Bathythrix kuwanae Viereck, 1912

Watanabe, Kyohei, 2021, Taxonomic and Zoogeographic Study of the Japanese Phygadeuontinae (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae), with Descriptions of 17 New Species, Bulletin of the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum (Natural Science) 50, pp. 55-136 : 70-71

Bathythrix kuwanae Viereck, 1912

(SJN: Kuwana-mame-togari-himebachi)

( Figs 11A–C , 62A , 63D , 65D )

Bathythrix kuwanae Viereck, 1912b: 584 .

Bathythrix kuwanae var. nigrans Sonan, 1930: 358 .

Hemiteles narangae Uchida, 1930: 342 . Syn. nov.

Description. Female (n=11). Body length 3.4–5.3 mm. Body covered with silver setae.

Head. Clypeus punctate except for smooth anterior part, its anterior margin with a pair of obtuse teeth. Face punctate, covered with long setae, not strongly narrowed ventrally ( Figs 11A , 62A ). Eye not reaching basal part of mandible. Anterior tentorial pit not exceptionally large, without long dense setae inside ( Fig. 62A ). The margin of the pit at least largely visible. MSL 0.45–0.5 times as long as BWM. Frons, vertex, and gena polished, finely punctate. OOL: POL: OD = 1.0: 0.6: 0.4–0.5. Occipital carina complete, sinuate ventrally, its lower end joined with hypostomal carina distant from mandibular base. Upper tooth of mandible almost as long as lower tooth. Base of mandible flat.Antenna with 23–25 flagellomeres. FL I 3.95 times as long as maximum depth in lateral view. FL III 3.25 times as long as maximum depth in lateral view.

Mesosoma. Lateral part of pronotum largely rugose except for dorsal and ventral smooth areas, with strong epomia. Mesoscutum polished, finely punctate, with long notaulus ( Fig. 63D ). Scutellum finely punctate. Mesopleuron finely punctate except on speculum and a small area in front of and a little below speculum. Posterior transverse carina of mesosternum complete. Metapleuron largely rugose, its juxtacoxal carina indistinct. Propodeum covered with irregular rugae. Propodeal carinae complete but median section of lateromedian longitudinal carina somewhat indistinct. Area superomedia longer than wide, receiving the lateral section of anterior transverse carina anteriorly ( Fig. 65D ). Area petiolaris with a median longitudinal carina. Nervellus intercepted slightly posterior to middle. Length of fore wing 3.1–4.3 mm. Hind femur 5.0–5.4 times as long as maximum depth in lateral view. Hind TS I: II: III: IV: V = 2.0: 0.9–1.0: 0.6: 0.4: 0.5. Tarsal claws simple.

Metasoma. T I 3.0–4.0 times as long as maximum width, largely smooth. Median dorsal carina of T I present except for posterior part indistinct, largely obtuse. Dorsolateral carina of T I present in front of the spiracle. T II as long as or slightly shorter than maximum wide. T II to T V covered with fine punctures. Ovipositor sheath 0.81–0.93 times as long as hind tibia. Ovipositor straight, with a nodus and ventral teeth.

Coloration ( Figs 11A–C ). Body (excluding wings and legs) black to blackish brown. Basal part of antenna reddish brown to yellowish brown. Mandible reddish brown except for darkened apex. Palpi whitish yellow. Postero-dorsal corner of pronotum and tegula tinged with yellow. A longitudinally oval spot of posterior part of T I reddish brown. T II with large triangular reddish brown area, its width gradually widened posteriorly. Lateral margin of T II to T VII reddish brown. Anterior and posterior parts of T III reddish brown. Both areas enlarged medially and united into a single area. T III reddish brown posteriorly. T IV to T VII reddish brown but sometimes partly darkened. Membranous part of metasomal sternites whitish yellow. Ovipositor reddish brown. Wings hyaline. Veins and pterostigma yellowish brown to dark brown. Fore and mid legs and hind coxa, trochanter, and trochantellus whitish yellow to yellowish brown. Hind femur and tibia reddish brown except for apex of femur and base and apical parts of tibia blackish brown. Apical part of mid tarsus and hind tarsus blackish brown.

