg. M. Owada & C. M. Fu (ESRI); 1♂, Nantou Co., Aowanda , 1000 m, 8 – XI – 2012, leg. S. Wu & W. C. Chang, slide TFRI154295 ( TFRI) ; 1♂, Nantou Co., Chunyang , 1000 m, 21 – 22 – X – 1992, leg. C. S. Lin, UV light, slide NMNS1427 – 426 ( NMNS) ; 1♀, Nantou Hsien, Lushan Spa , [ca. 1200 m], 7 – 9 – XI – 1983, leg. K. Yazaki, slide NSMT –SW420 (NSMT); 1♂, Nantou Co., Shishan , 2500 m, 15–IX–2007, leg. C. M. Fu ( CCMF) ; 1♀, Nantou Co., Shishan , 2375 m, 28–X– 2006, leg. C. M. Fu ( CCMF) ; 1♀, Taitung Co., Xiangyang , 2320 m, 19–X–2015, leg. C. M. Fu ( CCMF).

Diagnosis. Externally this new species is similar to H. euryptera and H. kononenkoi , but is larger in size (15 – 18 mm rather than 13 – 16 mm in forewing length) and the orbicular and reniform stigmata are closer to each other. In genitalia, H. bunun is unique in the genus by the uncus with laterally widen apical part with blunt apex and the deeply concave valval apical part of costal margin.

Description. Adult ( Figs 13–15 )—Forewing length mm 15 – 18 mm in males (n= 21); 16 – 17 mm in females (n= 6). Antenna filiform in male, ciliate in female. Head and thorax covered with brown scales. Forewing ground color brown fringed with ochreous scales. Forewing antemedial line wave-like, postmedial line serrate; orbicular stigma round, reniform stigma wide bean-like, both surrounding with pale ochreous and closing to each other; submarginal line pale ochreous, slightly excurved medially; outer margin with small triangular dot locating at central part between each vein; marginal line pale ochreous; cilia brown. Hindwing slight paler than forewing especially basal half part, discal spot distinct, marginal line pale ochreous, cilia brown. Abdomen brown.

Male genitalia ( Fig. 20 )—Uncus slender, curved toward anterior part, apical part extremely widen with round tip. Tegumen broad, peniculus well developed covered with very long hair-like scales. Saccus tapered, V-shaped. Valva with costal and ventral nearly parallel towards subapical part, subapical part strongly excurved at ventral margin, apical part of valva wide digitiform with round apex; corona represented by 16 – 18 spines. Juxta plate-like with straight apical margin and basal horn-like medial protrusion; harp long, curved medially. Aedeagus about 4/5 length of valva. Carina with three sclerotized bands. Vesica with three diverticula, basal and medial ones covered with short and long dense spines, respectively, distal one membranous. Tubular extension of vesica pointing posteriorly when fully swollen. Phallobase protruded posteriorly.

Female genitalia ( Fig. 28 )—Ovipositor elongated, papillae anales weak. Posterior apophyses thin, 1.5X length of anterior ones. Antrum wide, flat. Ductus bursae wide, flat, gradually narrowed towards anterior part, strongly sclerotized with ½ and ¾ section from posterior part bent. Bursae copulatrix sclerotized except round apical part where ductus seminalis arising. Corpus bursae slightly granular medially, without signum.

Distribution and bionomics. Endemic to Taiwan. The species is distributed in mid-elevation broad-leaved forests of central and south Taiwan. The adults occur infrequently from September to November.

Etymology. Named according to the Taiwanese aboriginal tribe, Bunun, which shows the similar distribution pattern with this new species in central and south Taiwan.

Figures

FIGURES 1–15. Habitus of species of Hoplodrina implacata group. 1. H. implacata (Wileman & West, 1929), female, holotype, Taiwan (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 2. Ditto, labels (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 3, 6. H. implacata, male, Taiwan; 4. H. cienensis sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 5. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 7. H. obscura sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 8. Ditto, paratype, male, Taiwan (TFRI); 9. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, male, China (NSMT); 10. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (TFRI); 11. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (TFRI); 12. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, male, Japan (NSMT); 13. H. bunun sp. nov., male, holotype, Taiwan (NMNS); 14. Ditto, male, paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 15. Ditto, paratype, female, Taiwan (NSMT). Scale bar= 10 mm. Photo by Shen-Horn Yen (1, 2); Shipher Wu (3–15).

FIGURES 16–23. The male genitalia of the genus Hoplodrina species. 16. H. implacata (Wileman & West, 1929), Taiwan (NSMT); 17. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 18. H. obscura sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 19. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 20. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NMNS); 21. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu & Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 22. H. minimalis Kononenko, 1997, China (NSMT); 23. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Shipher Wu.

FIGURES 24–30. The female genitalia of Hoplodrina species 24. H. implacata (Wileman & West, 1929), Taiwan, holotype (©The Trustees of the Natural History Museum, London); 25. Ditto, Taiwan (NIAES); 26. H. cienensis sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 27. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (TFRI); 28. H. bunun sp. nov., paratype, Taiwan (NSMT); 29. H. persequora Ronkay, Ronkay, Fu & Wu, 2013, Taiwan (TFRI); 30. H. euryptera Boursin, 1937, Japan (NSMT). Photo by Alberto Zilli (24); Daisuke Watabiki (25); Shipher Wu (26–30).

FIGURES 31–34. Life photos of the Hoplodrina species of Taiwan. 31. H. cienensis sp. nov., female, Ci’en; 32. H. obscura sp. nov., male, Guanwu; 33. H. kononenkoi sp. nov., male, Guanwu; 34. H. bunun sp. nov., male, Aowanda. Photo by Shipher Wu.