Male (n=3). Similar to female. Flagellum without tyloids. MSL 0.5–0.6 times as long as BWM. T I 3.8–4.3 times as long as maximum width.

Materials examined. JAPAN: TARI, M (holotype of Ba. kuwanae var. nigrans ), Hokkaido, Hakodate , 4. VIII. 1921, T. Shiraki leg. ; SEHU, M, “ Iwate ”, Ogasawara leg. ; KPM-NK 81722 , M, Tokyo, Akiruno City, Ninomiya , Tamagawa-riverside , 3. V. 2010, K. Watanabe leg. ; KPM-NK 81721 , F, Kanagawa Pref., Ebina City, Sagamigawa-Riv. , 10. X. 1992, H. Nagase leg. ; KPM-NK 81716 , F, ditto, 30. IV. 2006, M. Ooishi & R. Watanabe leg. ; KPM-NK 81717 , F, Kanagawa Pref., Atsugi City, Funako , Tokyo University of Agriculture , 8. X. 2010, T. Mita leg. ; KPM-NK 81719 , F, Kanagawa Pref., Aikawa Town, Nakatsu , 11. IV. 2014 ; KPM-NK 81720 , F, Kanagawa Pref., Hadano City, Mt. Koubou-yama , 15. IV. 2007, K. Watanabe leg. ; KPM-NK 81718 , F, Shizuoka Pref., Ooigawa Town, Shitarou , 13. IX. 2008 ; TMNH, F, Aichi Pref., Toyohashi City, Iwata Town , Rihyooike , 25. IX. 2018, S. Morishita leg. ; TMNH, F, Aichi Pref., Toyohashi City, Suse Town , Kanbata , 23. X. 2018, S. Morishita leg. ; KU, F (det. Momoi, as Ba. kuwanae ), Fukuoka Pref., Futsukaichi, 23. III. 1966, em. from Naranga sp. , E. Drake leg. ; SEHU, F (det. Kusigemati, as Ba. narangae ), Kagoshima Pref., Kagoshima City , 14. VII. 1963, K. Kusigemati leg. ; SEHU, M (det. Kusigemati, as Ba. narangae ), ditto., 28. XI. 1963, em. from Casinaria sp.

Distribution. Japan (Hokkaido, Honshu, and Kyushu), China, Taiwan, and Korea.

Bionomics. Many pests and its parasitoids in paddy field have been recorded as the hosts (see Yu et al., 2016). In Japan, three serious pests, Hypera postica Gyllenhal, 1813 ( Coleoptera , Curculionidae ), Oulema oryzae (Kuwayama, 1931) ( Coleoptera , Chrysomelidae ), and Naranga aenescens Moore, 1881 ( Lepidoptera , Noctuidae ), and a parasitoid, Casinaria nigripes ( Gravenhorst, 1829) ( Hymenoptera , Ichneumonidae ), have been recorded as hosts (e.g., Viereck, 1912b; Minamikawa, 1954; Kusigemati, 1976; Togashi, 1974; Yamaguchi et al., 2008).

Remarks. Bathythrix narangae ( Uchida, 1930) is newly synonymized under this species because no differences of character states between both species are recognizable.

Figures

Fig. 11. Bathythrix kuwanae Viereck, 1912, KPM-NK 81718 (B) and 81719 (A, C), females from Japan ― A, lateral habitus; B, head, frontal view; C, head,mesosoma, and metasoma, dorsal view.

Fig. 62. Bathythrix kuwanae Viereck, 1912 (A, KPM-NK 81718), Ba. margaretae Sawoniewicz, 1980 (B, KPM-NK 55017), Ba. thomsoni (Kerrich, 1942) (C, KPM-NK 81675), Diaglyptidea conformis (Gmelin, 1790) (D, KPM-NK 81645), Nipponaetes haeussleri (Uchida, 1933) (E, KPM-NK 81832), Acrolyta japonica sp. nov. (F, N, KPM-NK 54996, holotype), Acr. rufocincta (Gravenhorst, 1829) (G, KPM-NK 81732), Surculus japonicus sp. nov. (H, KPM-NK 81861, holotype), Isadelphus nigrus sp. nov. (I, KPM-NK 82003, holotype), Lochetica japonica sp. nov. (J, KPM-NK 81989, holotype), Megacara similis Sheng, 1999 (K, KPM-NK 81837), Gnotus chionops (Gravenhorst, 1829) (L, KPM-NK 82100), Gn. striatus (Uchida, 1930) (M, KPM-NK 82060), and Acr. flavicoxis Sheng & Sun, 2014 (O, KPM-NK 81837), females from Japan ― A–C, head, frontal view; D, E, head, lateral view; F–K, anterior margin of clypeus; L, M, mandible; N, O, basal part of antenna, lateral view.

Fig. 63. Acrolyta japonica sp. nov. (A, KPM-NK 54996, holotype), Dichrogaster liostylus (Thomson, 1885) (B, KPM-NK 55074), Dic. nitida Sheng & Sun, 2014 (C, KPM-NK 81908), Bathythrix kuwanae Viereck, 1912 (D, KPM-NK 81718), Retalia japonica Kusigemati, 1985 (E, KPM-NK 81676), Surculus japonicus sp. nov. (F, KPM-NK 81861, holotype), Bentyra ryukyuana sp. nov. (G, KPM-NK 81887, holotype), Hemiteles japonicus sp. nov. (H, KPM-NK 55021, holotype), and H. maculipterus sp. nov. (I, KPM-NK 55025, holotype), females from Japan ― A, median part of collar, dorsal view; B, C, lateral part of pronotum; D–G, mesoscutum and scutellum,dorsal view; H, I, hind tarsus, lateral view.

Fig.65.Acrolyta japonica sp. nov. (A, KPM-NK 54996, holotype), Diaglyptidea conformis (Gmelin,1790) (B, KPM-NK 81650), Micraris ryukyuensis sp. nov. (C, KPM-NK 81873, holotype), Bathythrix kuwanae Viereck, 1912 (D, KPM-NK 81718), Bentyra ryukyuana sp. nov. (E, KPM-NK 81887, holotype), Chirotica matsukemushii (Matsumura, 1926) (F, KPM-NK 81906), Paraphylax politus sp. nov. (G, KPM-NK 55079, holotype), Pa. transstriatus sp. nov. (H, KPM-NK 55080, holotype), Pa. yakushimensis sp. nov. (I, KPM-NK 55081, holotype), Pa. yambarensis sp. nov. (J, KPM-NK 55085, holotype), Ethelurgus sodalis kumatai Kusigemati, 1983 (K, KPM- NK 81938), Aclastus etorofuensis (Uchida, 1936) (L, KPM-NK 81976), Hemiteles kuro sp. nov. (M, KPM-NK 55024, holotype), H. yamatonis sp. nov. (O, KPM-NK 55033, paratype), Isadelphus nigrus sp. nov. (P, KPM-NK 82003, holotype), Lochetica japonica sp. nov. (Q, KPM-NK 81989, holotype), Mastrus molestae (Uchida, 1933) (R, KPM-NK 81987), Ma.takadai Momoi, 1970 (R, KPM-NK 81979), Gnotus chionops (Gravenhorst, 1829) (L, KPM-NK 82104), Gn. striatus (Uchida, 1930) (M, KPM-NK 82061), Orthizema semanotae Sheng & Sun, 2014 (V, KPM-NK 82047), Nipponaetes haeussleri (Uchida, 1933) (W, KPM-NK 81832), and Surculus japonicus sp. nov. (X, KPM-NK 81861, holotype), females from Japan ― A-W, carinae around area superomedia of propodeum, dorsal view; X, T I, lateral view.